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1a:Tffc,はじめまして！

英語長文の意味が取れないには2段階あると思います。1つ目は文章単体の解釈ができない、2つ目は文章単体の意味が取れても全体を通して何が言いたいか分からない、です。

1つ目について。
大前提ですが、一文一文の構文解釈ができていないと文全体の理解には届きません。
ただ注意として、文章単体の構文が解釈出来ても必ずしも意味が取れるとは限らないということです。詳細は後述します。
とりあえずこの段階はクリアしているということで、次に進みます。

2つ目について。
結局、英語長文は英語である以前に文章であるので読解が問われます。すなわちある程度の英語力が身についても読解力がないと文全体の意味を取れないです。読解力となると国語的な考え方ですね。
ポイントとしては文章を単語の羅列として捉えるのではなく情報の流れとして見ることです。文章には問題提起があって、そこから筆者の主張が展開されて、最後まとめや結論があります。問題提起だけ見ても筆者が何を言いたいか分かりませんし、筆者の主張を1個1個追って行っても問題提起が分からないとただダラダラと続く文章を眺めるだけになります。
今見ている文章の情報の質を意識しながら読む練習をすべきです。慣れてくると、「今この段階にいるから次はこうやって話が拡がって行くだろうな」「今ここまで説明されたから次はこれの説明が来るだろうな」といった予想が立てられるようになります。
では具体的にどういう風に勉強を進めればいいかですが、私も受験生自体かなり苦労しました。理由はそれをズバッと解説している参考書があまりないからです。大抵の問題集は答えだけかただ和訳が載っているだけ。つまり全てが理解できた結果しか載っておらず、どうやってそこまでたどり着けるかの説明はされません。そしてなにより自分に合った解説かどうかも結構大切です(解説が何言ってるのか分からないと意味ないですからね)。力足らずで申し訳ないですか、結局自分で探し出す他ないです。
1個参考書や問題集選びのコツを教えると、英語特有の構文解釈ではなく、国語的な読解に焦点を当てているものを探すべきです。前者はここで言う1段階目ですが、恐らくSohaさんのレベルだと後者の2段階目です。文章1つ1つではなく文章の繋がりに焦点が当てているものを選びましょう。
あと参考書選びで役立つキーワードを2つほど紹介します。「旧情報と新情報」と「論理構造」です。前者について、英語は既に言及された情報や目新しくない情報は文章の頭にやって、新しく言及する情報や強調したい情報は後ろにやる傾向があります。文法にもその影響が出ています(倒置や分裂分とか)。後者について、これはまさに国語的ですが、筆者が主張を展開するにあたって、反復したり対比をしたり因果を引いたりと論理構造を構築します。これら2つは英語読解に必要なキーワードです(なんなら現代文にも使える)。なので、これらがちゃんと扱われた参考書はオススメです。

以上です。
もし的はずれな解説をしていたら申し訳ないです。
長文読解はかなり対策が難しい分野ですが、できると英語の偏差値がかなり上がります。また構文解釈よりはコツを掴むとかなりスムーズにできるようになると思います。
また何か聞きたいことがあればメッセージでお願いします。
頑張ってください💪💪💪1b:Tc41,最終的には、筆者の主張やその根拠が重要です。具体例はあくまでそれを理解するための補助線のようなものです。この立場に立って、意識してみて欲しいことを述べます。
 まず、段落の最初の部分と最後の部分をしっかり把握して、続く部分と対応させながら読みましょう。基本的に、評論文では、段落の最初(1文目とは限りません。)の方で、その段落で何を言おうとしているかを述べていることが多いです。ちなみに、そのような文をトピックセンテンスと言います。そして、その文で述べられた内容を具体的に説明する文章が続くことがよくあります。また、最後の部分では(次の段落の最初のこともあります)、その段落のまとめが書かれていることが多いです。トピックセンテンスと、その他の文を関連付けて読むことで、その段落の要点が何で(例えば、どんな主張がなされているか、どのような、あるいは何に対する具体例が挙げられているのか)、その根拠や具体例がなにかを整理しやすくなると思います。
 ディスコースマーカーにも着目しましょう。andやor、but、because、,soなどの接続詞や、therefore、thus、howeverのような接続副詞、あるいはfor example、in particularのような句は明示的に前後の関係性を示してくれています。そのような語句に注意することで、内容と内容の関係性が分かります。それによって、論理構成が分かりますし、結果的に重要な箇所とそうでないかしょを考えるヒントになります。
 さらに、語句の抽象度にも注意しましょう。例えば、

日本食は美味しい。特に寿司や天ぷらは絶品だ。

のような文章では、日本食から、寿司、天ぷらで抽象度が下がって、具体的になっています。このような例では、より具体的な文が、抽象的な文の具体例になっていることが多いです。具体的な文と抽象的な文の対応を考えると、何が主張で何が例なのかがはっきりわかり、文章を整理しやすくなると思います。
 また、例が何に対するものなのか、根拠が何に対応するのかを意識しましょう。例えば、筆者の主張に対する例か、一般論に対する例か、根拠となる文を理解するための例なのかを考えましょう。

以上で、取り組み方のコツをいくつか述べてきました。まだ直前期ではないので、時間に間に合わせることにこだわるよりは、精読を意識してみてはいかがでしょう。その上で、上記のことを意識しながら、段落ごとの内容をまとめてみるといいかもしれません。また、段落間の関係を確認したり、文章全体の内容を要約したりすることで、情報の整理ができるようになっていくと思います。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=kMD4nmUBTqPwDZPuMke-","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"超長文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",44,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs 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mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_B6D158D743584A4AACB9B59CEC574403.jpg?alt=media&token=59dfc39f-6ec7-4409-9cef-06b746b8a4f0","adviserName":"runryu1105","adviserDepartment":"東北大学理学部","adviceId":"kMD4nmUBTqPwDZPuMke-"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"なぜ長文が難しいかというと、「内容を把握しきれない」「設問の答えとなる部分が多くあり情報の取捨選択が困難」「読むのが面倒」だからではないでしょうか。\n\nまず内容把握についてですが、「one paragraph, one meaning」を聞いたことがあるでしょうか。要するに「一つの段落で言いたい事は一つ」ということ。これはあながち間違いではなく、段落の要旨をまとめるだけで文全体の大まかな流れは把握できます。\nまた、「逆説の後は主張したいこと」である事も重要です。現代文と同様、「確かに〜だか、しかし…」という構図です。「強調のdo」も同様ですね。\n\n次に情報の取捨選択について。これは一筋縄ではいきません。大事なのは、「主張していることを整理し、盛り込まなくても論理的に整合性が取れるものは除いても良い」という事。そして、「並列に主張されているものは基本盛り込まねばならない」という事。これだけで大体うまくいきます。\nまた、「文章最後あたりの主張は大事」です。それを見落とすと解答全体が違う方向に行ってしまいます。\n\n最後に、読むのが面倒だということについて。一般の高校生であればwpmは良くて200（450の化け物もいましたが笑）。2000語読むにも10分かかります。確かに怠い。\nなので、「読むときのメリハリ」が必要です。ある部分は流し読み。ある部分はじっくりと。同じ10分でも理解度が格段に上がります。\nこのために必要なのが「問題の把握」。先に問題文を見たり、問題の傾向を分析しておくことが重要です。これ無しに闘いを挑むのははっきり言って無謀です。\n\n色々言いましたが、頭で理解して、すぐ実践できるわけではありません。自主的に長文を読むなどして慣れて行くのが一番です。\n\n大変ですが、頑張って。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_B6D158D743584A4AACB9B59CEC574403.jpg?alt=media&token=59dfc39f-6ec7-4409-9cef-06b746b8a4f0","adviserName":"runryu1105","adviserDepartment":"東北大学理学部","adviceId":"kMD4nmUBTqPwDZPuMke-","numberOfFan":0,"clipsAvg":16.5,"adviceRateAvg":5,"profile":"東北大学理学部物理系1年。出身高校は富山県立高岡高等学校探求科学科。冬期に東進東大特進コースで修行を積み、冠模試でC→A判定。\nセンター試験では国語以外の合計が自己ベスト 83を記録するも国語で-43。\n京大と東北大で迷うが、国語が課されない東北大を受験。現役合格。前期選抜は系内4位。\n具体的な勉強法を教えられると安心するのは分かりますが、おそらく個々に合ったものではないので具体の世界には踏み込みません。"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L17",null,{"id":"adsbygoogle-init-under-advice"}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":["コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","$L18",null,{"adviceId":"kMD4nmUBTqPwDZPuMke-"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"何回か読まないとと意味が取れない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"初めまして\n\n解決策:そのままで大丈夫です というか一通り文を読み終えてから解くのは避けた方が良いです\n\nまず、問題の最後に内容一致問題がある場合\n特に選択肢が英語のものは、高い確率で本文の流れと選択肢の順番はリンクしてるので、内容一致問題なのでもちろん間違った部分もありますが、話題は掴めるので、まず1つ目の選択肢を読んで、その正誤を確認するために本文を読む、わかったら、次の選択肢の最後を確かめるために読む、、というのを続け、その間に傍線などあればその都度問いに答えるのが、長文演習では有効です \n\nまた、入試問題、問題集の長文は基本的に英語のサイトや記事から持ってきています つまり、書き手が伝えたいことは結局1つなのですが、記事として載せている以上、読者に読み物としてクオリティのあるものを作る必要があるため、その主張を支える例示、対比、理由などが細やかに書かれているので、英語を学習中の僕たちには複雑に感じてしまうことがあるのです\n\nなんで、各パラグラフ(段落)ごとに言いたいことも1つ(.主張、テーマ、理由、例示、対比など)なので、そのパラグラフの役割を考えれば、途中でわからない文が出てきても\nこれらは、非常に多くの場合パラグラフの先頭か末にあるので、そこから判断できます(例えばThere are three reasons.とくれば自明にそのパラグラフは理由について書かれていますね 考えてみれば当たり前のことしかないので、それを意識すればいいだけです)\n\n「このパラグラフは◯◯のいいことを言ってるんだからネガティヴな内容じゃねえだろうな」\nくらいの感覚で進んで構わないので 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語の長文問題を大きなまとまりで理解するには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"私なりの解決方法を２つほど提案してみます！！参考になれたら幸いです！！\n\n\n✅緩急をつけて読む。\n\n→難関大の長文はとても長いです。全部をゆーっくり読んでいては読み終わりません…世間一般では速読が必要！と言われてますが私は速読というよりは緩急をつけた読み方！という言い方がいいかなって思います。速読速読と意識していたら大事なところも猛スピードで読んでしまいますよね。難関大の文章でそんな猛スピードで読んで大事なところが理解できますかっていう話です。けっこう難易度高いですよね…。だからこそ日頃から文章を読む際はただ読むのではなくて緩急読みを意識してあげてください。\n\n✅パラグラフの役割を理解\n\n→各パラグラフがどのような役割、どのようなポジションにあるのか。筆者の主著は一体なに段落なのか。これを意識してあげてください。私はこの練習は長文を読む際に論理チャートを書いて全体の構造を文字に起こす練習をしていました。もちろん本番はそんな暇ないのでしませんが練習の段階だったらやっても損がないと思います。パラグラフリーディングのスキルはセンターでも難関大でもあらゆるところで求められますからね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"長文読解"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"あー、めっちゃ分かります。自分もそれで英語伸び悩んでました。10月までずっとです。自分の場合は、10月からやり方をガラッと変えました。それまでは、その長文をしっかり理解することを意識してたんですが、過去問解いていくうちにこれじゃダメだと思い、問題を解くための読み方にシフトしました。\nそれをやっただけで、だいぶ正答率も問題解く速さも変わりました。\n\n具体的には、\nまずは、先に設問文を読むこと。\n設問文にキーワードがあることがあります。本文読んでて、そのキーワードがでてきたらその付近での集中力は高めてください。\nあとは、英語の基本的な読み方として、\n速度で一気によみ、複雑でよく分からないところは精読するっていう感覚が大事ですかね。この使い分けがうまく出来るようになったことが、自分の中では1番大きかったです。\n\n他にも色々あったんですが…まあ、うまく説明できません笑笑\n長文はほぼ毎日触れると思うんですが、その中で自分なりに「点を取るための読み方」を編み出してください。この意識があるだけで、だいぶ違いますよ。\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語長文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"凄く気持ちはわかります。僕も全く同じでした！きっと本当に頭の良い人は、1回読んだだけで全部理解して内容も覚えていて解けるんでしょうね、、、😂でも僕みたいな凡人はそんなことできません。じゃあ凡人は凡人なりに工夫してやってみましょう。\n\nということで僕がやっていた方法を紹介します。といっても大したことではないです。僕はまず先に問題と選択肢を読んで選択肢に丸をつけたりしました（固有名詞など）。それから問題文を読んでいって、あれこれなんかさっき選択肢で見たぞみたいなやつがあったら問題と見比べて考えてやったりしていました。問題の解き方に正解はないとおもいます。またこの方法が質問者さんに合うかは分かりません。もしやってみて合うのであればやってみてください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 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overflow-hidden","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"w-full h-full 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"行間を読むには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"　長文読解において念頭に置くべきは、筆者による趣旨だという認識は間違いないと思います。一般的に難解とされる内容一致問題の類のものも、細かい事項の正誤というよりか、筆者の一貫した主張を見据えていれば対処できるものが多いです（作問者の意図もそうでしょうから）。\n　今パッと思い出した、私なりに有効だった方法は、「パラグラフリーディング」です。段落（意味段落）ごとに数文字でそのパラグラフにおける筆者の主張というか言わんとしていることをさっとまとめます。全て読み終わった暁には、それらを繋いで一貫した筆者の論調が見て取れたりするかと思います。あるいは同じことを言っているに過ぎないと分かります。\n　いずれにせよ注意したいのは、for example,for instanceの箇所については比較的流し読みでよいことです。例示の部分は、筆者の主張のあくまで裏付けに過ぎないことが多いので、じっくり内容を\n理解することに時間をかけてはいけません。緩急、メリハリのついた読みが極めて肝腎です\n（速読においては）。その例示によって筆者が具体化している「主張」がいまいち読み取れてないときは、for exampleを利用する、くらいの意識でいましょう。\n　速読といっても、質問者さんがおっしゃるとおり、文字通り速く読めばよいというものでもありま\nせん。時間をかけて（文構造をとって）確実に意味を理解すべき箇所（線を引くとよいでしょう）もあります。これから入試続くと思いますが、自分なりの緩急の感覚をつかみながら戦っていって\n欲しい次第です。自信をもって最後までがんばってください。応援しています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"時間を縮めるには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは。現代文でお悩みなのですね。\n文章は長く一度読むだけでは理解しきれませんし、途中で主張がわからなくなったりしますよね。\n\n早く、理解しながら読むことを目指しておられますが、そのためには要所を押さえる、ということが重要になってきます。ここでいう要所とは問題を解くにあたり読んでおかなければならない部分です。\n\n私の経験談になりますが、文章を頭から最後まで一通り読んで問題を見ても、あれーどうだったかなー？と、結局文章を何度も何度も遡り、全然時間が足りなくなります。\n\n国語を解くときはまず問題からみてください。\n漢字や語句は文章全体を見なくても解けますよね。\n本文についての問題も、傍線が引かれているならその側に答えが隠れていることがほとんどです。その辺を読めば他のところは分からなくても解けることが多いでしょう。\n\n文章全体を読まなきゃわからないような問題であっても、問題文や答えとなる選択肢の中にヒントが隠れています。そこで文章全体に軽く目を通し、問題文などに出てきたのと同じ単語、同じ意味の言葉や文などを探してみてください。その辺りに答えとなる主張などが載っている可能性がとても高いです。\n\nこうして問題を意識して読み進めれば、ノーヒントで文章を読むのと違い、どこに重点を置いて読めばいいのかわかりますよね。\n\n設問には文章全体の内容についての問題がほぼ確実にありますから、その選択肢に出てくる言葉に注目すれば、自然と文章全体の理解につながるわけです。\n\n\n参考になったでしょうか？\n少しでもお力になれていれば幸いです。\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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