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19:T102f,こんにちは！お疲れさまです🌼

🍓古文漢文の解き方&読み方

まずは手順を説明します！
①設問チェック
本文を読む前に、まずは問題を見ましょう。何について問われているのかを知ることで、闇雲に読んでいくより効率が良いです！

そして、➀知識問題　➁文法問題　➂単語
の3種類の問題に関しては文章を読まずに解いてしまいましょう。完全に答えに辿り着けなくても、選択肢を切れたりすることはできることが多いです。
一度、ここで知識のみによる答えを出しておき、読み進めて傍線部がきたら、文脈的にも正しいのか再度確認します！

②リード文
文章を読み始める前にリード文があれば必ず読みましょう。人物関係や状況、答えをここから導く問題もあります。
登場人物が多い場合は、相関図を書くことをおすすめします！

③注釈確認
文章の最後の注釈にも様々なヒントが書かれていることが多いので先にサラッとで良いので確認しておきましょう！

④出典確認
まだ本文に入りません笑。出典を確認し、ジャンルを知りましょう！

⑤本文を読む

古文も漢文もこの手順です！🦭

🫐勉強方針

【古文】
古文の勉強の全体像をお話しします。

単語→文法→読解法→共テレベルの演習→常識→文学史→March早慶レベルの演習

という順番で勉強していきます！
単語の勉強はしていますか？英語と同様、古文もまずは「単語」からです！

単語帳は、『学校配布教材』または『古文単語ゴロゴプレミアム+』を使ってください！

文法は引き続き『八澤の古典文法』で付属の要点整理ミニブックを全て答えられるようにしましょう！

読解法も引き続き『八澤の古文読解』で付属の要点整理ミニブックを全て答えられるようにしましょう！そして、この参考書では、「人物を四角で囲む」だとか、「て、で、つつがきたら○で囲む」だとか具体的に何をすべきかが書いてあります。この作業を八澤を見なくてもできるようになる必要があります。

そこで八澤に書かれている読み方を再現できるようにするための練習として、『東進の古文レベル別問題集2』を行ってください！この参考書にも主語の識別方法や和歌の読み方など八澤に載っていたことが書かれているため、八澤の復習をしながら進めることが出来ます！

そして共通テストレベルの問題演習として『レベル別問題集3』を行います。

ここまでくれば後は時間との兼ね合いで何をして、何をしないのかを決めていきましょう。おすすめの参考書を書いておきます。

marchレベルの問題演習をしたい
→『古文レベル別問題集4』

早慶レベルの問題演習をしたい
→『古文レベル別問題集5』

古文常識を学びたい
→『マドンナ古文常識』

文学史を学びたい
『SPEED攻略10日間 文学史』

【漢文】
漢文の勉強はとてもシンプルです！

まずは『早覚え速答法』と並行して『ステップアップノート10』を行ってください！
早覚え速答法でインプットして、ステップアップノートでアウトプットします。単元ごとに交互に進めていってください！

2冊が終わったら、漢文にはあまり時間をかけたくないので、『共通テストの過去問』に入ってしまいましょう！

そして、漢文ありの大学・学部を受けたい場合は、march早慶レベルの演習として『旺文社の全レベル別問題集3』をおすすめします！

以上が古文漢文の解き方・読み方、そして今後の勉強方針になります🍍
頑張ってください！応援しています🌸1b:T1012,　こんにちは、tonaです。毎日の勉強お疲れ様です。

　共通テストの古文は年度でも多少差がありますが、レベル的にはそこまで高くないです。慣れもあるとは思いますが、そもそも基本の単語の知識がある程度必要です。なので、どうして点数を落としているかの分析が必要です。「古文上達」もサラッとやってできている、という状態なのであれば、もったいないので、それぞれの文章についてわからない単語や表現はないか、また問題についてなぜそういう解答なのか、というところまで分析していくと実力もつくので良いですよ。


　さて、ご質問にお答えしていこうと思います。当時は、センター試験でしたが、共通テストも実際解いてみると、古文・漢文は大きくは変わらないと思ったので、参考にはなると思います。

　まず、解き方。
　単語は本文を読みながら解いていきます。これは誰でも大抵一緒だと思います。全部15秒くらいで選べるのが理想です。基本を抑えていれば、悩むということはまずありませんので、ここができていないとなると、単語の勉強が足りていないことを意味します。
　他の問題は、私の場合読みながら解いていき、分からないものを後で解く、という形にしていました。最初このやり方でうまくいっていなかったのですが、慣れるとこれでスピードも正答率も上がりました。きちんと全体と場面ごとの流れを理解できれば、時間をかけずに解けると思います。あと、これが結構大事かもしれませんが、各選択肢のダメなところを探します。正解を選ぶ問題は、5つの選択肢のうち４つの選択肢に誤りがあるはずなので、それを選択肢を読んで探します。結構2つ残って悩むのですが、そこで傍線部の前後とかを精読します。

　次に解く順番。
　私の場合は、古文→漢文→現代文、という順番で古文・漢文は15分ずつ、現代文の2つは25分ずつ、を基本として、現代文のどちらかは20分で解けたので、そこで残った5分を見直しとしていました。
　ただ順番は本当に人によって変わるところもあるので、いろいろ試してしっくりくるのを探してみてください。


　ここからはお節介で参考書のことを書こうと思います。無視してくださっても構いません。

　基本が抜けていると感じたら、まずは「マドンナ古文」をやってみたください。基本事項の参考書的なものです。
　続けて、問題演習では「古文上達　基礎編」を既にやっていらっしゃるとは思うのでその復習と、新たに「得点奪取　古文」というものとおすすめです。同じくらいのレベルで問題にたくさん触れることができると思います。
　最後は古文単語でこれが1番大事です。300語くらい入っているものが良いです。持っていたらそれを何周もしましょう。私は「古文単語330」をおすすめします。これに載っているものを覚えていれば、問題を解く時にわからないことはありません。
　

　共通テストの古文は、解き方・順番も大切ですが、どちらかというと基本的な単語や文法事項をいかに覚えているかが勝負になります。テストのテクニック的なことを知りつつ、基礎を丁寧にやっていくのがベストかと思います。


　ここまで読んでいただきありがとうございます。この回答が慢心改善マンさんの今後の勉強の一助となれば幸いです。他に聞きたいことなどあればぜひコメントにお書きください。本番での成功を心より祈っております。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=yT5QbG8BTqPwDZPueEUJ","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"センター古典 30分"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",18,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"1/4 1:50"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"センター国語 時間配分"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"自分は、センターの国語の対策をめちゃめちゃしました！その結果、本番の結果は117点で、「直前の模試でとった170点はどこにいった！」って感じになりました😭ですから、できないやつの戯言だと思ってください😱\n\n自分の解く順番は、\n古典→漢文→評論→物語\nです。\nそして、自分は時間の目安は\n古典20分→漢文15分→評論20分→物語17分くらいが目安でした。\n足しても80分になりませんが、これは事故が起きたようです。\nそして、先ほどいった順番がオススメですね。\n単純に古典、漢文の方が解きやすい（らしい）です。\n\nそしてこの順番は大抵の受験生が解く順番なんですね。\nそうすると、例えば古典がムズカシくて、古典にたくさん時間をかけてしまい、全体的な点数が悪くなったとしても、他の受験生もそうなる可能性があります。\n逆に、評論がムズカシく、古典が簡単な時、\nもし評論→物語→古典→漢文の順でユッケさんが解いたとしたら、ユッケさんだけの点数が悪くなり、周りが高くなることが考えられます。\n分かりにくかったかもしれませんが、要は周りに合わせた方が無難なんですよ。\n\n時間短縮のためのコツとしては、\n【評論・物語】\n傍線部の前後からしかでないと思ってよい。つまり、全文読んでから解くのではなく、傍線部がでてきたらその前後を読んで解くべき。\n【古典・漢文】\n冒頭部分はじっくり正確に。その後は、斜め読みな感じで流れをしっかりおさえていく。傍線の前後はじっくり読む。\n\nこの辺だと思います。ほかにも解法のポイントはいくつかありますけど、時間についてはこれくらいです。何か質問あったら、またしてくださいね。\n\nまあ、「本番で117点のやつが調子乗るな！」と思ったら、全部無視してください笑\n（でも、模試前にめっちゃ特訓してそれなりの成果はあげているんで…ね笑）\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"センター古文漢文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"古典はとにかく文法です。助動詞、助詞、活用、敬語、和歌などの基礎知識があって初めて正確な読解のスタートラインに立てます。そこが固まっていないと点数のブレが大きくなり本番でめちゃくちゃ不安になります。\n\nまた、単語は毎日やってください。超重要語句だけでも良いので覚えてしまわないと問1で減点するのは本当にもったいないです。\n\n本来センター国語は古典で稼ぐのがセオリーですが現代文がそれだけ取れているのであれば間違いなく高得点狙えます！\n\n漢文も同様に文法と句法を完璧に覚える訓練をお勧めします。\n\nあと、2日に一年分では若干少ないです。解かなくても読むだけでも良いので教科書やワーク、模試の過去問等で日頃から古文に接する機会を作っていきましょう。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 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mb-1","children":"【古文漢文の復習の仕方】\n原文を見て、古文なら現代語訳・漢文なら書き下し文と現代語訳を書きます。\n解説の現代語訳と読み比べして、赤ペンで直します。\n\n＊古文\n古文単語が分かるのは大前提です。特に珍しい言葉が出ることはない・出ても文脈から推測できますので、古文単語帳でしっかり勉強してください。\n\n接続の仕方を捉えてください。\n順接なのか、因果関係があるのか、逆説なのかなどなど…たくさんの文章構成があります。この活用形だからこの接続になる、と根拠を持って答えられるようにしてください。設問になっていない部分を含め、すべての文章で徹底してください。\n\n尊敬の対象をはっきりさせてください。\n尊敬語に気を配り、登場人物たちの立場を明確にしましょう。\n\n時代背景（古文常識）が解説に乗っているのであれば熟読して、１つの物語として楽しめるくらいにまで自分に落とし込みましょう。\n\n＊漢文\n書き下し文ができるのは大前提です。スラスラ書けるまで練習しましょう。\nでも本番は、書き下し文にしてから解いたりしません。最終的には原文のまま大体の意味をつかめることを目標にしてください。\n\n具体的には、漢字の１つ１つの意味を確認してください。「也」だったら「なり」なのか「や」なのか。「や」ならどんな意味なのか、確認しましょう。詠嘆・提示・疑問反語・呼びかけ・強調…。簡単な例を挙げると、「也」の上を見ると、主語があるからこれは呼びかけの用法だな、というようにすべての文字に根拠を持つことができるまで勉強してください。\n\nそしてセンターで得点できないことがあるとのことなので、基本句形がまだまだ覚えられてないことと思います。基礎中の基礎なので絶対に覚えてください。\n\n全部できて完璧に訳せるようになったら、音読をします。無作為に選んだ一文をスラスラと読めて完璧に和訳ができるようになるまで繰り返します。\n\n勉強時間ですが、他の科目の状況と合わせて考えると国語の割合が少なすぎます。もっと時間を割いて良いと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"漢文　問題を解く流れ"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして！\n\n私なりの解き方をお伝えします。\n\nまず、かける時間としては最大15分です。\n順番は1番最初に漢文からやっていました。\nちなみに流れとしては漢文→古文→評論→小説です。\n\n評論と小説にできるだけ時間を割きたいので、漢文は悩んだり、迷ったりすることがあっても最大15分で、理想は12分くらいで終わらせるイメージです。\n\n解き方としては、まず文を読み、傍線部が出てきたらその箇所で問われている問題文を読み、また戻って改めて文を読んでから解くという感じです。\n\n後半は解釈系や読解の問題になりますので、最後まで文を読み終わったら、改めて意味を確認しながらもう一度読み直して、全体としての内容の流れや伝えたいことを把握します。そして、後半の読解問題を解くという流れです。\n\n二度手間、三度手間のような感じがしますが、私としてはこれで時間内に解き切れていましたし、効率が悪いと思ったことはありません。\n\n\n普段の勉強で意識していたこととしては、とにかく厳しい時間設定で練習するということです。過去問をやるにせよ、本番では15分以内ということですが、常に理想を追い求めて10分という時間設定で演習していました。制限時間を厳しくすると、本番さながら焦る気持ちを抑えながら解くことになりますし、悩むような設問があった時や、時間がない時にどれを選択するか、という場面において、完全に文の内容を理解したわけではないが、おそらくこれだ！という回答の正答率を高めるという、いわゆる勘を養うこともできるように感じました。\n\nこれはあくまで一例ですが、解き方などに悩んでいらっしゃるようですので、よかったら試してみてください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"私大の古文読解について。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まず、古文の全訳は不可能です。古文に精通している学者が長年時間をかけて研究して訳しているものを受験生が解答時間の中の数分で綺麗に訳すことは無理でしょう。その中で受験生が問題を解いていかなくてはなりません。\n･徹底的な文法、単語の繰り返しと定着\nこれがなければ何も始まりませんので今ある程度出来てても受験直前まで続けてください。\n･古文常識を知る\n当然昔の文章なので現代の常識で読み進めても理解は深まりません。古文常識は深くはやらなくてもいいのですが少しでも必ずやるべきです。\n･読解系の参考書をやる\n古文には日記や随筆や物語などのジャンルがあり、それぞれのジャンルによって読み方が異なります。(例えば日記は一人称視点のため主語の省略が多いなど)\n文法、単語が固まってきたら読解解説系の参考書を通して古文の読み方をやった方がいいと思います。\n･多くの文章に触れ必ず復習して読み直す\n結局量をやらないと古文は慣れないと思います。ただ多くこなすだけではなく、解き終わったら現代語訳と見比べながら必ず復習してください。(どれが主語か、わからない単語があるかなど)\n\n長々と書きましたがとりあえず文法単語の反復が何よりも優先で現時点では大丈夫だと思います。また古文よりも英語のほうが基本的に配点が大きいのであまり古文に時間を使いすぎないようにしてください。\n受験頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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