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UniLink"}],["$","meta","3",{"name":"description","content":"助けてください。学校の助詞・敬語の授業が壊滅的に雑でわかりません。この2つの単元はどのようになにを勉強するのか教えていただきたいです。特に助詞はどうすればいいのですか…文法書を全て覚えればいいのでしょうか…"}],["$","link","4",{"rel":"icon","href":"/favicon.ico","type":"image/x-icon","sizes":"48x48"}],["$","link","5",{"rel":"icon","href":"/icon.png?2c0dc65a59843333","type":"image/png","sizes":"180x180"}],["$","link","6",{"rel":"apple-touch-icon","href":"/apple-icon.png?2c0dc65a59843333","type":"image/png","sizes":"180x180"}],["$","meta","7",{"name":"next-size-adjust"}]] 1:null 13:I[3903,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"ClientInfo"] 14:I[2798,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdUnderConsultation"] 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1a:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList1"] 1b:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList2"] 1c:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList3"] 1d:Tefa,はじめまして。 古文はよく「単語が命!」と聞きますが、それは違います。英単語もそうですが、古文単語は基本多義的なので意味を確定するのは文脈なります。文脈を理解するために単語を勉強しろと言っておいて、その単語の意味を決定するのは文脈になる、完全な循環論法で破綻しています。 古文において文脈を決定する、正確には私たちが初見で読む文脈の手がかりにするのは、敬語と助動詞です。古文の敬語には敬意のレベルによって方向があってそれで主語が決まります。助動詞は主語に対する述語のニュアンスを確定します。なので古文が読めるあるいは解けるようになるには敬語と助動詞を勉強すればいいと思います。 Gordonさんはどうでしょうか?もしかするとただ単語をひたすら覚えるという勉強をしているのかも知れません。試しに敬語と助動詞をひと通り勉強してから解いてみてください。多分見えたが大きく変わるはずです。たとえ合わないとしても、敬語と助動詞は試験で聞かれるので無駄にはなりません。 具体的な勉強方法としては、敬語は意味ももちろん大切ですが、上述したように敬意の方向が大切です。尊敬語、謙譲語、丁寧語、絶対敬語、自尊敬語、二重敬語、ぱっと上げるだけでもこれだけあります。それぞれの敬語がどれに当たるのか分類しながら覚えると効果的です。助動詞は一覧表が大抵の古文単語に掲載されています。ひと通り覚えましょう。活用のタイプで覚えたら楽です。現在日本語とは活用が少し違いますが似てる部分も多いので。そして識別までやりましょう。助動詞は識別ができて初めて役立ちます。 おすすめの参考書を紹介します。西村雪野先生の「解放古文単語350」です。名前の通り古文単語帳ですが、単語の意味が本質的なニュアンスまで載っています。初めに単語の意味は文脈で決まると言いました。じゃあ単語自体に意味は無いのかというとそういう訳ではなくて、単語が持っているのはニュアンスまでです。それを言語化できるまで確定するのが文脈です。この単語帳はそのニュアンスから乗っているので覚えやすいです。数年前にセンター試験で、単語帳赤い文字で書いてある意味で間違いの選択肢を作り大抵の単語帳には載ってない意味が正解の選択肢が用意されたことがあります。単語の意味の丸暗記はやめろというセンターからの意図を感じました。私も個人的に同感です。また敬語も種類ごとに分類されており、何より主語の確定の仕方も詳しく載っています。助動詞の一覧表はもちろん、識別の仕方も記載されています。さらに古文常識もコラムとして記載されており、文脈把握に役立つ知識がまとめられています。つまりかなり試験に役立つ知識が充実している便利な単語帳という訳です。しかもそこまで高価ではないです。ここまで書いておいてあれですが決してステマでは無いので、書店で実際に手に取って見てみてから検討してください。おすすめです。 色々書きましたが、合う合わないはあると思うので自分なりに納得できるふうにアレンジしながらやってみてください。 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古典文法について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"助詞も古文を読む上で大変重要です。\n接続詞「ば」は一文字で3通りも意味がありますし、文意を大きく左右するものです。\n終助詞「なむ」と助動詞の組み合わせの「なむ」などは識別で頻出ですね。\n必ず取り組んでください!\n\n本来ならば10月には過去問に取り組み始めていただきたいのですが、古典文法、長文読解を残り数日で完成させて早稲田レベルまで持っていくのは難しいです。\nなので、英語、日本史優先で過去問演習を始め、遅くとも11月には早稲田レベルに挑戦できるように計画を立てましょう。\n\n古文を学習する上で最も重要なのは、品詞分解の正確さです。\n単語と助動詞の文法には自信があるようなので、解いた文章を一単語ずつ、全て意味、活用などを当てはめてください。\n古文の問題集には必ず品詞分解の模範回答も載っているはずですから、それを見ながら答え合わせしてください(逆に、現代語訳だけしか載っていない問題集は不親切なので選ぶべきではありません)。\n私は古文が得意だったので、毎回の品詞分解の正答率は99〜100%くらいでした。\n\nこのような作業をすること、他の科目とのバランスを考えて、締め切りと、それを達成するため逆算した日割りのノルマを着実にこなしていけば、短期間で古文を得意科目にできるはずです。\n頑張って・:* .\\(( °ω° ))/.: "}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文を解けるビジョンが浮かびません!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"勉強お疲れ様です!\n\n個人的に古文を読めるようになるためには主に3つの要素が必要だと思います\n\n\n○単語\n→長文を読んでいく中で意味を覚えるものもありますがなるべく色々な意味を覚えておきましょう!\n\n○文法\n→助動詞は1番大変だけど頻出だから夏休み中にマスターした方がいいです!(おすすめは河合塾のステップアップノート)\nあと敬語もなかなか面倒くさいですが早いうちに終わらせましょう!\n\n○古文常識\n→早稲田志望であれば背景知識や古文常識はやっておいた方が良いです👍マドンナ古文常識を使ってました!\n\nこの3つの要素が固まってからやっと長文が読めるようになると思います。初めのうちはあまり長い文章だときついので短い文章を品詞分解(これが動詞、これが助動詞など)しながら丁寧にやっておくといいです。\n\nまた、受けるかは別としてセンターの過去問は良問が多いので演習に使えると思います🙆‍♀️\n\n質問者さんの場合はまず何より文法を夏休み中に完璧にしましょう!英語より覚えることはだいぶ少ないのであまり怖がらないでください!\n\n暑くなりますが体調に気をつけて頑張ってください💪"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文、単語と文法のあとはなにをやればいいのか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"そこまできたのなら古文・漢文で高得点を狙った方が良いと思いますよ!\n\nいわゆる基礎は固まっていると思います。\n\n\nおそらく質問者様の状況から察するに課題は2つあります。\n\n①英語の精読のような1文をしっかり訳す経験の不足\n②問題演習不足\n\n\nこの2つを丁寧にやれば、基本的には読解力は向上すると思います!\n\n①は学校の古文・漢文の授業でやっているようなもので、1文ずつしっかり品詞分解して、これはどういう品詞で、活用形は何で、意味は何でと丁寧に分析していきます。そして、その判断にはきちんと根拠が言える必要があります。題材は何でもいいです。学校の教科書でも問題集でも何でもいいので丁寧にやれるかどうかがミソです。\n\n②については特になく、ひたすら問題演習をしてください。\n\n漢文においても同様です。\n句法をしっかり覚えたのなら①②をやってみてください!\n\n\n以上になりますが、参考にしていただければ幸いです!\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"学校の古文の授業受けるか内職するか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは!逆転合格です! \nまず、uniLinkを通じて質問をするその志、素晴らしいです😎\nチョコさんが第一志望の大学に合格できるように全力で回答します!\n\n受験勉強と学校の授業の折り合いは難しいところですよね。\nチョコさんの場合、授業中は古文単語と文法の内職をしてしまって良いと思います🙆\n理由は、単語と文法をやるだけで、点数が一気に取りやすくなるからです!\n早稲田に限らず、大学受験における古文の問題には、単語と文法がわかれば解けるようなサービス問題がたくさんあります。\nそれらの問題が解けるようになると、文章への苦手意識もなくなり、勉強が進めやすくなりますよ!\n\nさて、単語と文法の時期ですが、夏休みに演習の時間を取るために、7月中旬までには仕上げられると良いです! \n単語帳はお手元にあるもの、文法書は富井先生のもので良いと思います!\n古文は軽視されがちですが、大学受験は、たった1点が勝負を決めます。チョコさんの第一志望合格のためにも、決して後回しにせず古文の勉強をするべきです!\n\nチョコさんが早稲田に合格することを心から願っております!体調にお気をつけて頑張ってくださいね!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"どこまでが基礎なのか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"かしこまりました。早稲田大学の商学部で社会選択とのことなので、私の意見は幾分か参考になると思われます。\nまず基礎に関する定義なのですが、古文であったら文法(助動詞・助詞含め)全ての習得・単語帳300語レベルの習得を想定しています。文法に関しては例えば、古文上達の基礎編に記載されている事項を完全理解し、運用できるレベルです。英語の基礎に関しては2000弱レベルの単語帳の一語一訳暗記(具体的にはターゲット1900やシステム英単語系列のレベル帯)と英文法網羅系参考書に記載されている英文法事項(ネクステージやビンテージといったようなものの文法編)を完全に理解・運用できるレベルまで仕上げることを想定しています。漢文は範囲が他科目に比べて圧倒的に狭いため基礎も何もありません。やまのやまや早覚え等の市販の参考書で頻出句形とされているものを全て理解し、また頻出熟語を50語ほど覚えている状態を指します。日本史は質問者様がおっしゃられているようなセンター8割が1番わかりやすい基準となります。こちらに届かないようなら教科書や講義系の読み込みが足りないことになりますので、そちらの反復がいいかと思われます!\n基礎の定義に関しては各個人の志望校によりけりで不定な形をとっているように私は考えています。それぞれ、早慶ならここまでが土台、上智ならここまでが土台、MARCHならここまでが土台…といったように自分に合わせた土台作りが重要です!\nまた何かありましたら、コメントの方から質問ください!\nファン登録や高評価などしていただけると幸いです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文が壊滅的にできない!"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは!\n\nまずはとにかく文法書と単語をやっていくしかないと思います。とにかくこの2つを完璧にしましょう。具体的な参考書は以下のがおすすめです!\n\n単語帳一冊(読んでみて覚える古文単語315orゴロゴor古文単語330など)\n\n文法書一冊(富井のはじめからていねいにor元東進の講師の吉野先生のYouTubeのただよびの授業動画or実況中継の好みで選ぶといいと思います。)\n\n質問者さんはスタサプを受けているみたいなのでそれをしっかり復習すれば文法は大丈夫だと思います!\n\n\n単語や文法を覚えても古文が読めないのは次のうちのどれかに原因があると思います。\n\n① 敬語ができなくて主語がうまくとれない\n\n② 古文の読解慣れしていない\n\n③ 古文常識がわかっていない\n\nまずこのなかでも①が1番大切です!!\n古文は敬語が頻繁にでてきて誰の動作を高めてとかがわからないとまったく意味がわからなくなってしまいます。古文において敬語は非常に重要です。これが尊敬でこれが謙譲と覚えるだけでなく、どういう動作の尊敬語なのか謙譲語なのかまでしっかり覚える必要があると思います!\n②は古文にも漢文にも言えることなのですが英語と同じである程度なれていくことが必要なので1日1文くらいは読んでいったほうがいいと思います。(河合塾からでている古文演習の参考書など)\n\n③は意外と気にしないのですがかなり大切で、見落としがちなことが多いです!\n例えば垣間見とはどういうものなのかや、\n単語帳にはのっていない見出すと見入るの違い\n見出す(主語は女になって部屋から男をみる)\n見入る(主語は男になって部屋の外から女をみる)などなど色々あるので古文の世界をわかるということも大切です。\n参考書はマドンナ古文常識がおすすめです!\n\n頑張ってください!!\n\n\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文の勉強法について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは。\n私は、\n古文単語→音読してダジャレや語呂で覚える\n文法→助動詞意味、活用、接続を完全に覚えて作業ゲーにする\n長文→各大学の過去問の一部を抜粋したもの\nで勉強していました。\n単語帳は、塾の先生がダジャレや語呂で覚えやすいものを手作りしてくれていたので非売品でした…\n文法は参考書を読んで悩むよりも、実戦的な問題集に取り組むことをオススメします。\n古典文法は、問題を解いてその理論を身体で覚えてしまうと楽ですよ。\n長文は書いた通りです。\nこちらも実戦的な問題集をオススメします。\nセンター程度の長さでも十分です。\n最近のセンター古文は文章の長さも長くなり、難易度も高い年が続いているので、実戦的な練習をするのにはちょうどいい腕試しになると思います。\n私は古文が得意科目だったので、アドバイスはとにかく、助動詞の意味、活用、接続を完璧に覚えることです。\n古文は、助動詞や動詞の意味は現代語と違えど、英語のように語順ごと現代語(日本語)と違う訳ではないので、語彙と文法こそマスターしてしまえば簡単に読めます。\nぜひ苦手を克服してください・:* .\\(( °ω° ))/.: \n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"お願いします。助けてください"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"それはさすがにね...。\nもともと東大いけるくらいの人が春からなにもやらず今くらいから始めて慶應〜なんて話はたまに聞くことはあるけど(本当たまによ)。\n\nキツイことを言うが、その子は100%無理だと思うよ。\nで、その子を思って質問者さんの進捗が妨げられるのは1番あってはならないことだと思うね。いくらお友達でも。\n\nつまり、手助けはやめなさいってこと。\n\n慶應行きたいのに春から何もしてなくて、急にやっぱり慶應〜だなんて、ちょっと気分屋すぎないかい。振り回されるのはこの時期絶対良くない。\n\nただ、その子を全面支援するんじゃなく、一緒に時々勉強して、わからないところを教えてあげるっていうのは良いことだと思うよ!\n教えるって作業は、思いの外自分にも大きな利益があるし(教えると記憶に定着しやすいので、自分の勉強にもなるってこと😉)。お互いwin winだよね。\n\nなので、自分の勉強が妨げられない程度に会って、一緒に勉強するっていうのはどうかな。\n助けてあげなきゃ!と思うと、かえって自分の計画を見失ってしまう。\n\n1番大事なのは自分よ。\nわたしの上記の言い方だと、まるで友達を利用しているみたいだけれど、神崎くんが損をしない且つお友達にも多少利益がある道を提案?してみました😳\n\n最後に、受験に優しさは全く必要ないからね。\nカンニング以外のどんな手をつかっても合格するなら何してもいいんだよ。\n\n\n\n追記\n1カ月で慶應合格は無理、と最初に断っておくけれど\nまあそんなこと言っても夢がないので笑\n少しくらいは可能性に近くなる勉強法としては、社会科目を制覇することだね。その子も文学部志望なの?\nとりあえず、\n・1日の勉強時間の8割を社会科目(覚えれられないところはもういい、覚えられるところから覚える、現代からやる)\n・英語は今からやってもムリ。なので、過去問5年分くらいやって、その5年分を和訳して単語と文法を丸暗記(解き方を覚える)\n・小論は2月に入ったら、ネタ本から好きな話題2つくらい選んで、且つ、言葉運びを過去問から学んで、5年分くらいやる\n\nぱっと浮かぶのは、こんな感じかな。。。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 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