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1b:Tecf,長文読解でなかなか点数が取れないとのことですが、まず共通テストや共通テスト形式の問題、模試でどれぐらい点数を取れているかによります。
質問者さんは現在神戸大学を志望されているとのことですが、旧帝大や神戸レベルなら最低でも8割は欲しいです。共通テストになってから全問読解になっており、ひとまずどれぐらい取れるかは英文を読めているかの指針となります。2次試験の問題と求められている能力は異なりますが、単純な読解なら共通テスト形式の問題で練習してみるのもオススメだと思います。
その上で国公立2次や私大の長文読解についてお話します。
まず、ターゲットを使っておられるようですが、ターゲットに載っている単語は全て即座に日本語の意味が言えますか？もし、まだ言えないのなら夏に入るまでにとにかく言えるようにしてください。ターゲットに載ってる単語は難関大学からすれば基本的なものばかりですし、
ライバル達は確実に覚えてきています。結局、英単語をどれぐらい知っているかで英文の読解力は変わってきてますし、内容も頭に入ってきます。
もちろん、ターゲットに載っている単語を全て覚えただけでは長文読解はできません。必ず、分からない単語が出てくるはずです。ですので、そのような単語を類推する力が求められます。まず、分からない単語があったらその単語の他の形、つまりその単語が名詞だと思ったら
形容詞、動詞、副詞形を知らないか考えてみます。案外、他の形から単語の意味が分かることがあります。次に、分からない単語があるパラグラフとは違うパラグラフに目を向けます。大体の英文は別の単語で同じ意味の事柄を伝えようとしています。分からない単語の前後が分かるなら、同じようなことを言っていたなと思ったところを読むと大体その単語の意味が掴むことができます。あと、問題で関係ない部分で分からない単語があったら深く考えすぎず、読み流すこともかなり大事です。
類推力は難関大ほど大切ですし、これに関してはひたすら長文を解くしかないです。一朝一夕ではできないですし、完全に経験値が必要になります。
長文読解で大切なことは上記の単語等に加えて英文解釈です。長文読解では日本語訳や空欄補充があります。
今何か使っている解釈本があれば、それを使っていただいて大丈夫ですが、まだやっていないなら英文解釈の技術シリーズをオススメします。もし、余裕があるなら英文読解の透視図もいいですが、オーバーワークになる可能性もあるのでご自身の英語力と相談して決めてください。構文がしっかり取ることができれば、和訳の問題も得点できますし、誤読を防ぐこともできます。
また、解釈ができて精読をしていけば内容一致問題も正解することができます。
最後に長文読解はどれぐらい演習を繰り返して、復習するかによります！
まだ、5月ですし長文読解の力はこれから必ず身についてきます。
自分のレベルに合った英文を読解しつつ単語や英文解釈を勉強を平行して行うことで少しずつ長文読解が出来るようになるので、自信を持って頑張っていきましょう！！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=iazaRxCthLt80xE5KboH","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"英語長文の説明問題・和訳問題の解き方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",7,") コメント(",3,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"9/10 15:01"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英文をスラスラ読むには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n\n長文を正確に早く読むには英文解釈の力が重要になってくると思います！！\n\n解釈は非常に大切で、英文を読む上での読み方がわかってきます！ですが解釈の参考書をやりながら長文をやっていった方がいいと思います。その理由はやはり解釈の力を活用するのは長文であるのでその長文を読んでいく中で解釈の参考書で出てきたところがあったりすると思うので知識が結びつきやすいからです！あくまでも英文解釈は英文解釈のためのものでなく、長文のためにあるってことを忘れないでやった方がいいと思います！\n\nまずは解釈の参考書を一周して、そこから順次長文を始めていくのがいいとおもいます！（解釈は一周目が終われば二周目からはかなり早いペースで回すことができるため）\n解釈の参考書のレベル別のおすすめはこんな感じです！参考にしてみてください！\n\n肘井学の読解のための英文法（基礎がわからない人のため。質問者さんは結構出来そうなのでここは飛ばしていいかなと思います。）→基礎英文解釈の技術100（ここまででMARCH、関関同立）→ポレポレ（早慶レベル）\n\n次に以下が自分がやってた解釈の参考書のやり方です！参考にしてみてください！\n\n①  全文読んでSVOCをとっていく。（和訳はどちらでもOKです。最悪読むだけでも大丈夫ですがとにかく構文を掴んで意味を掴むことに意識を集中させることが大切です！）\n\n② 解説を見て構文をとりなおして訳をなおす。\n\n③ しっかり一文ずつ構文がわかり訳ができるようになったら最初から音読する。\n\n④ つっかえずに音読できるようになったら次に進む。\n\n参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）\n\nまた、UniLink パートナーのオンライン受験相談も実施しています！興味がある方はメッセージよろしくお願いします！！！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs","children":["早稲田大学商学部"," ","TR_"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語の解き方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"解答させていただきます。\n\nまずは、自分の今の実力を分析してみてください。\nその上で、単語がわからないから読めないのか、構造がややこしいから訳が分からなくなるのか、それによって取り組むべき勉強方法が変わってきます。\n\nとりあえず考えられる弱点とお勧めの参考書をあげておきます。\n\n単語→鉄壁 解体英熟語\n解釈力→基礎英文解釈100⇨ポレポレ⇨英文解釈教室のルート\n英作文→小倉の英文法矯正編\n\n京大の英語において問われている能力は、簡単にいうと英文解釈力と英作文力です。とにかくこの二つを伸ばすことを意識してください。おそらく単語の訳が適当でもかなりの構文が把握できていれば点数は来ると思います。\n\nお勧めの勉強方法としては慣れるまでは英文を読むときには構造をしっかりと書き込むということです。僕は試験でもこれを行いました。英作文についてはまずは基本例文のインプットが重要です。\n\nまた最後になりますが、和訳の問題に関してですが、京大の文章は直訳すると訳がわからないことになる場合があります。ですのね、しっかりと構文の取れた文章に関しては、ある程度こなれた日本語に直し、構文の把握が厳しいなと思った文章に関しては直訳を意識して解答するようにしていました。(少なくとも模試はこの方法が一番点数を稼げます)\n\nぜひ参考に頑張ってください。\n応援しています。\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語の勉強方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まずは一度普段解いている長文を全て日本語に訳してノートに書いてみましょう。この全訳の出来次第で、今後取るべき勉強方法が変わってきます。\n\n\n①辞書や文法書などを見ないと日本語が書けない\nこれは読めているようで実は読めてないことの証左になってしまいます。なので訳せなかった部分の単語や文法は必ず解説を見て確認し、その都度覚えるようにして下さい。また、単語帳や文法の問題集などもいつも以上に時間を割いて演習する必要が出てきます。\n\n\n②訳はわりとスラスラ書ける\n訳を書けるということは内容はほぼ完璧に理解できているということです。にも関わらず設問が解けないとなると、単に解き慣れてないか、効率の悪い解き方をしてしまっている可能性が高いです。以下に設問を解く際のポイントを挙げてみるので、参考にしてみてください。\n\n⑴設問に先に目を通す\nこれは国語でも同じですね。文章の内容にいきなり突入するんではなく、どんなことが聞かれるのか先に知ってから読んでいった方が遥かに効率がいいです。\nただ、選択肢から選ぶタイプの問題は、その選択肢の中身までは読まない方がいいと個人的には思っています。例えば四つから正しい内容のものを一つ選ぶ問題だったとして、他三つは違う内容なわけですから、先にそっちを読んでしまうと本文を正確に読めなくなってしまいます。\n\n⑵段落ごとに読んでみる\n本文の読み方として、全部一気に読むのではなく、段落ごとに、読解と設問の処理を繰り返します。こうすることで解ける設問を早めに潰しながら読んでいけるので、正答率とスピードを共にあげられます。\n\n⑶段落ごとに内容をまとめる\n⑵と少し被りますが、内容整理の観点から、段落ごとに何が論じられていたのか短くまとめながら読んでいくといいかもしれません。最後の方まで読むと、最初に書いてあった内容を忘れてしまいがちですが、段落ごとに内容をまとめることによって、もし忘れてしまってもあとで手早く読み返せます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"日本語訳"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"確かに、慶應文学部の英語は、日本語訳の問題が多いですよね💦\n日本語訳の問題を解く上で大切なことは、英文の構文を正しく理解することです。\n構文を誤解して解いた場合は、変な日本語訳になってしまいますし、採点の際も構文は絶対的なものだも思います。\nもちろん、日本語訳の問題をたくさん解いて慣れることも重要ですが、構文解釈の勉強も、日本語訳の力を増幅させるためにとても大切なことです。\n僕は早稲田は受験せず、慶應文学部一本でしたが、読解力養成用の参考書では、日本語訳の問題には特に注力し、細部の表現まで先生に質問をして、納得のいくまで日本語訳に拘っていました。また、構文解釈・和訳の勉強として『ポレポレ 英文読解プロセス50』という参考書をやりこみ、3周ほど解きました。もう、ご使用されているかもしれませんが、この参考書、早慶を目指す受験生には、かなりおすゝめです❗️\n超長文の読解力の強化を始め、構文解釈の勉強に特に力を注ぐこと、日本語訳の問題をたくさん解くことは、慶應文学部を目指す者として欠かせません。複数の意味から、文意にあった意味を選ぶ力、よりスムーズな日本語で表現する力なども、意識しながら勉強してみてください。\nコツコツと真面目に取り組めば、必ず力がつきます！大丈夫、これからです。應援してます！！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"難関大の英語長文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"慶應義塾大学文学部に通っている学生です。ご相談に回答させていただきます。\n私も、受験勉強を始めたときはこうこうさんと同じ悩みを抱えていました。\n音読すれば早く読めるようになるとは\n思いますが、まずは、自分が本当にその\n文章をきちんと理解できているのかを\n確認しましょう。段落ごとに内容を\n要約してみるといいと思います。また、\nわからない単語や文法もしらみつぶしに\n調べましょう。\n文章をしっかり理解した後に、意味が\n理解できる程度の速さで何度か音読します。\nそれを何度も繰り返すことで、\n徐々に速く読めるようになるはずです。\n内容を忘れた頃に、もう一度同じ英文を\n見直すことで、より定着するでしょう。\n私は、春夏に読んだ英文は二回読み直していました。\n志望大学に合格できるよう、頑張って\nください。応援しております。\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語長文を早く正確に解く方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"英語記述問題の基本は和訳と英訳です。単語と文法をしっかりと学習している前提で答えていきます。\n\n和訳に関してはどんな問題に関しても文型を振りその文型通りに訳すことが求められています。とある国立大学の毎年問題作成に携わっている先生は、文型に忠実に訳していることが大前提と語っていました。もちろん忠実に訳しすぎても日本語として不自然なものになる可能性もあります。そんな時は文型がわかっていることをしっかりと訳に残して意訳すればおっけいです。\n私が受験生の頃は、第6文型まで振ったり副詞的目的格を意識して訳すなどやや厳密にやりすぎた感もありましたが偏差値で言うと80を超えてました。\n\nまた国立大学を受ける場合は、英語の文章を読むときはいつでもどこでも指示語を明確にすることを意識してください。電車で英語の文章を見た時にも歌詞で指示語が出てきたときにもです。言語である以上指示語が多用されるためその内容が明確にならない限りしっかりとした理解ができません。常日頃から指示内容を意識して読んでいけば4ヶ月後くらいには意識せずとも内容を取れるようになります。\n\n以上の２つを身につければ確実にスピードは上がり時間内に記述解を作成できるようになると思います。\n\n解いた後の効果的な学習方法についても同様、文型と指示語を意識してみてください。\n\n絶対成績上がると思います！頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英文解釈力についての不安"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まずわからない箇所があって質問できる環境にいるならすぐに聞きましょう！講座勧められてもその先生の回答で理解できたなら、わかりやすかったから取る必要なくなりましたって言えばいいんです。\n\n解釈力は、「単語」と「文法」と「文章処理能力」の3をバランスよく身につけることで上がります。翻って、そのどれかが欠けていると解釈がしにくくなる、できなくなるという現象が起きます。\n\nまず単語が一番大切です。解釈できない理由として一番考えられる原因です。\nテキストカバー率という学説があります。これはある文書があったとして、その文書の95%〜98%の単語を知っていたら十分な読解が得られるというものです。100単語の文書があったとして95単語を知っていたら残りの5語を知らなくても解釈に差し支えないということです。反対に、95%を下回った場合にはその文書の理解度はぐっと下がります。\nつまり、大学受験レベルの文書に触れていて、知らない単語が多発するなら解釈に著しい影響を与えていることが確かなのです。今一度プライドを捨て謙虚に単語を覚えましょう。\n\nそして文法も同じく大切です。単語を覚えてもそれを構成する形(文法)によって意味がそれぞれ異なりますよね。sothat構文やクジラ構文のように、それ自体に意味がある場合は覚えていないと対処できません。だから単語同様しっかりと覚える必要があります。\n\n最後に文章処理能力について。これは単純に英語の長文に慣れているかどうかって事です。いくら単語文法を覚えても、すんなりと頭に入れて理解するのにはどうしても慣れが必要です。英語のテキストをなんの抵抗もなく日本語を読むかのような意識で処理するには読みまくるしかないです。読んで読んで読みまくれば、今まで意識していたことが無意識にできるようになります。これを意識の抽象度の上昇と言います。とにかく英語に触れる絶対量を増やしてください。\n\nこの参考書をやれば解釈力が上がるなどという魔法の杖は存在しません。泥臭く地道に単語と文法と長文に触れる絶対量を増やしましょう！！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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2.89-3.14 5.74-7.9 10.05z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs mr-2","children":1}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs rounded-lg border border-text px-4","children":"不安"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"ml-3","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-caption w-20 h-20 rounded-sm overflow-hidden","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"w-full h-full 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語長文が解けない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n、\n単語はわかっているのに長文が読めない理由は英文解釈に原因があるのではないかと思います！\n\nやはりMARCHから上、特に早慶レベルでは一文が非常に複雑なので解釈をやって一発で意味が取れるようにしていく必要があります！\n\n参考書としてはMARCHレベルなら基礎英文解釈の技術100、早慶レベルならポレポレがおすすめです！\n\nまた、解釈の参考書のやり方は以下のやり方がおすすめです！参考にしてみてください！！\n\n①  全文読んでSVOCをとっていく。（和訳はどちらでもOKです。最悪読むだけでも大丈夫ですがとにかく構文を掴んで意味を掴むことに意識を集中させることが大切です！）\n\n② 解説を見て構文をとりなおして訳をなおす。\n\n③ しっかり一文ずつ構文がわかり訳ができるようになったら最初から音読する。\n\n④ つっかえずに音読できるようになったら次に進む。\n\n参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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