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1a:T113f,初めまして。2024年度入試で慶應商学部A方式に合格した者です。自己採点では150〜160点(200点満点)ぐらいでした。慶應は学部ごとに問題が違うので法学部の英語に関しては把握していませんが、英語は透視図や、やっておきたい1000ぐらいまではやっていたので参考になれば幸いです。

結論から言うと、英語を英語のまま理解して読んでいました。これに関しては感覚の側面が大きいため上手く伝えられるか分かりませんが、私は英文解釈→長文読解の移行期でこの感覚が身につきました。まず、解釈の段階では英文を和訳して勉強していました。理由としては構文がしっかり取れているかの確認がしやすいからです。そして、長文読解は学習初期では解釈の復習も兼ねて塊ごとに区切って読んでいましたが、慣れてくると英文のまま理解できるようになりました。

英文のまま理解するかについては個人差がありますが、周りで英語が得意だった人は皆そうしていた印象です。一方で塾講師の方には和訳しながら読むのが良いと言う方もいます。しかし、個人的な意見として、慣れるまでは和訳しながら読んで、慣れてきたら英文のまま読めるようにしたほうが良いと思います。理由としては、近年、入試英語長文の語数が増加傾向にあることが挙げられます。共通テストにも言えることですが、慶應の英語は試験時間に対して長文の語数が多く、いちいち訳して読んでいたのでは解き終わらないと思います。私自身、読解速度が遅い方だとは思いませんが、英文のまま理解して読んでも慶應の入試本番は見直し含め10分弱しか余りませんでした。

次に、どうしたら英文のまま理解できるかについてですが、やはり慣れだと思います。私は大学でも英文を読む機会は多いですが、ほとんど構文を意識せず読んでいます。しかしそう言われても困ると思いますので、私なりの考えを書きます。

いわゆる英文のまま理解できる人は、次にくる内容を瞬時に予測して読んでいるのだと思います。例えば、名詞の後にwhichがきたらその名詞の説明が続くな、という感じです。このぐらいであれば質問者さんも自然とやっている可能性が高いと思うので、あくまで例です。この「瞬時に、自然と」の解釈がどのような文章でもできるようになると、英文のまま理解できるようになる、という考えです。

さらに、そういう人たちは単語や熟語のイメージをもっているのだと思います。例えば、Howeverであれば逆説表現の典型ですが、Howeverの字面で逆説という概念を捉える感じです。つまり、However→しかしながら、という風にいちいち直さずに、イメージとして捉えます。質問者さんがこのようにイメージで捉えるということを意識しているかは分かりませんが、これが自然に出来るようになり、先ほどの解釈もできるようになれば、頭の中で和訳する必要はなくなります。

ここまで書いてきましたが、以上のことを実践するには、まず前提として単語や文法、構文解釈のしっかりとした素地が必要です。そこはもう一度不備がないか確認してください。

練習についてですが、速読英語必修編は私も使用経験があり、多読に最適です。先ほどの2点のイメージを掴むには、速単の文章を意識せず読めるようにすることが近道だと思います。ぜひ使い倒してください。

最後に、逐一和訳するのは京大の難しい和訳問題などには有効ですが、語数が増加傾向にある近年の読解問題では英文のまま理解する読み方を強くお勧めします。頑張って慣れるようにしてみてください。


以上となりますが、お役に立てれば嬉しいです。質問などあれば遠慮なくお願いします。頑張ってください！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=s1CEYnwBTqPwDZPuisFk","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"慶應文学部英語の下線部和訳について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",1,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"10/9 9:47"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"Nuno","infoString":"高卒 埼玉県 慶應義塾大学文学部(65)志望","adviceId":"s1CEYnwBTqPwDZPuisFk"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"下線部和訳に出てくる代名詞は具体的に何を差しているかを訳出すべきなのでしょうか\n\nそのまま訳して点がもらえるのであれば国語力を試す英語と大学側が宣言しているにしては簡単な気がしてしまっています\n\n採点基準や体験談など少しでもご存知であればお教え願えますでしょうか"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_6B2A63C8E8F24ED8BFCE81731984E19A.jpg?alt=media&token=619f12b0-d6ad-4f2a-9a43-a24ad057ff50","adviserName":"なおさん","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学法学部","adviceId":"s1CEYnwBTqPwDZPuisFk"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"代名詞は基本既出のものを指します。ただ、状況のitや双方認知のものには使わないので、注意点はその辺ですね。代名詞もひたすら文脈依存なので、代名詞がどこからどこまでを指すのかは文脈により決定されます。\n\n\n文の英語は難しくないです。あれは、どれだけ理解できるかだとおもうんですよね。だから簡単な和訳をそのまま訳せば落ちるんですよね。なんであんな簡単な文で辞書持ち込み可なのか？それはズバリ辞書に載っていない意味が答えになるからなんですね。\n\n僕はかなり意訳しました。普通に直訳は落ちます。なので、読み込む力をつけましょう。英語を英語で理解する力が特に要ります。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_6B2A63C8E8F24ED8BFCE81731984E19A.jpg?alt=media&token=619f12b0-d6ad-4f2a-9a43-a24ad057ff50","adviserName":"なおさん","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学法学部","adviceId":"s1CEYnwBTqPwDZPuisFk","numberOfFan":92,"clipsAvg":11.583333333333334,"adviceRateAvg":4.590643274853801,"profile":"パートナーさん受け付けてます！！一緒に頑張りましょう！！\n\n早慶を受けました。行かなかった受験以外落ちてないです。\n英語と日本史オタクです。慶應の入試が得意です。\n強豪校で野球ずっとやってました。スポーツ推薦で行く気だったので5文型も知らない状態で高3の9月から受験勉強を始める（偏差値40）非効率な勉強により撃沈。\n心機一転、浪人しました。かと言って真面目に何時間も勉強することなく1日6時間程。海外ドラマにハマってました笑笑\nそれでも勉強嫌いから効率を求めまくり、脳の仕組み等や、記憶テクニックを使い、第一志望に合格。現在に至ります。\n\n浪人時の成績は（河合記述偏差値）ave.\n日本史　78\n英語　　76\n国語       72\n小論文　早慶オープン4位\n旧帝の模試複数でもA判定いただきました！\n"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L17",null,{"id":"adsbygoogle-init-under-advice"}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":["コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","$L18",null,{"adviceId":"s1CEYnwBTqPwDZPuisFk"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs p-4","children":"コメントで回答者に感謝を伝えましょう！相談者以外も投稿できます。"}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/7U9jH3oBTqPwDZPuqGy0","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"慶應文学部の英語"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"文学部の特長からお話ししますね。\n文の英語は難しくないです。あれは、どれだけ理解できるかだとおもうんですよね。だから簡単な和訳をそのまま訳せば落ちるんですよね。なんであんな簡単な文で辞書持ち込み可なのか？それはズバリ辞書に載っていない意味が答えになるからなんですね。\n\n僕はかなり意訳しました。普通に直訳は落ちます。なので、読み込む力をつけましょう。英語を英語で理解する力が特に要ります。\n\nてことで、日頃から英英辞書を使うようにしてください。英単語の本当の意味が分かると、そこらの受験生は知らない上手い訳ができます。\n\nあとは要約。文は英語だけでなく、小論文でも要約力が鍵になります。これは慶文に加えて東大の過去問がいいですね。\n\n最終的には精読の極意という参考書がいいでしょう。こちらがしっかり落とし込めれば英語ではまず負けません。ただ、難易度がかなり高いので成績と要相談ですね。　　　　\n\n僕は和訳は京大のを結構やりましたね。難しいですが読解力にいいですね。あとは慶医の問題もやりました。これ少し古い問題がオススメです。\n\nただ、文に似たような問題は少ないですね。なので慶文の過去問と参考書が軸でいいかなと。\n\nあと辞書引く練習しときましょ\n僕は本番2日前に辞書買って、当日初めて引いたら大分テンパったので笑笑"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語 和訳"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"多くの場合、和訳の出題の意図は、\n①文構造が理解出来ているか\n②指示語の内容が理解出来ているか（「指示語をの内容を明らかにせよ」とあった場合）\n③文章の流れから、適切な和訳が導き出せるか（例えば、meansを意味と訳すか、手段と訳すか等）\nを問うことです。これらが理解出来ていることを採点者にはっきりと示せるように訳しましょう。\n\n⑴まずは和訳を指定された文だけ、丁寧に文構造の分析をしましょう。\n\n主語、動詞、補語、目的語を探す\n↓\n残りの修飾語句は意味のかたまりごとに括弧でくくる\n↓\n修飾語句がそれぞれどの語を修飾しているか見極める\n（指示語の内容が問われていれば、それも確認します。）\n\n⑵分析が出来たら、和訳をします。\n初めに主語を訳し、その後は文の後方から訳すと大抵上手くいきます。\nその際、従属節（副詞節）→主節、修飾語句→被修飾語句の順番を守りましょう。（例外あり）\n\n⑶最後に、訳出し忘れた部分がないか確認します。ガタガタな日本語になっていないかも確認しましょう。\n\n以上が基本です。\n\n例外パターンとして、\n・無生物主語の文\n    第一目的語（人称であることが多め）が主語にして訳す\n     ※論理関係が変わらないよう注意\n・関係詞節が長すぎる文\n    主文と関係詞節の文の２文に分けて訳す\n    関係詞節の文には、関係詞の指している先行詞を当てはめて訳す（上手いことやってください）\n・短すぎる文\n    SVOCや文の要素が明らかに抜けている文、短くてそれ単体ではほとんど内容の無い文、抽象度が高すぎる文、日本語にしても意味が通らない文などは、それまでの文章や文脈から言葉を補う必要がある場合がある\n\nなどがあります。が、この辺りにはあまり神経質にならなくて大丈夫です。\n\n以上です。これで、大体の和訳問題は解けるのではないでしょうか。慶應文の和訳問題は、抽象的な単語の意味を掴むのが難しかった印象です（違っていたらすみません）が、無理して美しい和訳をしようとせず、まずは基本を押さえることを念頭に置いてください。\n\n長文失礼いたしました。分からないところがあれば、質問してください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs","children":["慶應義塾大学法学部"," 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"慶應文学部の英語について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"要は要約問題ですね。\n\nただ書いてあることを羅列するのは危険です。辞書持ち込みがこのことを示すように。内容をしっかり読み取れれば英語でかなり差がつきます。\n\n解法\n1.main ideaと各パラグラフの内容をとりあえずまとめる。\n2.字数オーバーするので、問いと直接関係ないとこは削る。\n3.無駄な言葉、同じことは省く。\n\nこれで、簡潔な内容に内容を示すことができます。さらに直接書かれていないことを含めると打ち抜けますが、慣れるまではやらなくて大丈夫です🙆‍♂️\n\n〉大事なこと！〈\n問題に対応させることです。基本的に問題が抽象を示すなら、解答で具体化させる。内容を示せなら必ずその内容のとこから引っ張る。余計なことは書かない。\n\n対策\n東大の過去問オススメですよ！\n僕はまとめる系の問題では東大結構使いました。\nあとは、読解力ですね。今年の問題は簡単でしたけど、年によって解釈しづらかったり内容がイマイチわからないときあります。日本語に訳す作業をしすぎないようにすることがポイントです。和訳の作業に気が向きがちですが、そうではありません。僕はオックスフォードの英英辞典を使って出来るだけ、英語本来の意味を考えるようにしました。\nなぜ、慶文が辞書を持ち込めるのか考えてみましょう。文学部が何をする学部なのか。\nおそらくは、単純な和訳作業では気づかない、英語の生の意味を気づいて欲しいからでしょう。言語の翻訳には必ず恣意的なものが含まれてしまいます。それでも、深く思慮し、正しい意味を読み取れるようにしましょう。\n\n頑張ってください。\n\n\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"慶應義塾大学 文学部の英語"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"辞書持込可の安心感やばいよね。笑\n\nそして、設問のある段落だけ訳せても、要約的な軽い論述の問題ができないのでやっぱり全体像を把握する上でも全部ちゃんと訳せないとだめかなと思うよ。\n\n英語でやっておいたほうがいいこと、というか、\nあくまでわたしのやり方なんだけど、\n最初の45分で全部解き切る、残り時間でゆっくり精密に見直しコースが良いと思う。\nというのも、なんせ長いので最初からチンタラ読んでると内容が全然頭に入ってこない。なので、一気に読んで全体像つかむ。そこから、細かく見ていくような、かんじがいいかな。\n英作文(和文英訳?)は、辞書の例文を改変して書くだけだから別に対策いらない。\n\n\n社会科目気をつけること、、、うーむ\n質問者さんの成績がわからないけれど、記述だし、日本史じゃ漢字だらけだと思うので、、漢字忘れないように、、(ほんとに漢字って忘れるで💀)\nあとは、社会科目は、合格者は9割+とってくるとおもったほうがよし。オタクだよね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"京都大学英語"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"おそらく、覚えた文法を実際の英文のなかで使うというトレーニングが足りていないのだと思います。そのためには、英文解釈の参考書をこなすことが大事です。京都大学の英語で合格点を取るためにこなすべき参考書を以下に述べます。\nポレポレ英文読解\n英文読解の透視図\n英文解釈教室\n\nこの三冊をいまの段階からしっかりとやりこめば、英文和訳で合格点を取ることは容易です。あとは単語を覚えましょう。オススメの単語帳としては、\n単語王\n速読英単語 上級編\nユメタン3\nなどが挙げられます。また、京都大学受験で一番苦戦するのは、和文英訳です。和文英訳において一番大事なのは、日本語をそのまま英語にするのではなく、日本語の意味が英語を読んだ時になんとなく通じるように英語にすることです。そのためのトレーニングの参考書として、\n最難関大への英作文\nが良いです。\n以上の参考書を実際に書店に行って、自分の目で調べてみて下さい。あなたの受験を心から応援しています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英文を意味の通った日本語に訳すことができない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"勉強お疲れ様です。\n\n単語を知っていて、文法も理解しているのに意味不明な日本語訳を作ってしまうと原因としては、現代文が苦手ということが考えられます。そもそも日本語の意味がよく分かっておらず、英語から訳してみたところで、自分でかみ砕けないのかなと。\nもしそうであれば、英単語を少しわかりやすい日本語に変えることをお勧めします。このやり方は私が受験生の時に、塾の先生から教わりました。簡単な例を出すと、例えば「画一的な雰囲気のある」というより、「同じような雰囲気のある」と訳したほうが、ちゃんと理解できている感じがありませんか？単語帳に載っている日本語訳ってどうしても固いというか、漢語調なことが多いので、自分なりに変形してみるのも効果的だと思います。また、もし結構な英語力があるなら、英英辞典を利用してみるのも一つの手です！割と易しめの英語で構成されていることが多い(難しい単語を使って説明すると、それもまた調べなくてはいけない)ので、英語力もつき一石二鳥かもしれません！\n少しでもお役に立てたらうれしいです。応援しています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"和訳、英訳問題に対してのアプローチ"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは。ご相談ありがとうございます。\nぜひ、大阪大学に来て頂きたいものです笑\nご存知とは思いますが、大阪大学の英語には和文英訳や英文和訳が含まれています。私が受験した時に(難化の年でした)英語は8割5分取っていましたので、参考になればと思います。\nまず英文和訳ですがこれは英文解釈の技術100を使うといいと思います。また、単語力の不足の可能性もありますので単語を見直してみてください。どんなに一文が長くとも、主語述語を的確に抑えることがポイントです。,or…のように、文の中でこの組み合わせが出てきたらこれを意味する、という決まったルールがありますのでその確認もしてみて下さい。\n次に和文英訳の問題についてですが、これは日本語を直訳する必要はありません。と言うよりむしろ、直訳でない方がいいパターンも多いです。訳し方が分からない日本語は、別の簡単な言葉に言い換える(この時関係代名詞が活躍します)ことがポイントです。苦手の程度が分からないので私が意識していることを共有してみました。\n回答は以上になります。応援しています！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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