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19:Teab,こんにちは😃

現代文を解く上で最も大事なことはその文章が何を言いたいのかということを掴むことだと思います。
特に評論文などは筆者の主張が言葉を変えて、何回も登場してきます。だから、キーワードとなる語や繰り返し出てくる語にはチェックを付けて読んでいました。
また、二項対立で論じられている文章では一方の事柄については普通に線を引いて、もう一方の事柄については波線を引いていました。同じように筆者の中でプラスの事とマイナスの事も後から見て分かるように違うマークを付けて区別していました。共通テスト模試は時間制限も厳しく、丁寧な読解はなかなか厳しいですが、練習の中で主張の言い換えを見つけたり、対立軸を意識する事が大事になってくると思います。あと、当然ですが接続詞や文意を変えたりする表現には気をつけて読みましょう！
なので、現代文を解く上で身につける力としては、その文章の言いたいことをできるだけ早く見抜くことです。
なかなか難しいことですが、これに関しては問題演習をして経験値を積むしかないです。実際にペンを持って言葉と言葉をつなげたり、文章にマークや線を引く練習をしていくことが最初の内はベストだと思います。
とにかく、自分の中で筆者の意見や考えが分類できていることが分かり、整理されていれば大丈夫です🙆‍♂️
また、完璧に筆者の言いたいことが分からなくても全然オッケーです。あくまで、問題に正解することがやるべきことで、主張を理解するのはそのための足掛かりですから。

あと、選択肢を消す際に数字や記号のところを消すのではなく、間違っている箇所に印を付けるクセも大切です。一発で答えが出せる設問もありますが、共通テストレベルの問題でもイヤらしい問題が多く、その場合消去法でしか消せない時があり、わずかな違いが大切になってくるからです。
それから、質問者さんがどのような形で現代文を取り組んでるか分かりませんが設問を先に読んで問われることを先に分かっておくことは共通テストの現代文を速く解く秘訣だと思います。選択肢までは見ないですが、共通テスト特有の図表やグラフの問題は先に見ておくと結構すぐに解けることがあります。
最後に、私もいつもできたわけではないですが、自分と文の筆者、そして作問者の3者を問題を解く際に意識してました。なぜこの文章を大学側が出し、ここに傍線部を持ってきているのか、共通テストであれ、個別入試であれ国語という入学試験である以上必ず意味があるはずです。問題を作っている人の意図や大学側の伝えたいメッセージを考えながら俯瞰して読めことができるようになれば現代文に関しては大丈夫です。

現代文の読解は人それぞれなので私の読み方が必ずしも正しいとは限りませんが、是非参考にして下さい！

受けておいた方がいい模試に関しては河合塾の早慶レベル模試や代ゼミの早大入試プレなどです。
やはり冠模試は実際の受験者が多く受けるので、自分の立ち位置を知る上で非常に役に立ちます。

また、質問があればぜひ聞いてください！
1b:Td58,①恐らく、文章の構造を意識せずに読んでいることが原因だと思います。

これは現代文にも言えることですが、

筆者の主張
↓
具体例
↓
反論に対する筆者の意見
↓
結論

といったように論理展開がなされています。(一例です)

このような論理の展開を意識し、把握して読めば、いちいち本文に戻って確認する必要が少なくなります。

なぜなら、内容一致の設問の意図は「ここまでの文章を正しく読み取れているか？」なので、その大まかな論理展開が正しく把握できていれば、解けることが多いためです。(勿論、中には瑣末な事項があることは否定できませんが多くないと思います。)

②↑のような論理展開を把握するとわかりますが、具体例の部分はあまり重要ではありません。なぜなら、主張の部分を分かりやすく噛み砕いたのが具体例だからです。つまり、主張の部分で理解できれば、あまり具体例を深く読み込む必要はないわけです。

これが「読み飛ばして良い所」が存在する理由です。

例えば、早稲田だと具体的の部分に何かしらの実験の話をして、主張に根拠を添える場合がありますが、これは実験の概要と結果を抑えておけば十分です。

③これも文章の論理展開を把握すれば、おおかた解決すると思います。本文全体の趣旨を問う問題では、誤答の例として、

⑴本文とは逆の内容
⑵言い過ぎ
⑶本文には記載がない

といった誤答パターンが用意されています。少なくとも⑴と⑵は論理の展開を把握できていれば、何度も読み直すことなく見つけられますし、⑶に関してもあまりに瑣末な事項は問われないと思います。なぜなら、①で書いた通り、設問の意図は「ちゃんと文章を理解できているか？」だからです。その意図の上でどうでもいいこと(例えば筆者は50代ではなく、60代でした。など)を聞いても意味がないです。本文に記載がないといっても、文章の肝要な部分との関連がある記述のはずです。

・①〜③を纏めて
しかし、あまりに瑣末な事項を問う問題が無いとも言い切れません。ですが、これも論理展開が把握できていれば大丈夫です。というのも、その話のあるorなしが分からなくても、「大体2個目の具体例の所あたりの話だな」というように大体どこら辺に書いてあったかを特定できるはずだからです。それだけで大幅な時間短縮になると思います。

・最後に
上記を意識しつつ、時間を測らずに解いてみて正答率を出しましょう。それで正答率が上がるのであれば、論理の展開を把握する力はあるので、後は過去問でそれを素早く解く訓練をするだけです。

仮に正答率が上がらない場合は、論理展開を把握する力が十分ではないので、あまりスピードに捉われずゆっくりでいいので論理展開を把握する訓練を過去問などでやりましょう。

以上です。不明点あれば追加でください！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=vusr4vtpGLsqZcUh","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"選択肢の吟味"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",2,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"4/30 16:37"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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p-4","children":"コメントで回答者に感謝を伝えましょう！相談者以外も投稿できます。"}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/vusr4vtpGLsqZcUh","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"選択肢の吟味"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"可能性としては3つあります\n\n1.そもそも本文が読めていない(この可能性が一番高いと思います)\n\n・本文の情景が想像できていない\n・論と例の整理ができていない\n・ と-が掴めていない\n・筆者の主張が掴めていない\n\n2.問題文の意味が把握できていない\n\n・聞かれているのが何についてなのかを正確に理解できていない\n\n3.単純に慣れの問題\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"何回か読まないとと意味が取れない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"初めまして\n\n解決策:そのままで大丈夫です というか一通り文を読み終えてから解くのは避けた方が良いです\n\nまず、問題の最後に内容一致問題がある場合\n特に選択肢が英語のものは、高い確率で本文の流れと選択肢の順番はリンクしてるので、内容一致問題なのでもちろん間違った部分もありますが、話題は掴めるので、まず1つ目の選択肢を読んで、その正誤を確認するために本文を読む、わかったら、次の選択肢の最後を確かめるために読む、、というのを続け、その間に傍線などあればその都度問いに答えるのが、長文演習では有効です \n\nまた、入試問題、問題集の長文は基本的に英語のサイトや記事から持ってきています つまり、書き手が伝えたいことは結局1つなのですが、記事として載せている以上、読者に読み物としてクオリティのあるものを作る必要があるため、その主張を支える例示、対比、理由などが細やかに書かれているので、英語を学習中の僕たちには複雑に感じてしまうことがあるのです\n\nなんで、各パラグラフ(段落)ごとに言いたいことも1つ(.主張、テーマ、理由、例示、対比など)なので、そのパラグラフの役割を考えれば、途中でわからない文が出てきても\nこれらは、非常に多くの場合パラグラフの先頭か末にあるので、そこから判断できます(例えばThere are three reasons.とくれば自明にそのパラグラフは理由について書かれていますね 考えてみれば当たり前のことしかないので、それを意識すればいいだけです)\n\n「このパラグラフは◯◯のいいことを言ってるんだからネガティヴな内容じゃねえだろうな」\nくらいの感覚で進んで構わないので \nこれだけで大分見通しがよくなるとおもいます\n\nゆーてこういうこと言いたいだけでしょハイハイわかってるんやで🤚くらいの余裕で文章読めれば、内容の概略把握はしやすくなります\n\n問の根拠となる部分は精読するべきですけどね！\nそのために、問いに関係しそうな箇所、前述のパラグラフの役割を明示している箇所はバンバンにマークして見直したときにそこだけみれば良いという状況にするのがベストです\n\nという感じです、残りの受験勉強も頑張ってください🙏\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs","children":["早稲田大学先進理工学部"," ","エムジェー"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"選択肢が多い時の内容一致"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"効率的かは分かりませんが私がやってた方法をお教えしますね。社学の英語で7,8割は取れていたのである程度参考になると思います。私はある程度キリのいいところまで本文を読んで選択肢を見て、というのを繰り返していました。例えば、選択肢が8個あったとして、まず2段落まで読むとします。そしたら一旦選択肢に目を移します。すると2段落までの話には明らかに関係のない選択肢がすぐ分かると思いますので、いったんそれらの選択肢を外します。そしたら残った選択肢の中から正しい選択肢を選びます(もちろん正しいものがない時もあります)。これを繰り返していきます。次にまた選択肢を吟味する時には、1回目で吟味した選択肢をすぐに外せることが多い(一回目で吟味した選択肢に関する話はもう終わってることが多いため)ので、ある程度の効率は確保できると思います。説明が分かりにくくなってしまいましたので分からない点があればコメントしてくれればすぐ反応します。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文が読めなくなった"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"私は理系ですが、現代文が非常に得意で、模試などでも偏差値60は切ったことがほとんどありませんでした。本番で現代文を使った東京大学でも51/80という高得点(普通は35点くらい取れば良い)を出せました。\nこれは、倫理、政治・経済を選択しており、背景知識があったからだと思います。(特に倫理)\n背景知識をつけるには、過去問の解説を読んだり、現代文キーワード(駿台や河合塾が出してるもので良いです)やそれこそ倫理や政治経済の教科書を理解するのが良いと思います。ただし、暗記しては意味がありません。始めはなんとなくでも良いから、暗記ではなく理解をしてください。\n背景知識があれば、選択肢も論外なものを選びやすくなりますし、たまに問題の長文を読まなくても解けることさえあります。更に、現代文や英語の長文が面白く感じるようになります。(少なくとも私はそうでした)\n国語は努力しても身に付かないというのは嘘です。\nただ、小さくてもコツコツやる必要があります。短期間に努力してもあまり成果は上がらないので、根気を保って努力しなければなりません。\nしかし、内容も楽しんで読めるようになれば、努力も苦ではなくなりますし、今後の人生も豊かになるでしょう。\n是非頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"内容一致が本当にできない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"$1b"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs","children":["早稲田大学商学部"," ","やかやかさん"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"文と文の繋がりとかが分からない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"お疲れ様です‼️はじめまして、私の回答が少しでもあなたの力になればと思いコメントさせてもらいます。\n\n今回は実践というよりも勉強の段階から意識する点をお話しますり\n\n(1)速読というものを見誤っている\n(2)論理的読解力がついていない\n\n\n(1)\n速読をただ文章を速く読むことだと思っていませんか？\n速読力とは、どこを重点的に読んでどこを流しながら読むのか判断できる力のことをいいます。\n文章、段落の主張となっている文、設問に関係している文は正確に読み、関係ないところはサッと目を通すだけと判断できれば1発で主張を掴み問題に取り掛かれます。\nつまりは速さではなく強弱と言った方がいいでしょう。\n\n(2)\n受験における論理的読解とは、文章の構成を理解し内容がわかることをいいます。また、構成を理解しているならば自分で内容を予測できる力とも言えます。\nex\n1段落目は一般論、導入、逆説してから主張、簡単な理由。\n2段落目で例や意見。\n3段落目で逆説や反対意見、例。\n4段落目でそれに対する意見や反論、データ。\n5段落目で主張の反復。\nといったくらいに受験の長文は綺麗な構成になっています。\n\n練習の段階で1度ゆっくり読んで、段落ごとに要約、そして役割を書き出してください。また、その役割を示す単語にも注意してください。(ディスコースマーカー)\n\n例えば、ButやHoweverの前後をみると、前には一般論、後ろには主張が来るとこが多いです。(特に大文字Butはほぼそう)\n\nというのも逆説をつかう利点は説得性を上げるためにあります。1度一般的な意見、みんなが信じ込んでいることを否定することで説得力を上げています。\n\n速読と関連しますが、あまり重要でないところ、速く読むところは主張のあとの具体例やデータのことが多いです。というのも始めから言いたいことを言っているで、具体例はその補足にすぎません。\n\n\n▶️まとめると、論理的読解力をつける為に普段の問題演習から段落の役割を意識して読む。その段落の役割が分かるようになればどこが重要なのかもわかるので読むスピードが上がる。\n\n\n論理的読解力について大雑把に説明しましたがやればやる程この読み方が圧倒的であることが分かります。本当は詳しく説明したいので興味がありましたら是非メッセージお待ちしております。\nそれでは頑張りましょう‼️"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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2.89-3.14 5.74-7.9 10.05z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs mr-2","children":3}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs rounded-lg border border-text px-4","children":"英語"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-caption w-20 h-20 rounded-sm overflow-hidden","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"w-full h-full 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語長文を何となくでしか読めず、成績が伸びない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まず、精読する価値がある文かどうかを文章の文脈的に判断が必要だと思います\n必要な時もあります 出来るだけ素早く正確な精読をする練習も必要でしょう\n長文は文のつながりを意識しながら、抽象具体での読む速度の緩急を使えば容量がつかめてくると思います\n\n空所補充は文脈判断と完全文法問題かのどちらかです\n文脈判断では前文までの文のつながりや、接続詞の論理関係、プラスかマイナスなどが狙われます\n文法問題は知識か、解釈が必要な問題です \n長文は問題を先に読むのも手です 設問だけでも良い、また選択肢まで読むのも一つの手\nただ、選択肢まで読む場合は軽くで良いです 嘘の選択肢が多く混ざっているので、大体の長文の内容を推測する助けに利用する程度です"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"選択肢 2個まで絞って間違える"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文の選択肢の選び方\n\n①文章を一通り読んで、話の流れを頭に入れる\n\n②問題文を読み、加線部とそれに関係するところをもう一度読む。\n\n③その問題に対する解答を自分で頭の中でつくる\n(大体で良い。どういう要素が必要かを考えておく)\n\n④選択肢から明らかに違うものは消す。(①の話の流れに沿わないものや③で考えた必要な要素がないものなど)\n良いと思うものには○を、間違いではないと思うが微妙と思うものには△をつける。\nこの時、どういうところが○でどういうところが△なのか明記しておくこと。\n\n⑤○と△をつけたものに関して、④でチェックをつけたところを本文と照らし合わせてもう一度精査。\n大事なのは「本文中から」解答の根拠を見つけること。\nより根拠が明確、あるいは本文中と論理的に明確なつながりがあるものを選ぶ。\n\n\n※これをやっても答えが定まらない時は、④で消したものももう一度見直してみること。\n\n以上です。\n質問者さんはおそらくほぼ出来ていると思うので、特に④、⑤を気をつけるといいと思います。\n全体的に合ってるものというのは、とても曖昧なものなので、きっちり根拠を見つけましょう。\n\n参考になれば幸いです。\n頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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