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19:Tda6,はじめまして。
単語についてです。これはセンターも京大の二次もそうなんですが、単語帳の内容丸暗記はあまり通用しなくなってきています。センターだとよく単語帳の赤字になっている意味で間違いの選択肢を作り、単語帳にあまり載っていない表現で正解の選択肢を作る年があります。なので単語帳の丸暗記だと騙させてしまう。二次はもっとシンプルで、一体一の表現で覚えていると綺麗な日本語を紡げなくて苦労します。どうすればいいかと言うと、言葉のコアになる部分(本質)をイメージとして理解することが大切です。古文単語の語幹とイメージは互換性があるので意外と効率よく覚えられます。そのようなこともあり、マドンナは分からないですが、ゴロゴは私はあまりおすすめしません。初学者の取っ掛りとしてはいいと思いますが、少なくとも京大を目指す人が使う単語帳としてはあまりにも不十分過ぎると思います。そこで私が使った単語帳を紹介します。｢解法古文単語350｣。私が通っていた予備校の講師が出している単語帳で、本質的なイメージはもちろん、その単語が用いられる構文、設問＆解答パターンが網羅されており、付録で古文常識が記載されています。とても盛り沢山な単語帳です。これめちゃくちゃおすすめです。
文法について。言うことは一つ、助動詞と敬語を押さえろ、です。古文は文脈が命です。よく問題集で｢文脈判断により答えはこれ｣みたいな質の悪い解説を見かけますが、正直古文は文脈が分かればほとんど解けます。具体的には和訳と状況の因果関係です。問題なのはどうやって文脈を判断するか。その手がかりになるのが助動詞と敬語です。助動詞によって、その述語部分の状況が分かります。敬語によって、その主体が分かります。この作業繰り返して、和訳・状況の因果関係を把握し、文脈を押さえていきます。おすすめの参考書等は特にないですが、一覧表と識別方法が載っているのにしてください(むしろ載っていない方が少ないかも)。
読解について。センターだったら単語と文法が出来ていれば特に対策はいらないと思います。二次にはその2つに加えて構文や古文常識が必要になることが出てきます。この単語が出た時はこの要素とこの要素が必要になってくる(ないと状況がわかりにくくて減点対象になりうる)、この行動にはこのような背景があるなどなど。対策としては、上述した｢解法古文単語350｣で充分網羅できます(だからこそ私がこんなにも推している笑)！
色々書きましたが、高2の段階でそこまで高い意識で古文を対策しようとしているだけで十分な対策は出来ると思います。単語→文法→読解の順で時間がかかるので、あまり古文に重しを起きたくないor思いの外負担になるようだったら、この順番で手をつけ始めるとよいと思います。読解は1ヶ月くらいあれば対応できます。頑張ってください！1b:Td9b,　こんにちは、tonaです。勉強は大体どの科目でも基礎をおろそかにせず、問題演習を繰り返すことが大切で、もちろん古文も同じです。最初の方はできないことも多いかと思いますが、諦めず勉強を続けてみてください。ある程度時間をかけることで解決されることもあるかと思います。1)勉強の進め方、2)参考書についてを書いていきます。
　
1)勉強の進め方
　最初は単語と文法の勉強です。これらをおろそかにしていると、いつまで経ってもできるようになりません。
　次に、問題演習が大切になります。文章を読めるようにすることと古文でよく聞かれる問題を知ることから始め、きちんと正解できるまでにしていきます。その後文章のレベル、問題のレベルを上げていきます。
　その中で単語や文法で処理できない問題などが出てきます。それらは背景となる古文常識などと呼ばれるものが必要になり、その作品が書かれた背景や作者についての古文常識があるとすんなり解けます。これらは問題集などの解説についているので、そこで学んでいけば良いかと思います。
　これらが順調に完成すると、どんな文章でも大抵は読むことができ、問題も解けるようになると思います。分からない単語が出てきたとしても文脈で理解することができるようになっていきますので、基礎をしっかりやることは常に意識してください。


2)参考書について
　古文単語の参考書は300語くらい入っているものが良いです。持っていたらそれを何周もしましょう。私は『古文単語330』をおすすめしますが、ネットでの評判を見ていると『マドンナ古文単語』も良いと思います。これも実際には300語以上入っているので問題ないです。これらに載っているものを覚えていれば、基本的に問題を解く時に必要な単語として足ります。
　基本の文法が足りないと感じたら、まずは『マドンナ古文』をやってみてください。基本事項の参考書的なものです。また、文章を読みながら文法を学ぶのであれば『ステップアップノート』もおすすめです。あまり時間をかけずに進めることが可能なので、最初でやるには気楽だと思います。
　問題演習では『古文上達　基礎編読解と演習45』とその復習をやるのが良いかと思います。その後『古文上達 読解と演習56』をやっていくのはレベル的に良いかと思います。最終的に私立レベルの問題に対応するために『有名私大古文演習』や『首都圏難関私大古文演習』までできていれば、過去問なども解き進められ、古文で困ることはないかと思います。


　ここまで読んでいただきありがとうごさいます。私の受験期と予備校に関わっていた時期の知識をたどって回答したので、不足していることもあるかと思います。他に聞きたいことなどありましたらコメントしてください。この回答がAさんの今後の勉強の一助となれば幸いです。頑張ってください！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=uVtULmIBp00JfyF5H6iw","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"古典常識マドンナの使い方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",20,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"3/16 19:21"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"平岡樹","infoString":"高2 兵庫県 早稲田大学志望","adviceId":"uVtULmIBp00JfyF5H6iw"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"古典常識マドンナの使い方に悩んでいます。\n単語の状況は、ゴロゴのゴロになってる部分を覚えたので、フォーミュラ600に取りくでいます。\n文法の状況は、ステップアップノート30という参考書を上下(赤青)両方終わらせ、基礎的な部分は身についています。\n\n古典常識を身につけるには、マドンナ古典常識をどのように取り組めばいいでしょうか。辞書的に使うのか、何周も読み続けるのか、索引欄で一気に覚えきるのがいいか、どれがおすすめですか？"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"田中太郎","adviserDepartment":"東京大学文科三類","adviceId":"uVtULmIBp00JfyF5H6iw"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"まずは1度通読しましょう。エピソードなども交えてやわらかな語り口で語られてるため、1度の通読でも記憶にひっこかるものは多いです。古文常識は明確に暗記が必要と言うよりも、読んでいてそう言えば古文のせかいではこうだったな、くらいに思い出せれば十分ですから、短期間な複数回読み込んでしっかり定着させる必要はあまりありません。2度目以降は普段の演習や学校の授業において辞書的に使うといいと思います。\nそうは言っても長期間触れずにいると流石に忘れてしまいますから、たまに息抜き的に目を通すのもありだと思います、読み物としても面白いですから。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"田中太郎","adviserDepartment":"東京大学文科三類","adviceId":"uVtULmIBp00JfyF5H6iw","numberOfFan":38,"clipsAvg":13.576923076923077,"adviceRateAvg":3.933333333333333,"profile":"新一年生です！東大受験時のノウハウをお伝えします！\nセンター得点率93パーセント超え、早稲田政経、法など併願合格しています。\n受験科目は英語、数学、国語、日本史、地理、物理基礎、化学基礎です。\n"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まず古文単語の覚え方についてですが、基本的にはある古文単語に対して、それの一番頻出の現代語訳を覚えるという形で何周か繰り返し、一通り覚えたら派生語なども覚えていくと良いかと思います。この時注意すべきことは2つあります。1つは必ず覚えていることをテストで確かめることです。テストといっても、ある単語に対して現代語訳が何か何も見ずに思い出すという簡単なものです。タイミングについてはお任せしますが、例えばインプットした次の日とか、1週間、1カ月経ったあとなどがいいかと思います。2つ目は回転率を上げることです。何度も繰り返し覚えることで記憶は定着します。最初は時間が多少かかるかもしれませんが、なるべく1単語にかける時間は少なくして、単語帳を何周もするようにしましょう。何周もしているうちにやり方にもよりますが、1日の中で1周できるくらいにはなってきます。以上が注意点になります。ちなみに単語帳については、自分はゴロゴ(語呂で覚えたものはあまりなかったですが…)を使っていましたが、基本的になんでもいいです。好きなもので勉強してください。\n次に単語と文法を終わらせた後に取り組むべき参考書についてですが、『古文解釈の方法』という参考書をおすすめします。(主観になってしまいますが、個人的には自分が受験において1、2位を争うほど役に立った参考書でした。)この参考書は単語や文法を終わらせても実際に文章を読むとなるとイマイチ理解できないという方には特におすすめです。英語ではよく英文解釈の参考書をやる人が多いのですが、古文ではなぜかそのような参考書があまりなく、このプロセスを飛ばして実際の問題に取り組む人が多いのですが、個人的にこの参考書はその溝を埋めてくれる非常に大事な立ち位置にあると思います。ぜひ参考にしてみてください。また、この参考書は問題演習用ではないので、この参考書や文法などを実践的にアウトプットするための参考書として、『古文上達56』などの問題集をおすすめします。これは自分に合ったものを選んで頂ければと思います。\n最後になりますが、古文常識もできれば知っておくと便利です。参考書としては『マドンナ古文常識217』をおすすめします。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"単語数"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"京大志望なら古文は文理問わず古文は必要です。今のところの傾向では国語の大問Ⅲが古文(ところどころで漢文が入ってくる)となっています。京大の古文は文理の差は文の長さしかありません。理系と文系の難度に大きな差はありません。理系であってもしっかり古文を勉強しないと解けません。\n\nマドンナ単語帳を完璧に仕上げたなら、まだ高2なら別にやってもいいと思います。被っている単語もあるので1冊目ほどはしんどくありません。しかし、他にもいい単語帳があるのでは？と思います。ゴロで覚えちゃうと単語のイメージがつかないんじゃないかなーと思います。\n\nセンターは単語で選択肢を切る場合があります。単語はちゃんと覚えておきましょう。またセンターで満点を取るならどうやって選択肢を選ぶのか、切るのかを練習しておきましょう。\n\n二次で古文を使うなら文法を理解し、逐語訳を作る練習、逐語訳に理解を肉付けして訳する練習、また和歌の訳を練習しておきましょう。和歌は古文で感情が高まる部分です。情と景の訳し方や見立て等々に慣れておきましょう。\n\n頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文単語の覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"私は解説を読みながら覚えていました！たんごちょうによりますが、現代のこと、言葉と絡めて解説されていることも多く、そっちの方が頭に入ってきやすかったです。\n\nあとオススメの方法としては、感情に関することならその気持ちになりきりながら、それ以外ならその事柄を想像しながら覚えることです。\n辛い感情なら辛い感情になりきってその単語を書き出したり声に出したりしてください。\nそうすることでもしその単語がうるおぼえでも、それがマイナスの感情であるかプラスの感情であるかぐらいはわかるようになります。そうすることでかなり文章も読みやすくなるはずです。\nまだまだ先は長いですから今のうちに1発で覚えるつもりなら解説を読みながら覚えた方がいいと思います！\n応援しています、頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"単語が覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんばんは！\n\n古文単語の暗記、僕もけっこー悩みました💦\n\n語呂が自分に向かないというのも分かります。\n\n\nでも、あることをきっかけに覚えられるようになりました。\n\nその方法を教えたいと思います。\n\n\n\nまず、英単語の暗記と古文単語の暗記の違いですが、\n\n英語は双方向の暗記(英語→日本語、日本語→英語)が必要なのに対して\n\n古文は古文単語→現代語訳、という「一方通行の暗記」だけでよい\n\nという点で大きく違います。\n\n\nこの特性上、英語は一つ一つの英単語を「自分のものにする」という言い方がしっくりくるように思います。\n\nでも、古文にその必要はないんです。\n\n\n一方通行の古文に適した勉強法はずばり「量をこなし、慣れる」ことです。\n\nそれも、ただ単語帳を多く見るというもの、多くの文に慣れるというものではありません。\n\n\n「分からなかった単語を含む節を集め、反復学習を行う」というものです。\n\n\n\n「reminDO」というアプリがあります。このアプリは単語帳として利用できますが、他のアプリと違い、効果的な周期で自動で反復学習できるようになっています。\n\n僕の場合はこのアプリを活用していました。\n\n\n例えば、\n\n表:さるべき縁のいささかありて\n裏:そうなる運命の前世からの因縁がちょっとあって\n\nといった具合です。\n\n\nこのようにして、電車のスキマ時間などを使って反復学習していけば古文単語を覚えられるようになると思います。\n\nもちろん古文に限らず他の教科も活用できます。\n\n\n\nまとめると、\n\n「一方通行の古文単語は節単位で反復学習！」"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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