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UniLink"}],["$","meta","3",{"name":"description","content":"私はとても古典が苦手で、最近古典単語など少しずつ覚えて来たのですが、いざ長文を解こうとすると単語はわかるけど文の意味はつかめないという状況が続いていますどうしたら古典の読解が解けるようになりますか"}],["$","link","4",{"rel":"icon","href":"/favicon.ico","type":"image/x-icon","sizes":"48x48"}],["$","link","5",{"rel":"icon","href":"/icon.png?2c0dc65a59843333","type":"image/png","sizes":"180x180"}],["$","link","6",{"rel":"apple-touch-icon","href":"/apple-icon.png?2c0dc65a59843333","type":"image/png","sizes":"180x180"}],["$","meta","7",{"name":"next-size-adjust"}]] 1:null 13:I[3903,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"ClientInfo"] 14:I[2798,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdUnderConsultation"] 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1a:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList1"] 1c:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList2"] 1d:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList3"] 1b:T1df8,古文漢文、難しいですよね。私も人様にアドバイスできるほど古文漢文ができたわけではありませんが、参考までにどうぞ。 ⒈主語と述語の対応  古文も漢文も、文章であるからには、主語と述語があるはずです。その対応を正確に把握できないと、文章の意味もごっちゃごちゃになってしまいます。とりわけ、古文は主語が省略されることが多く、文上の他の要素からこれを特定しなければならないため、注意を払わねばなりません。とくに難しいのは、敬語によって主語を特定する場合です。敬語はよく勉強しておいた方がいいと思います。私は、古文も漢文も、登場人物には順にS1, S2, S3……と番号を振っていき、述語にはそれらに対応した番号を振って、それが誰のことについてのものなのかを問題文中にメモしながら読んでいました。 ⒉品詞分解と文法的説明  これは、古文の現代語訳問題で行っていたことです。というのも、私の学校の古文の授業では、予習の段階で、授業で扱う教科書の文章の全文について、品詞分解と文法的説明をした上でさらに現代語訳をさせられたため、正確な現代語訳のために品詞分解をする癖がついていたからです。ちなみに、文法的説明というのは、①動詞・形容詞・形容動詞であれば活用(例えば、サ変動詞「す」連用形。音便があれば音便の種類も)、②助動詞であれば意味と活用(例えば、完了の助動詞「たり」終止形)、③助詞であれば意味(例えば、順接確定条件の助詞「ば」)などです。助動詞や助詞の意味は、本文中での意味であって、複数の意味を取りうる助動詞や助詞の場合は、本文中の意味として最も適当なものを自分で選択しなければなりません。その際、①で見た、助動詞や助詞にくっついている動詞等の活用によって判断することもしばしばあります。例えば、助詞の「ば」は、未然形の動詞につく場合は順接仮定条件に、已然形の動詞につく場合は順接確定条件になりますし、受け身等の助動詞「る」と完了・存続の助動詞「り」の判別(とくに「れ」や「る」の場合)は、それが四段活用動詞につく場合は、その動詞が未然形か已然形かによってします(「りっちゃんさみしい(サ未四已)」でおなじみのやつですね)。このように、古文を分析的に読む訓練は、しておいた方がいいと思います。 ⒊句形だけは漏らさない  漢文ですね。漢文の句形は、お決まりの構文みたいなもので、とても重要なので漏れがないようにしましょう。漢文で訳を求められたり意味を問われたりするのは、ほぼ100%句形がある文についてですので。私の学校では、漢文の句形全部について何度も小テストがあり、その度に、90%以上をとれるまで再テストでしたね。それくらい句形は重要です。 ⒋古文の語義類推について  これは、私の個人的な経験です。北大の二次試験(受験本番)の古文で「正義」という言葉があったのですが、これを「個人が正しいと思う信念」みたいに一般的な意味だとすると、文章の意味の繋がりというか辻褄がどうも合わないということがありました。それで、じゃあこの「正義」はどういう意味だろうかと考えていると、一つの天恵が下ったんです。「そういえば、『意義』って言葉あるよな。この『正義』の『義』は、もしかしたら『意義』の『義』か? だとしたらこの『正義』の意味は、『(言葉の)正しい意味』か?」と。実際、そう訳してみると、意味のつながりに違和感がなくなって手応えを感じました。合っていたのかは知りませんが(解答速報など一切見なかったので)、国語の点数は8割弱だったので、多分会っていたんじゃないかと思っています(違ってたらクソ恥ずかしいですが)。  このように、知らない単語の意味を類推することができたのはなぜなのかということを振り返って考えてみると、それは私が使っていた単語帳のおかげなのではないかと思いました。『春つぐる頻出古文単語480』(河合出版)というやつなのですが、これの何が良いかと申しますと、それぞれの単語について、成り立ちなどが書いてあるんです(もっとも、すべての掲載単語について成り立ちが載っているわけではありませんが、何かしらの解説は書かれています)。今でも強く覚えているのが「はかばかし」についてです。漢字で書くと「捗捗し」、「捗」は「進捗」の「捗」ですね。すなわち、「捗」が二重で「はかばかし」ですから、進捗を重ねることから転じて「てきぱきしている」とか「しっかりしている」という意味になるわけです。これに関連して、「はかなし」も漢字で書くと「捗なし」、すなわち進捗がないことから転じて「頼りない」とか「むなしい」とかいう意味になります。「はかばかし」と「はかなし」は対義語になってるんですね。こういう感じで、「なぜそのような意味になるのか」ということから単語を勉強していたのが役に立ったのではないかと思っています。因みに、学校指定の単語帳は『読んで見て聞いて覚える 重要古文単語315』(桐原書店)でしたが、それでやっていても、問題文上では知らない単語が多く、どうも古文がよく読めるにならなかったので、もう少し掲載単語数の多い単語帳はないかと書店で物色していたところ、上の単語帳を見つけ、立ち読みしてみて一目惚れし、これを使うようになったという経緯があります。現在お使いの単語帳にご不満などありましたら、一度書店で見てみてはいかがでしょうか。 ⒌漢文の漢字  漢文でも意味の知らない漢字が出てくることはしばしばでしたので、『漢文句形とキーワード』(Z会)を使いました。句形は漢文必携で事足りたので、これは重要な漢字を学ぶために買いました(もっとも、漢文必携にも漢字はある程度載っていたと思います)。この参考書には、たしか漢文の背景知識(よくある文章のパターンとか政治のあり方とか色々)についてコンパクトに解説してある章があったので、そのような背景知識を知りたいという場合にもお勧めできると思います。これも、書店で見て個人的に良いと思ったので選びました。上の単語帳についても言えますが、私の参考書の選び方は、ネットなどでの評価は一切見ずに、書店で見て自分が良いと思ったものを選ぶというやり方だったので、ここで紹介した参考書の評判は知りません。  以上、参考になれば幸いです。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=z8lK3vIxNw2DuRj8","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"古典の読解について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between 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whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"古典文法の勉強の調子はどうですか?\n単語を覚えて来たら、次は文法です。\n古語は英語やその他外国語と違い、語順自体は現代日本語と同じ(当たり前ですが笑)なので、単語と単語を繋ぐ\"助詞\"や、\"助動詞\"の文法事項を覚えればそのまま読めます。\n\n特に最重要課題が助動詞です。\n例えば未然形接続の助動詞「る」には、受身/可能/自発/尊敬の4つの意味があります。\nこの「る」一つで、\n「尊敬の意味で使われているから主語は偉い人だ」\n「直後に打消の助動詞がきてるから、恐らく〜できないと訳すんだ」\nなど、様々なことがわかります。\n\n主語の判別や、動作が成功したのか否かなどは、物語の主旨を大きく左右する要素となりますよね。\nですので、騙されたと思って助動詞の意味、接続、活用を全て丸暗記してください!\nそして、解き終わった古文を一単語ずつ品詞分解し、助動詞が出て来たら意味、接続、活用が何か当てはめてください。\nすると、どの助動詞を読み違えたから正解できなかったかなどが分かってきて、自分の苦手分野を浮き彫りにできます。\n\nこれで古典の成績も飛躍的に上がるはずです!\n古典はやり方さえ守れば努力がついてくる科目なので、ぜひ頑張ってください。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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21:47"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"ありがとうございます!\nまだまだですが頑張ります!!!"}]]}]]}]]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/z8lK3vIxNw2DuRj8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古典の読解について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文 助詞"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"古文は文法と単語が命です。\n高2生であれば文法を極めてから文章読解に進んだ方が良いです。文法と単語が固まっていれば文章読解はスムーズに進めることができます。\nそこで助詞ですが、助詞は助動詞と比べて軽視されやすいですが文章読解においては助詞も助動詞と同じかそれ以上にポイントになってくることが多いです。そのため助詞がまだ全然入っていないのであれば助動詞と同じように講義系の参考書から入って、覚えてきたようであれば助動詞と並行して文法の演習系の参考書を繰り返しやって1秒ででてくるレベルまでやり込むことが大切です。また、助詞と助動詞はかなり忘れやすいので今覚えていても受験までその知識を定着し続けなければならないので、演習系の参考書をやると共に講義系の参考書を復習することも大切です。\n敬語ですがこれも読解の時に多きなポイントとなります。敬語は文章を読みながらではないと学びにくい部分もありますが、読解に進むまでに意味と敬意の対象をそれぞれ覚えておくことが重要です。\n優先順位としては\n単語→助動詞と助詞→敬語法→読解→古典常識や文学史や和歌のルール\nという感じです。\n古文は普段の生活で接することが英語とかと比べてほぼないので最初は慣れず難しいかも知れませんが、古文と言っても日本語なので文法と単語をしっかりとやれば英語よりかなりやりやすくなるので得意科目にでき、他の勉強に時間を回せることもできます。そのため高2の今の時期からコツコツとやり、3年になった時に古文にそこまで時間をかけなくてすむようにすると良いと思います。頑張ってください!\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文助動詞の覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"とにかく例文に触れることが1番です。\nしかし、持っている参考書だけでは例文が1つだけで足りないのではないでしょうか。\n\n\nかなりレベルを落として、基礎中の基礎レベルの市販の参考書をやりこんで、演習を積みましょう。\nとにかく、見る回数を増やすのです。\n\n\nまた、学校の教科書で扱われている文章も基本的な助動詞の活用が含まれており非常に有効です。しかし、答えや解説が授業でしか実施されず、全ての例文を扱うわけでもないので、やはり参考書を購入してとにかく見る回数を増やすべきだど思います。\n\n\n私は通塾していたので塾の参考書を使っており、参考書のオススメはできませんが、質問者さんと同じちょうどこの時期に本腰を入れ始め、春休み中には自信を持って基礎が完成したと言えるレベルにはなりました。\n\n\n参考書をやれば、助動詞だけでなく、頻出の助詞や動詞の活用も覚えられると思います。自分が思っている以上にレベルの低い参考書の方が効果的かと思います。\n\n\n参考にしてください!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古典長文を解いた後の品詞分解"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"共テのみ古文を使うのであれば、問題と絡みがあった場所、すなわち傍線部とか理由説明問題の該当箇所などは、丁寧に品詞分解及び現代語訳まで復習することを最低限やる必要があると思います。私が受験生の時に古文の先生が言っていたのは、二次とは違い、共テ古文は読む時に全部きっちり現代語訳に直しながら読む必要が無いということです。二次試験は文量が少なく、細かく問われるため必要ですが、共テはある程度大雑把に大まかな意味がとれているかを聞いているようです。ですから共テのみの場合、全部品詞分解やろうとしなくては良いと思います。ですが共テは難化する可能性もあるので、問題で問われていないところまでやっておく心配は無いと思います。品詞分解以外にやることとしては古文単語ですかね。文中あるいは問題で登場したがわからなかったという単語は、単語帳に印をつけておく必要があります。共テは単語帳の意味がわかっていれば大体文章の意味はわかりますし、問われる単語はだいたい決まっています。直前は印がついた箇所を重点的に復習すると効果的です。頑張ってください!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古典 覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"慶應の経済学部の者です。\nまず、単語の覚え方から。\n英単語と同じで反復が命です!何度も何度も触れましょう!\n助動詞の覚え方にも繋がる話ですが、ゴロで覚えると覚えやすいです。だから僕のオススメの古文単語張は『古文単語565』です。\nこの単語帳はゴロで古文単語を覚えるというものですが、非常に覚えやすいのでオススメです!\n\n次に助動詞。\n古文における助動詞って死ぬほど重要どすよね。だから特別にいい覚え方を教えちゃいます。\n助動詞にとって重要なことは3つあります。\n❶接続\n❷意味\n❸活用\n\n❷に関してはもう慣れで覚えるしかありません。\n❸も声に出して、リズムで覚えてしまいましょう。\n\n僕が教えるとっておきの方法は❶について。さっきの単語と同じですが、ゴロで覚えます。\n以下のゴロを声に出してよんで覚えちゃってください!\n\n▶︎未然形接続\nらますむさるまじしずむ\n\n▶︎連用形接続\nたけきっ(つ)たぬけ\n\n▶︎終止形接続\nなまべららむめい\n\n▶︎連体形接続\nなりたりごとし段段比的\n\n▶︎已然形接続\nさみしいりか\n\n\n各ゴロについて解説していくと、\n未然〜終止形のゴロはその形に接続する助動詞の頭文字がならんで文(笑?)を成しています。声に出して何度も読むと頭に残ります!(各文字がなんの助動詞を指しているかは自分で調べてください)\n連体形接続はそのまんまです笑!\nなり、たり、ごとし、は全て連体形接続で、それぞれ断定、断定、比況の意味を表します。\n已然形接続は『さみ』が『サ変変格活用の未然形』を指し、『しい』が四段活用動詞の已然形』を指していて、『り』が完了の助動詞『り』を、『か』は完了の『か』を表しています。\n\nどうですか?覚えれそうですか?\n僕もこの方法で覚えて受験を乗り切ったので、是非これで覚えてもらいたいです!\n\nえ?文字が被ってて、接続が紛らわしいやつはどうすればいいかって?\n文字が被っているのは『またなら(また奈良)』で個々で覚えましょう。これぐらいなら覚えられるはずです!\n\n僕が紹介できる方法はこんな感じです!\n古文の勉強の一助になればと思います!^ ^\n勉強頑張ってください!応援しています!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs","children":["慶應義塾大学経済学部"," ","kp"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文を解けるビジョンが浮かびません!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"勉強お疲れ様です!\n\n個人的に古文を読めるようになるためには主に3つの要素が必要だと思います\n\n\n○単語\n→長文を読んでいく中で意味を覚えるものもありますがなるべく色々な意味を覚えておきましょう!\n\n○文法\n→助動詞は1番大変だけど頻出だから夏休み中にマスターした方がいいです!(おすすめは河合塾のステップアップノート)\nあと敬語もなかなか面倒くさいですが早いうちに終わらせましょう!\n\n○古文常識\n→早稲田志望であれば背景知識や古文常識はやっておいた方が良いです👍マドンナ古文常識を使ってました!\n\nこの3つの要素が固まってからやっと長文が読めるようになると思います。初めのうちはあまり長い文章だときついので短い文章を品詞分解(これが動詞、これが助動詞など)しながら丁寧にやっておくといいです。\n\nまた、受けるかは別としてセンターの過去問は良問が多いので演習に使えると思います🙆‍♀️\n\n質問者さんの場合はまず何より文法を夏休み中に完璧にしましょう!英語より覚えることはだいぶ少ないのであまり怖がらないでください!\n\n暑くなりますが体調に気をつけて頑張ってください💪"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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