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1c:T110d,多くの人が共感する類いの悩みだと思います。

まず前提として、ある単語の訳が模範解答と異なっていても、近い意味で且つ文脈から逸れていなければ、点数が引かれる可能性は低いです。例えば、It takes a lot of time and effort to maintain a good friendship.という文（鉄壁から引用）において、同書ではmaintainに対応する訳が「維持する」となっているが、「保つ」などといった訳をした場合でも、文脈に合う近い意味の訳なので減点はされないだろう、という感じです。仮に質問者さんがこのようなことで悩んでおられるなら、それは杞憂です。
それともう一つ。単語をイメージで覚えるのは非常におすすめな方法ではあります。理由は後述します。

私が想定する悩みは幾分異なるものです。
それは、maintainと偶然同じページにあったassert（主張する、言い張る）という単語を例にとると、
assert...「何かを言う感じ」というのは分かるけど、「主張する、言い張る」というピッタリの訳が浮かんでこない！
という感じの悩みです。恐らく質問者さんが苦労されているのはこういうことですよね。

では解決方法を考えてみましょうか。
①一つの単語につき、イメージではなく一つの定訳をガッチリと覚えてしまう
最も手っ取り早いです。上記の例なら、
maintain→〜を維持する、assert→〜を主張する
と瞬発的に言えるようにする、というものです。しかし難点として、訳の字面が同じ場合に、単語ごとのニュアンスを掴めないということがあります。
例えば、appearとemergeはどちらも「現れる」という訳が可能ですが、emergeという単語は、暗闇や物陰からスッと出現する感じのイメージです。ここで、appearとemergeを両方「現れる」と覚えていると、「彼は駅に現れた」という文を英訳しようとした際に、emergeを用いるのが適切でないことに気付きづらくなります。イメージで単語を捉えるメリットがここにあります。
②日本語→英単語の練習をしてみる
質問者さんは英→和の訓練を積まれているようですが、和→英というアプローチはいかがでしょうか。逆方向から考えることが結構上手くいったりします。また、これは和文英訳の訓練にもなります。例えば、単語帳で、「主張する」という日本語を見て、隣に書かれている英単語を引っ張り出してみましょう。assertの他に、argue、insist、claim、advocateなんかもありますかね。すると今度は自分に降ってきた訳語のニュアンスの違いを調べます（もちろん完全に互換可能な場合もある）。そうすれば、英訳の際に、「主張する」シリーズの中からより適切な表現を選ぶことができるようになります。
③例文と一緒に単語を覚える
シンプル且つ優秀な方法です。例文で覚えれば訳出が容易になりそうです。そして、これまた英作文対策としても最強といえます。

文脈からお分かりいただけたと思いますが、①のやり方はあまりおすすめできないです（個人の意見）。単語をイメージで捉えることはとても有意義だし本質的だと思います。もしよかったら私が紹介した方法を試してみてくださいね。質問者さんの健闘を祈っています！下の余談②は読んで！

余談①
私の鉄壁のassertのところに、「好きな時間帯は"あさー！と"主張する」とメモ書きがありました。下らないですが語呂合わせは覚えやすい。
余談②
もし和訳問題の中で、英単語にピッタリの訳が思いつかなくても、何かしら（動詞なら動詞、形容詞なら形容詞）の訳を絶対書いて下さい。何か書けば、最悪その訳が的外れでも一部の減点に留めることができますが、何も書かないとその一文全体が0点になる可能性があります。1d:Te0c,勉強お疲れ様です!

英文がなかなか読めるようにならないということですが、その原因は主に２つに分かれています。

①　単語力不足

②　文法力不足

の2つです。余程難しい長文（複雑な文法知識を使った長文）以外について（共テなど）は①が原因である可能性が高いと思います。
日本語を勉強したての外国の方が喋る日本語では文章の構造がおかしいことがありますが、それでも単語が分かればある程度何が言いたいか分かりますよね。それと似たようなことです。

質問者さんは単語は分かると仰っていますが、どの程度分かっているのかについて確認してみてください。ただの単語力と長文読解に必要な単語力は必ずしも一致しないので、まずはそれについて話していきます。


単語は小テストのようにただ和訳が分かるというだけでは不十分です。英単語を見てすぐ日本語をかえさずに意味が分かるまでの力をつけて、ようやく長文読解に役立っていきます。
例えばappleという単語を出されたとき、いちいち「appleは､､､えっとー、リンゴだ!」とは考えずに、反射的に理解できると思います。
appleなどの基本的で馴染み深い単語のように他の単語もイメージとすぐに直結することができるという力が長文読解には必要です。


単語帳を覚えたとき、英単語を見て1秒程で和訳が言えますか?分かる単語でも和訳が出てくるのに何秒かかかっててしまうことがあると思います。それをまずは減らしていきましょう。

ここでオススメな単語の勉強法について話していきます。

手順１
まずは単語帳の中で、和訳を覚えていないものと思い出すのに数秒かかるものに印を付ける

手順２
印の付いた単語を短時間で何周もする
(注)すぐに和訳を思い出せなかったら止まらず、答えを見て次に進む

この勉強法をしていくと読むスピードに意味を理解するスピードが追いついて、長文が読めるようになっていきます。


では次に②についてお伝えします。
基本的な長文では5文型がしっかりと身についており、句や節がどこにどうかかっているのかが分かれば大丈夫です。難解な長文では倒置がでてきたり、日本語に訳しづらい文があったりしますが、こちらでは国語力が必要とされることがあります。

②が原因の場合は文法知識がしっかり身についたあとに英文解釈をやり、そういった文法知識を実際にどう使うかを練習していきましょう。実際の文で場数を踏むことが読解力の上昇に繋がります。
具体的にはthatの前後がどうなっているとき、それがどう働くのかを身につけることです。語法や文法の知識を組み合わせて考えていきます。これは経験値がある程度必要なので長文の問題集でやるより、英文解釈の問題集でやった方が良いと思います。

また、句や節、文の切れ目に意識を向けるために音読を行うのも効果的です。まとまりを感じながら音読できると、英文の理解が早くなるかと思います。


では引き続き頑張ってください!応援しています😊1e:T126b,こんにちは。
「入門英文問題精講」を1冊目に取り組む姿勢、素晴らしいです。これは英語解釈の基礎を学ぶのに非常に良い教材で、多くの受験生が使っています。ただ、「構文が理解できても訳ができない」という悩みを持つのは自然なことです。ここではその原因と解決策について詳しくお答えします。

1. 原因分析：訳ができない理由
(1) 語彙力の不足

構文を理解しても、使われている単語の意味が分からない場合、正しい訳を作ることができません。「入門英文問題精講」は文法と構文の理解に焦点を当てていますが、語彙についてはあまり詳しく触れられていません。そのため、解釈はできても訳せないことがあるのです。

(2) 文脈理解の不足

英語の文章は、文脈を理解しなければ正確に訳すのが難しい場合があります。一文一文を理解できても、それらが文章全体でどのように繋がっているかを見落とすと、訳がぎこちなくなることがあります。

(3) 訳し方の経験不足

構文が分かっても、「訳す」という作業は別のスキルです。英語の文法や構文を理解する力と、それを日本語に自然に訳す力は別物で、後者は練習を通じて磨かれるものです。

2. 解決策：訳せる力をつけるために
(1) 語彙力を強化する

単語帳を活用して、出てくる単語の意味を確実に覚えましょう。1冊の単語帳を完璧にすることを目指し、「出てきたけれど意味が分からない」という状況を減らすことが重要です。
毎日少しずつでも、定期的に単語の復習を行うことで、語彙力が向上します。
(2) 文脈を意識して読む

「一文だけを見る」のではなく、「前後の文と繋げて読む」練習をしましょう。文章全体の流れを把握することで、文の役割や意味がより明確になります。
「この文は主張を述べているのか、説明しているのか」など、役割を考えながら読むことも有効です。
(3) 訳す練習を増やす

構文が理解できた文章を「そのままにせず」、必ず日本語に訳す練習をしましょう。最初はぎこちなくても、繰り返すことで慣れていきます。
訳した文章を教材や解答例と照らし合わせ、「どうしてこの訳になるのか」を分析すると良いです。
(4) 「直訳」と「意訳」を意識する

初めは直訳で良いので、英語の文の構造を忠実に反映させて訳します。その後、日本語として自然にする意訳の練習を重ねていきましょう。
例えば、次のように段階を踏んでいきます：
英語：The boy who is standing over there is my brother.
直訳：あそこに立っている男の子が私の兄弟です。
意訳：あそこに立っているのは私の弟です。
(5) 他の教材と併用する

「入門英文問題精講」は構文の解釈に特化していますが、訳の練習に重点を置いた教材（例えば、『基礎英文解釈の技術100』）を併用すると効果的です。
3. 具体的な勉強手順
文を読む前に単語を確認する
　未知の単語があれば調べてから取り組みましょう。語彙のストレスを減らすだけでも理解が深まります。
構文をしっかり把握する
　主語、動詞、修飾語などを分けて、文章の骨組みを捉えます。
直訳をする
　構文に忠実に、英語の文の構造をそのまま反映するように訳します。
自然な日本語に整える
　直訳した文を、意味が通じるように日本語らしい表現に直します。
解答例と比較する
　自分の訳と模範解答を比べ、どこが違うのかを分析します。「違いの理由」を考えることが重要です。
4. モチベーションの維持
英語の解釈や訳は慣れが必要です。最初はできなくて当然ですが、練習を続けることで必ず上達します。
時間を決めて短時間で集中して取り組むなど、無理のないスケジュールで進めましょう。
5. 最後に
構文が理解できているということは、すでに英語解釈の土台はできています。次のステップとして、語彙力を補強し、日本語訳の練習を重ねていけば、きっと力がついていくはずです。焦らず一歩ずつ取り組んでいってください。応援しています！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=qVLKg4MBTqPwDZPubepd","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"英単語の解釈"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",10,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"9/28 20:10"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_zeFW4aU49YhtgLMLSOUanmSXkQg1.jpg?alt=media&token=4bcfc07b-e57d-4ee5-9263-9cdfd6021ef4","clientUserName":"るは","infoString":"高2 広島県 大阪大学法学部(65)志望","adviceId":"qVLKg4MBTqPwDZPubepd"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"英単語帳の内容は覚えたのですが、英訳にしなさいとなったときに、英単語の日本語通りしか覚えてないため、英語が出てこないことがよくあります。英単語の解釈はどのようにして覚えていましたか？"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold 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mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"その日本語通りで覚えたものが日本語ではどういう意味なのかしっかり理解する癖を付けましょう。\n\n英単語が出てこない原因は、2つあるように思います。1つ目は、問題文に書いてある日本語と覚えた日本語が同じだということが気づいていないことです。2つ目は、問題文の日本語をみたあと、それを言い換える作業をしていなことです。(これが英作文において1番大事！)英訳したいものがあったら、それはどのように言い換えられるかを常に考えるようにしてください！あとは英作文の練習を積むのみです。\n\nあと、ある程度の接頭語の意味や語源は覚えておくと良いです。そうすれば、なぜその単語はそのような意味になったのか、また、そこから派生する意味が覚えやすくなり、単語をより多く覚えることができます！\n\n参考になれば幸いです！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_MypGZidBuqhnAv2GogSpoGJD7cp1.jpg?alt=media&token=aa860ef1-3665-4067-bbe8-e43af4b6fe7f","adviserName":"roppongi","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学商学部","adviceId":"qVLKg4MBTqPwDZPubepd","numberOfFan":17,"clipsAvg":9.16822429906542,"adviceRateAvg":4.7745098039215685,"profile":"慶應義塾大学商学部所属です！\nクリップ📎してくれると嬉しいです😊\n\n河合塾全統記述模試　偏差値推移\n英語63→61→71→78→74.8→69.8\n世界史55→55→63→72→69→75"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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mb-1","children":"勉強お疲れ様です。\n\n単語を知っていて、文法も理解しているのに意味不明な日本語訳を作ってしまうと原因としては、現代文が苦手ということが考えられます。そもそも日本語の意味がよく分かっておらず、英語から訳してみたところで、自分でかみ砕けないのかなと。\nもしそうであれば、英単語を少しわかりやすい日本語に変えることをお勧めします。このやり方は私が受験生の時に、塾の先生から教わりました。簡単な例を出すと、例えば「画一的な雰囲気のある」というより、「同じような雰囲気のある」と訳したほうが、ちゃんと理解できている感じがありませんか？単語帳に載っている日本語訳ってどうしても固いというか、漢語調なことが多いので、自分なりに変形してみるのも効果的だと思います。また、もし結構な英語力があるなら、英英辞典を利用してみるのも一つの手です！割と易しめの英語で構成されていることが多い(難しい単語を使って説明すると、それもまた調べなくてはいけない)ので、英語力もつき一石二鳥かもしれません！\n少しでもお役に立てたらうれしいです。応援しています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英単語はどうすれば長文でいかすことができるのか⁉︎"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"そりゃそうですね。当たり前です。\n\n単語帳をやることを英語の勉強の中心にする人はそのような状況に陥りやすいです。\n\n単語帳に載っていなかったり、今まで教科書レベルの文章でも出てきたことがなかったりするような単語は、そもそも文章内容の理解に必要ないか、文章の終わりに訳が書いてあるかのどちらかです。\n\n一つ一つの単語の意味に拘ってしまう人は、英文を「文」ではなく「単語の集まり」と捉えてしまう傾向にあります。見たことのない単語が出てくるとそればっかりに意識がいってしまい、英文の本質的な部分が見えなくなります。「木を見て森を見ず」ですね。\n\n余程レベルの低い簡単な長文でない限り、知っている単語だけで構成された長文はなかなか出てきません。\n長文問題を解く中で分からない単語に出会ったら時にはそれを無視して読み進め、文脈から意味を想像するというような「スルースキル」を身につけましょう。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英単語を例文で暗記してしまう"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"京大文学部所属のvenusと申します。よろしくお願いします！\n\n結論ファーストでいくと、単語を例文・フレーズで覚えるのは非常に優れたやり方だと思いますので、特に支障がないのであれば継続すべきです。\n\n共テレベルを超える語彙については、パッと訳が思いつかなくても、思い出すことができれば、最悪思い出せなくても文脈から導ければ大丈夫です。\n\nまた、単語と和訳の文字を一対一で対応させるだけの覚え方だと、質問者さんが懸念なさっていたような、同じ訳を持つ単語ごとのニュアンスが掴めなくなってしまいます。\n一方、例文で覚えれば、ある程度のニュアンスは分かります。\n\nさらに、例文で覚えることのメリットは、リスニングの際に耳がフレーズを覚えていたり、英作文で\"使える\"語彙になっていたりする、という点です。例文で覚える方が、「生きた英語」における単語の使い方を体に浸透させることができるのです。\n\n以上、単語を例文の中で覚えることの旨味をプレゼンさせてもらいました。例文を声に出しながらノートに書きまくる（いわゆる音読筆写）という覚え方が、遠回りのようで実は簡単に定着しやすいと個人的には思います。\n\n質問者さんの健闘を祈っています！\n\n※補足ですが、共テレベルの語彙くらいは、見た瞬間に意味が頭に浮かんできて、長文に現れた際も淀み無く読めるようにしておきましょう。でないと共テは間に合わないです。共テって実は甘くないんですよね…。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語和訳やり方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"意訳はできた方がいいです。というのも、細かい内容を理解することよりも、大まかな内容を素早く読み込むことが求められる場面も多いからです。入試はその例で、かなりの量の文章を短時間で読むことが求められます。その際、1語1句訳していれば、かなりの時間ロスになりますので、意訳をすることが必要です。\n\n私が意訳していたのは大きく二つの場合です。\n①文中にわからない単語がある。\n②直訳したら変な感じになった。\n\n①の場合は、分からない単語を推測することが必要です。この推測する力はある程度の長文読解の訓練や、単語力の増量により身につけられます。例えば、分からない名詞があっても、元となる動詞の意味が分かれば、推測できることも多いです。\n\n直訳と意訳を使い分けられるようになるといいですが、そのためにも、ある程度、読解練習などで訓練していく必要があると思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英単語"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"シス単の例文の方だけではなく下の単語が載ってるところも見ていますか？\n例文は取っ掛かりの一つでしかないので、下もしっかり見ることが大事です。もちろん、例文だけのものもありますが、ああいうのはそういう形(前後関係)で出ることが多いという意味なので、そういう形で出ると覚えましょう。\nまた、１つの単語に対して1つの意味だけで覚えていませんか？\n忘れてしまいがちですが、日本語と同じく英語も言語です。\n例えば、日本語で「空」という漢字を使う時を考えてください。\n普通の青い空だけじゃなくて、この漢字は空っぽとかでも使われますよね。\nそしてここに共通するのは、すっぽり突き抜けた感じですよね。\n\nこれと同様、結局言葉は一つのイメージで、そこから派生して意味が生まれてるんですね。\n\nなので、もし一つの単語に対し一つの意味を覚えるだけになってしまっていたらその単語を文章に適応できないのかなと思います。\n\nこれを解決する一つの策として、語尾や語幹をある程度覚えるというものがあります。全てについてこれをやることは不可能ですが、語尾や語幹をある程度知ってると、知らない単語に出会った時にある程度語尾や語幹から単語の意味が推測できます。一度試してみてください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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