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固有名詞」に関するUniLinkの質問と回答を一覧で確認できます。UniLink（ユニリンク）とは、受験生会員数13万人以上、相談投稿数10万件以上を有する国内最大級のハイレベル受験質問プラットフォームです。全ての受験生が、受験の悩みや不安を無料で現役難関大生に質問できます。また、過去に投稿された全ての質問と回答を閲覧することもできます。質問に回答するすべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。回答者の審査では、さらに実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して、一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。ライバルから刺激を得て、合格者の知恵を1つでも多く吸収し、ハイレベルな受験対策を行いましょう。"}],["$","link","4",{"rel":"icon","href":"/favicon.ico","type":"image/x-icon","sizes":"48x48"}],["$","link","5",{"rel":"icon","href":"/icon.png?2c0dc65a59843333","type":"image/png","sizes":"180x180"}],["$","link","6",{"rel":"apple-touch-icon","href":"/apple-icon.png?2c0dc65a59843333","type":"image/png","sizes":"180x180"}],["$","meta","7",{"name":"next-size-adjust"}]] 1:null 13:I[3866,["309","static/chunks/309-8ef1903acf6aa843.js","171","static/chunks/app/search/%5Bquery%5D/page-b26b13b38be41733.js"],"AdOnAdviceList2"] 14:T10b3,はじめまして！ 私立ですが、勉強の一環として和訳もやっていましたし、模範解答を作る仕事もしているのでので回答しますね。 ちなみにですが、これを読んでいる私立志望の方も和訳練習はやっておくと良いです。綺麗な和訳はより良い理解に繋がりますよ。 まず、和訳で点が取れない原因として1からあげると、 ・単語がわからない ・構文が取れていない ・意訳ができない が大まかな理由です。 単語や構文は、単語帳や、英文解釈の勉強で鍛えるしかないので省略します。 意訳ができない場合、大きな原因は名詞構文や強調構文など細かい構文を把握していないことがあげられます。和訳が硬い場合はほぼこれが原因かと思われます。 さて、いきなりですが問題です。次の例文の和訳をしてみてください。和訳は紙に書き出してください。 確か国公立大学の和訳の過去問です。 ex） Man's love of a quiet life and his resistance to anything that threatens his mental harmony account for his dislike of change. できましたか？ これは名詞構文の金字塔とも言えるほど名詞構文を説明する際に使われる英文です。 静かな生活の人間の愛と、、、なんてやっていては綺麗な和訳はできませんし理解もできません。 先程説明したようにここでは名詞構文がポイントになっています。 全体的な構文としては、Man's love〜harmonyまでがS 、account forがV、his dislike〜.がOとなります。（正確には accountは自動詞なのでfor以下はMになるはずですが、 account forで熟語として捉えた方がわかりやすいので） ☆ここで一つポイント 無生物主語の第三文型 →無生物S V O は受け身で訳すと綺麗になる場合があるというルールを適用。「SによってOはVされる」と訳す。 小さな構文をみていく時に、名詞構文の知識を使います。 所有格＋動詞の派生名詞＋前置詞＋名詞 はそれぞれ s' v' o' を読み込めます。（名詞構文を知らない場合は理解できないと思うので後で載せる参考書を参照してください） そうすると、 Man's love of a quiet life s' v' o' は「人間が静かな生活を愛すること」と訳せます。 his resistance to anything that〜は s' v' o' 「人間がが〜なことに抵抗すること」となり his dislike of changeは s' v' o' 「人間が変化を嫌うこと」 と綺麗に訳せますよね。これをofだから「〜の」としか考えていないと綺麗な和訳はできないんですね。 さらに大きな構文と☆から 「SによってOは説明される」（ account forは説明するという熟語）となります。 説明される→わかる くらいの意訳をしても👌です。 そうすると、 人間が静かな生活を愛することと、自分の心の調和を脅かすものはなんであれそれに抵抗することによって、人間が変化を嫌うことは説明される。 となり、これを綺麗にすると 人間が静かな生活を愛し、自分の心の調和を脅かすものはなんであれそれに抵抗することを見れば、人間が変化を嫌うことが分かるのである。 のように訳せます。 説明するのが難しかったので一題例を挙げて説明しましたが、名詞構文や強調構文などこのような知識が不足している場合は綺麗な和訳はできません。 このような知識を補うには、 関先生の英文読解の特別講座やプラチナルール長文などを使うと良いと思います。 和訳の演習問題には、 減点されない英文解釈がおすすめです！ さらに余力がある場合は最難関大への英文解釈にチャレンジしてみてください！ 何かあれば質問してください！ 頑張ってくださいね！ 2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"文法問題は訳？それとも文法事項？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして！\n\n個人的な意見ですが、文法問題を和訳から考えると間違えやすくなります。というのも、単語から勝手に意味を考える癖をつけると実際は全く逆の状況だった時に対応できないからです。例えば現在分詞と過去分詞は形容詞になると能動と受動と逆の意味になりますが、意味を先に決定してしまうとその二択を根拠を持って選べなくなります。\n\n結局文法問題のほとんどは正解の選択肢以外はそもそも文法的に成り立たない文章であることが多いです。なので意味は解く段階では必要ない時が多いです(訳して違和感がないか確認することはやりますが)。\nなので文法問題を解く時に何を考えているかという問いの答えは、「文法的に矛盾しないorこれしかない選択肢を探す」です。\nごく稀にどちらも文法的には問題がないため、意味で最後決めるということもあります。そういう時は文法的には間違ってないが常識的にありえない選択肢になっているので迷わないと思います。\n\n話は少し逸れますが、文法的に間違いがないかどうかをどう考えるのか、についてです。\n私個人のやり方としては、品詞分解をします。主節や関係詞節、副詞節をまず見極めて、それぞれの節事に考えます。節によっては前置詞がないと成立しないとか受身にならないと行けないなど制約があるはずです。それを考えます。\n場合によっては選択肢の中には品詞が全部異なってこの品詞しか入らないからこれしかないみたいなことも意外とあります。また選択肢の直後に名詞が来れるのがひとつしかないみたいなこともあります。つまり本文分析の後に選択肢を分析すると自動的に答えが出ることもあるというのも覚えておくと有用かと思います。\n\n以上です。\n具体例がないのでなかなか説明が抽象的になってしまって申し訳ないです。もしもっと詳細に聞きたい等あればコメントお願いします。\nこれから暑くなりますが、頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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