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19:T10d6,お疲れさまです。
現代文の復習方法がわからない！という悩みは多くの受験生が抱えるものです。私も同じ悩みを持っていました。しかし、正しい復習方法をマスターしてから58しかなかった偏差値が73まで伸びました。それをご紹介させていただきます。
 まずはじめに現代文で高得点をとるために必要な２つのプロセスをご紹介します。１つめは「本文を正しく理解すること」です。当たり前すぎて何をいってるんだ？と思われるかもしれません。しかし、これがしっかり出来ている受験生は思いの外少ないのです。何故ならば、現代文は「日本語のテスト」であるため勉強せずとも読めるという誤解が生じているからです。単語などを勉強しないと全く読めない英語や古文と違ってなんとなく読めているつもりになってしまうのが現代文の怖さです。
早稲田レベルの現代文だと高度に抽象化された専門的な文章が出題されることがしばしばあります。このような文章を読み解くには語彙力と様々な分野に対する知識が必要になります。また、複雑な論理を理解する思考力も必要です。目先の１文に惑わされることなく、本文を理解することが大切です。
 本文の正しい理解を基にした２番目のプロセスは「選択肢を見極めること」です。本文を理解できても点に結び付かないことがあると思います。それは選択肢の選び方が未熟であるためです。持論ですが、早稲田の現代文の難しさはここにあると思います。各選択肢の微妙な違いを見極める力はなかなか身に付くものではありません。
 この２つのプロセスで必要とされる力をつけるために必要な復習方法には少し差があります。前者で必要な力をつけるためには200字を上限にして出来るだけ少ない字数で本文を要約する練習をするのがオススメです。余分なところを省きつつ、要点を全て拾い上げてまとめあげる力を養うために最適な勉強です。先生に見てもらいましょう。問題を解きおわった文章とじっくり向き合って完全に理解する経験を積み重ねていくことで思考力が向上します。
 2つ目のプロセスで必要とされる力は問題を解いていくうちに磨かれるものなので多くの問題を解いてくださいとしか答えられません。ですが、そのときに気を付けるべき点をいくつかご紹介させていただきたいです。
 1つめは選択肢の切り方です。１つの選択肢を選ぶときには他の4つの選択肢を切るだけの根拠が必要になります。その根拠をメモしておきましょう。具体的には間違っていると思う部分に線をひいて正しい形に直しておくことです。そこまでできなくても線だけは引いておきましょう。その後に答え合わせをするわけですが、選択肢の切り方が正しかったかの確認をしてください。答えが合ってても選択肢の切り方が完璧じゃない場合はマグレ当たりだと考えてください。解説と自分の考え方にズレがあった場合は解説を徹底的に読み込んで正解を導き出すための正しい頭の使い方を頭に叩き込んでください。これは質の高い解説が必要なので過去問演習は是非とも青本でやってください。
 こうして正解を導き出すための頭の使い方を身に付けたあとにもう一度本文を読み直してください。こうすることで得点力が向上します。繰り返していくうちに点が安定してくるはずです。センター評論を23分で満点とれるレベルを夏の終わりまでに目指してください。
語彙力の強化には桐原書店の『重要語700』がオススメです。

以上、長文になってしまいましたが読んでいただきありがとうございました。ご健闘をお祈りしています。1b:T17f0,私は今国語の塾講師をやっています。中学、現役の頃にはあんなにできなかった国語を。ただ、ある時、気付きのターニングポイントが自分にはあって、それからみるみる成績が上がっていきました。

今も講師をやっていて思うのですが。
私たちはやたらめったら「解ける」ことに主眼を置きがちです。他の科目の性質である“得点”を意識しがちです。

しかし、国語は読書となんら変わりのない教科です。そして読書には得点は絡みません。

つまり私が言いたいのは、解くことを一回やめてほしいということです。

国語という教科は第１関門に「読む」があり、第２関門に「解く」があります。すなわち、読めないと解けないようにできてるし、問題作成者も読めないような所にフォーカスを当てて設問を練ります。我々の読解力で読み解けるレベルに応じ、得点が出るように適宜問題の難度を並び替えつつ。全部同じレベルの問題を出してしまうと、しっかりとしたデータ集積がてきないので。

そして、ある程度意義がわかったところで本題に移ります。

文章は英語と同様、小さな単位から大きな単位まであります。語→文→段落→意味段落→文章の順に。しかしながら我々は日本語であるという理由だけに、英語は下から学習していくのに対し、国語はいきなり文章に飛びついてしまいます。

まずは、語から考えます。大学入試レベルともなると語彙力は高校入試よりはるかに上回ります。そこで概念などを一通り学べるよう、単語集を英語と同様にやっていきます。
・現代文キーワード読解[改訂版]
・ことばはちからダ!現代文キーワード―入試現代文最重要キーワード20 (河合塾SERIES)
・入試漢字マスター1800+ (河合塾シリーズ)
と言ったものがオススメです。ちなみに、漢字も入れてありますがキーワードと漢字の参考書１冊ずつ完璧にするのが理想です。漢字問題集は漢字の設問を解くだけでなく、文章中に出てくる語彙の対策にもなるので甘くみてはいけません。

ここまでで、語は制覇できました。第１段階です。
第２段階として、今度は語が集まってできた文、文が集まってできた段落、段落が集まってできた文章へとフォーカスしていきます。
文と文、段落と段落については
・田村のやさしく語る現代文―代々木ゼミ方式
・現代文と格闘する (河合塾シリーズ)
と言ったものがオススメです。多分、こうやって言うと「解かないって言ってたやん！」とかツッコミ受けそうなのですが、この二冊は基本的に解くことに主眼を置かれてなく、読めているかどうかのチェックの問題がついてるだけで、実際の入試では到底出ないような問題です。

ここまでであらかた完了しているのですが、さらに文章読解を深めていくために、段落と段落の関係、さらには段落が集まってできた意味段落と意味段落同士の関係をより明確にできるような力の養成に入ります。
・高校生のための現代思想ベーシック ちくま評論入門 改訂版 (高校生のための現代文アンソロジー・シリーズ)
・高校生のための現代文ガイダンス ちくま評論文の読み方 (教科書関連)
この二冊は完璧に入試問題がついていません。読むためチェックはありますが。
ただこの二冊は聖光学院という東大輩出率の高い高校が夏休み課題として採用しているもので、東大出身者に定評のあるものです。
この２つで文章というものにダイレクトに向き合い、１つの文章を分析する力を養い、かつコンパクト化できるようにします。
結局のところ、現代文ができるというのは、文章を一読し、流れを理解しつつ内容をコンパクト化し、その上で設問に取り組めるということです。
この参考書では文章を読んでその流れを自分で予備校の先生みたいにチャート化できるよう努めてください。

そして、仕上げとして
・現代文読解力の開発講座 (駿台受験シリーズ)
で自分で実際に文章の流れを把握し、コンパクト化できているかチェックしてみてください。

ここまでくれば読みはオーケーです。そしたら遂に解く領域に入ります。もちろん過去問でも構いません。ただ導入としてオススメなのが
・現代文私大対策プラクティス―設問から攻める! (駿台受験シリーズ)
です。一通りの私大の現代文を体感するのにぴったりです。あとは
・入試現代文へのアクセス 基本編 (河合塾シリーズ)
も解説が丁寧なのでおススメです。

国公立の問題が入っているような参考書もあるかと思いますが、記述で書けないのに選択肢で選べるわけないので。
記述で解答を考える際にポイントとなるものを多く含んでいる選択肢が正解なわけで。
ちなみに消去法なんかずっとやってたらいつまでたっても伸びませんよ。

すごいでしょ？こんなに読みの参考書があったのに解きの参考書の量が圧倒的に少ないのは。でもそれだけ読みが重要だということです。
ここまでで多く語り尽くしたようにみえますが、実際はもっと語りたいことがあります。これ以上長くしても見る気を削ぐだけなので。とりまえず自分でできるように方向性は示せたと思います。

ぜひ頑張ってください。

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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"センター国語"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"名大工学部の者です！\n工学部国語傾斜で相対的に2倍ですもんね笑笑\n\n古文は、普段の勉強は単語ですね。\nゴロゴで一気に覚えてください。\n解き方は、僕は本文を読みながら問題をとく感じでした。\n復習時は、解説は文法のとこ以外はそんな読まなくていいです。むしろ本文の訳をしっかりできるかです。頭の中でちゃんと訳して本文訳と照らし合わせていってください。(訳をノートに書く必要はありません)\n漢文も普段の勉強はゴロゴの最初の方に載ってる句形は抑えてください！単語もゴロゴに載ってるやつをやれば大丈夫です。\n解き方は古文同様解きながら読む感じです。\n復習も訳を頭の中で作って解説の訳と照らし合わせます。\n古文漢文は、訳せれば解けます。\nセンター古典は問題が解けないのではなく\n現代文はスゴ技という参考書使ってました。\nセンター現代文の解き方系の参考書は、テクに走った怪しさ満点ですが結構ちゃんとしてます笑\n\n最後に確かに名大工学部は国語のセンターの配点高いですが、合計点からしたら大した点になりません。そんなに拘らず程々のところで二次力養成にシフトしてください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"点数を上げるためにやるべきことはなんですか？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"単語をノートにまとめることは悪いことではないですが、わからない単語があっても先にどんどん進んでいく力をつけることで語彙力不足を解消できる可能性があります。そのために、現代文読解の速度を上げる訓練と重要な点だけを読解しながらあぶり出していく感性を磨く訓練が大切です。\nZ会が出している『現代文キーワード読解』という本があります。\n実際に手にとってもらえれば説明するよりもよくお分かりいただけると思いますが、中には難しめの単語の説明と、その単語が出てくる短めの文章が掲載されています。\nその文章を毎日要約する練習をしてみましょう。一緒に、掲載されている難単語の意味も覚えましょう。\n文章下には、要約の模範解答も載っていますから、上手く要約出来ない場合は、本文を読んだ後に要約文と見比べて、どういったところを残し、どういったところを削っているのかという点をしっかり確認しましょう。\n慶應志望とのことですが、論文試験では学部を問わず要約が頻繁に出されます。\n要約の練習を今から始めておくことは決して悪いことではないはずです。\nそして何より、要約ができるということは、文の要旨と構造を把握する能力が高いということを意味しますから、現代文読解能力の向上に要約練習が有効なことは明らかです。\n結局現文は、解説を聞いて復習の際にそれを上からなぞるだけでは読解力向上は難しいのです。\nまず自分で解いてみる、そしてその上で解答を聞いて現文に向かう際の感性を養っていく必要があります。\n毎日根気よく取り組めば、個人差はあれど必ず感性は磨かれていきます。\n\n受験勉強頑張ってください。慶應でお待ちしています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"模試の復習の仕方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"しおりさんの復習法は一見復習してるようで殆ど意味がないです。一度解いた問題はいつ解いても満点取れるようにし、その状態を入試当日まで維持しないとダメです。\n以下各科目具体的に書きます。\n\n現代文\n段落毎の存在理由の明確化と抽象具体の分別、筆者主張の核を抜き出す。解説を見ずにまずは自分で考える。現代文は思考を放棄し解説に頼った時点でその問題から得られるものがなくなります。\n\n古文漢文\n解いてる時に出来なかった単語文法句法その他知識問題は全てルーズリーフの左半分に書き出し、右に意味を書く。\n頭の中で意味を追いながら声に出して音読する。10日間は毎日読んで、以降は音読リストにストックしておく。音読リストにストックしたものは1日30分ずつ今までの総音読回数が少ないものから読む。\n\n英語\n全ての問題で分からなかった単語熟語文法をルーズリーフの左半分に書き、右に意味などを書く。\n後は古文と同じ要領で音読。\n\n日本史\n間違えた問題が東進一問一答にあるか確認してあったらチェックを付ける。一問一答にないものは覚えなくても入試で差が付かないので無視。逆に細かいものを追い求めると効率が悪くなり不合格になるので注意。\n\n古典と英語のルーズリーフの使い方について\n右を隠し左だけ見て意味を答える、間違えたらチェックをつける、2周目からチェックだけやり出来たらチェックを消す、チェックを全て消したら上記を繰り返す。\n\n分かりづらいところがあったらまた質問してください"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"学校の復習"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"なるほど、センター対策の時期ですか。\nこの時期からかなりの量をこなしているようですが、それは少し十分すぎると思います。国公立2次や私立の試験対策にもっと重心を置いても良いでしょうね。\n\n現代文については、問題自体を解き直すとか、そういう形での復習はしてもあまり意味がありません。問題の答えを覚えていたりするものですから。なので、どういうミスをしたか、どういった読み違いをしてしまったのかを授業中や授業直後にノートにまとめていけば、直前期に頼もしい武器になります。\n現代文を伸ばすには、考え方の「型」を作る、つまり、その場その場で頭を捻るのではなく、「こうきたらこう考える」みたいに、流れ作業のように問題に対応していく必要があります。そういう意味では、解説をしっかり理解して、なぜ間違えたのかをはっきりさせる習慣をつけておけば、解けば解くほど伸びていく科目だといえます。ただ、満点は取りにくいので、やりすぎないように笑\n\n古典は、打って変わってくせものです。難しい問題が多く、これらを解き直しても、あまり意味がありません。問題文も東大古典より難しいことが多いので全て読める必要性も低い。\nまずは基礎的な文法、句法が固まっているかを確認し、できていなければそちらを最優先にしてください。また、センター古典はやたら単語の意味を細かく聞いてきますから、主だった知識も入れておいてください。\nあとはテクニックを身につけていく段階です。消去法の進め方や、問題文の読み飛ばし方、和歌問題の取り組み方などは、学校で教えてもらえることと思うので、それをしっかり書き留め、次の過去問演習で実行出来るようにしてみてください。徐々に点が上がっていけるはずです。\n古典に関しては、過去問で出会い、知らなかった知識を確認する作業を行うのが良いと思われます。\n\nセンターの対策は、基本的には過去問で十分です。分量は、自分の目標点に届くまで、というのが理想ですが、現実的には10年分は解くのが良いでしょう。ただ、難しい問題が本番出ることも考慮し、各予備校の実戦問題集に取り組んでみるのもいいかもしれませんが、それは年末にすることです。\n\n僕の場合は以上のやり方で9割以上は安定して取れるようになりました。センター対策と私立対策を両立し、合格を勝ち取れることを願ってます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"早稲田の古文漢文復習方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"【古文漢文の復習の仕方】\n原文を見て、古文なら現代語訳・漢文なら書き下し文と現代語訳を書きます。\n解説の現代語訳と読み比べして、赤ペンで直します。\n\n＊古文\n古文単語が分かるのは大前提です。特に珍しい言葉が出ることはない・出ても文脈から推測できますので、古文単語帳でしっかり勉強してください。\n\n接続の仕方を捉えてください。\n順接なのか、因果関係があるのか、逆説なのかなどなど…たくさんの文章構成があります。この活用形だからこの接続になる、と根拠を持って答えられるようにしてください。設問になっていない部分を含め、すべての文章で徹底してください。\n\n尊敬の対象をはっきりさせてください。\n尊敬語に気を配り、登場人物たちの立場を明確にしましょう。\n\n時代背景（古文常識）が解説に乗っているのであれば熟読して、１つの物語として楽しめるくらいにまで自分に落とし込みましょう。\n\n＊漢文\n書き下し文ができるのは大前提です。スラスラ書けるまで練習しましょう。\nでも本番は、書き下し文にしてから解いたりしません。最終的には原文のまま大体の意味をつかめることを目標にしてください。\n\n具体的には、漢字の１つ１つの意味を確認してください。「也」だったら「なり」なのか「や」なのか。「や」ならどんな意味なのか、確認しましょう。詠嘆・提示・疑問反語・呼びかけ・強調…。簡単な例を挙げると、「也」の上を見ると、主語があるからこれは呼びかけの用法だな、というようにすべての文字に根拠を持つことができるまで勉強してください。\n\nそしてセンターで得点できないことがあるとのことなので、基本句形がまだまだ覚えられてないことと思います。基礎中の基礎なので絶対に覚えてください。\n\n全部できて完璧に訳せるようになったら、音読をします。無作為に選んだ一文をスラスラと読めて完璧に和訳ができるようになるまで繰り返します。\n\n勉強時間ですが、他の科目の状況と合わせて考えると国語の割合が少なすぎます。もっと時間を割いて良いと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"模試の解き直し方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n\nもちろん丁寧に復習をやることは大切ですが、ある程度自分で時間を決めて自分なりの復習の仕方を身につけるのがいいと思います！\n\n以下は自分がやっていた英語と国語の復習方法です！参考にしてみてください！\n\n⭐️英語長文\n\n① 長文問題を解く\n\n② 丸つけをして解説をみて、なにがわからなかったのかどうすれば解けたのかをしっかり考える。\n\n③ 一文ずつ丁寧に本文を読んでわからなかった単語や熟語は調べてノートに書き出す。\n\n④ 最初から最後まで本文がわかるか音読して確かめる。（声に出さなくても口は動かす）\n\n⭐️国語\n\n現代文（評論）\n\n① まずは答えを見た上で解説を見ないでなぜこの答えになるのかの根拠を探す。（この①が非常に大切です。）\n\n② そこで探した根拠があっているか解説をみて照らし合わせる。\n\n③ 解説を見て納得した上で、もう一度本文に戻って解き直してみる\n\n現代文の復習で重要なのはとにかく本文にある根拠をしっかり探すということです！\n\n小説はこれと同じような復習なのですが小説ではとにかく登場人物の心情を追っていくことが大切です。ただ心情だけでなく、事態→心理→行動これをしっかり捉えることが大切です。自分がこの考えを教わったのはきめる！共通テスト現代文です！！これが数少ない小説に対するアプローチを曖昧ではなくしっかり書かれていてほんとに小説の解き方を学ぶには素晴らしい参考書だと思います！\n\n次に古文、漢文です！\n\n古文\n\n英語と同じようにわからなかった単語を単語帳などで調べて覚え、主語をしっかり取りながら現代語訳と照らし合わせつつ何回も文章を読み直していくということが大切です！\n\n漢文\n\n半分くらいは句法の知識を問われるのでまずはそこを抑えるというのと日本語訳を読んでしっかりストーリーを理解するというのが非常に大切です！（漢文は同じようなストーリーが何度も出てくるため）\n\n参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文はどうしたら伸びるのか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文は知識、語彙より読解の比重が高いのではないでしょうか？\n背景知識、漢字ももちろん大事ですが点を伸ばすにはやはり読解に力を入れるのが良いのかな？と思います。\n\n現代文の読解は、文章中に必ず答えがあります。\nセンターは間違え探しです。選択肢の中の文章と矛盾するところ、言い過ぎている表現、質問の答えになっていないもの等を消去法で探していけば解けます。\n記述も、かならず解答の根拠となる箇所が文章中にあります。なので、必ず文章中の根拠をもとにして解答することが大事です。\n\n勉強法は、間違えた問題ひとつひとつに、どこを根拠としていたのか？なぜそこなのか？を考えることで力がつくのかなと思います。長文がたくさん載っている問題集を一冊買ってやりこんでみるのをオススメします。\n\n要約は今まで通り添削してもらうので問題ないと思います。\n現代文は伸びるのに時間がかかると思いますが諦めずに頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 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