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1a:Teab,こんにちは😃

現代文を解く上で最も大事なことはその文章が何を言いたいのかということを掴むことだと思います。
特に評論文などは筆者の主張が言葉を変えて、何回も登場してきます。だから、キーワードとなる語や繰り返し出てくる語にはチェックを付けて読んでいました。
また、二項対立で論じられている文章では一方の事柄については普通に線を引いて、もう一方の事柄については波線を引いていました。同じように筆者の中でプラスの事とマイナスの事も後から見て分かるように違うマークを付けて区別していました。共通テスト模試は時間制限も厳しく、丁寧な読解はなかなか厳しいですが、練習の中で主張の言い換えを見つけたり、対立軸を意識する事が大事になってくると思います。あと、当然ですが接続詞や文意を変えたりする表現には気をつけて読みましょう！
なので、現代文を解く上で身につける力としては、その文章の言いたいことをできるだけ早く見抜くことです。
なかなか難しいことですが、これに関しては問題演習をして経験値を積むしかないです。実際にペンを持って言葉と言葉をつなげたり、文章にマークや線を引く練習をしていくことが最初の内はベストだと思います。
とにかく、自分の中で筆者の意見や考えが分類できていることが分かり、整理されていれば大丈夫です🙆‍♂️
また、完璧に筆者の言いたいことが分からなくても全然オッケーです。あくまで、問題に正解することがやるべきことで、主張を理解するのはそのための足掛かりですから。

あと、選択肢を消す際に数字や記号のところを消すのではなく、間違っている箇所に印を付けるクセも大切です。一発で答えが出せる設問もありますが、共通テストレベルの問題でもイヤらしい問題が多く、その場合消去法でしか消せない時があり、わずかな違いが大切になってくるからです。
それから、質問者さんがどのような形で現代文を取り組んでるか分かりませんが設問を先に読んで問われることを先に分かっておくことは共通テストの現代文を速く解く秘訣だと思います。選択肢までは見ないですが、共通テスト特有の図表やグラフの問題は先に見ておくと結構すぐに解けることがあります。
最後に、私もいつもできたわけではないですが、自分と文の筆者、そして作問者の3者を問題を解く際に意識してました。なぜこの文章を大学側が出し、ここに傍線部を持ってきているのか、共通テストであれ、個別入試であれ国語という入学試験である以上必ず意味があるはずです。問題を作っている人の意図や大学側の伝えたいメッセージを考えながら俯瞰して読めことができるようになれば現代文に関しては大丈夫です。

現代文の読解は人それぞれなので私の読み方が必ずしも正しいとは限りませんが、是非参考にして下さい！

受けておいた方がいい模試に関しては河合塾の早慶レベル模試や代ゼミの早大入試プレなどです。
やはり冠模試は実際の受験者が多く受けるので、自分の立ち位置を知る上で非常に役に立ちます。

また、質問があればぜひ聞いてください！
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mb-1","children":"塾で教えてる中で私が見る限りの現代文ができない理由を羅列します。\n\n①語彙力、背景知識不足\n→これが一番多い原因な気がします。漢字は解けても、文章にある語句の意味を正確に理解してないってことが多いです。(例えば、パラダイムとか帰納、演繹、ア・プリオリとか)語句の意味がわからないと、文章の意味を掴めないばかりでなく、選択肢中にある言い換え表現もうまく掴むことが出来なくなってしまい、それが原因で選択肢を選び間違えるということが起こってしまいます。\n\nまた、背景知識に関してです。これは英語にもよくあることなのですが、例えばルネサンスがテーマの文章が出てくると、世界史選択の目線としてはなんとなくどのようなパターンの結論を導くか予想できます。このように背景知識のあるなしは現代文の成績に繋がると言えます。\n\n②傍線部周辺の情報に囚われすぎている\n→現代文において、問題になっている傍線部周辺に答えがある可能性は高いです。しかし、必ずしもそうとは限りません。\n\n特に共通試験やセンターの問題は「ここまでの内容を正確に読み取れているか？」という内容の問題ばかりです。なので、「答えを拾う」作業よりは、「該当箇所までの段落の趣旨は何なのか」を掴むことの方が正しい回答に直結します。\n\n傍線部周辺だけを見ていると、まさに「木を見て森を見ず」状態になってしまう訳です。\n\n以上の2つが非常に多いです。というか、この2つができれば、現代文はできると思います。\n\nなので、以上の2つを意識して取り組んでください。その際はがむしゃらに量をこなすのではなく、復習に時間をかけてください。\n\n「この文は全体で何が言いたいのか」\n「どのような技法(対比とか)が使われているのか」\n「なぜこの選択肢は違うのか」\n「どこを直せばこの選択肢は正しくなるのか」\n「なぜここから意味を読み取れなくなってしまったのか」\n\nなどをしっかり理解できるまでが復習だと思っています。\n\n一応、おすすめの参考書も書いておきます。\n①の原因→Z会のキーワード読解\n②の原因→現代文読解力開発講座\nが個人的にお勧めです。頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文 何すれば良いんでしょうかね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"実は回答者も国語伸びるの時間かかって、\n結局最終的に伸びてくれたのでよかったのだけれど\n\n問題集だけやってた頃はあんまり伸びなくて。\n\nで、劇的に、あ、現代文わかるようになってきたわ、と思ったのは、慶應受けるにあたり、小論をやり始めた頃からだったんだよね。\n\nつまり小論対策をすると現代文なぜかできるようになります！\n慶應受ける気なかったら、文章を構成するような小論ガチガチの対策はしなくていいけれど、\n「要約」の練習は結構良いと思う。単純に要点拾うのうまくなるので。\n\nまあ今から小論とか賭けだろ、みたいなふうに思っちゃうかもしれないけれど、一か八かやってみても損はないと思うな。とりあえず10月だけでも隙間時間に要約の練習してみたらいいんじゃないかな。\n\n\n\nで、裏話みたいな話なんだけれど\n現代文含め古文とか漢文とか、国語総じて苦手な人は慶應受けたら良いと思うんだよね笑\n小論のほうが遥かに楽だし、本番やばいこと書かなければ、ふつうに論理的に説得力もたせて書ければ減点のしようもない。そして小論は11月からとかからやり始めても全然間に合う(というか慶應合格者も小論あんまり勉強していないけどなんか書けた~~みたいな人が多い)。まあ、、参考程度に。\n\n\nまとめると、\n問題集やって伸びなければ小論(要約練習)！\n\n色んなやり方あるのでどれを選ぶかは質問者さん次第だけれど、一応こんなやり方もありますということで頭の片隅にでも入れといてみて。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文を安定させるためには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まず始めに点数が上下している状態は、もうすぐ一気に点数が良くなり安定する直前だと考えといてください。その上で河合塾で一番の講師から聞いた具体的な事を書きます。\n\nまず現代文において漢字や語句の意味で失点するのはかなり痛い事です。得点上位層の人は必ずとるところですし、現代文の基礎とも言えるところです。すぐに対策してください。私大でも漢字が合否を分けます。\n\nその基礎が徹底された上で、現代文の文章をキレイなリズムで音読するといいでしょう。読むスピードが早くなります。\n\nまた全体の構造を掴むことが極めて肝要です。例えば、筆者が一番伝えたいのは何か？何と何を比較して、どちらの方が筆者は良いと思っているのか？などなど…\n一つの文章にジックリ取り組んでください。\n\nセンターの時間配分は漢文10〜15分 古文25分 評論20分 物語20分 が大体の目安です。\n最初に設問をザラッと読み、だいたい何を話してるのか掴みます。そして、文章は全部一気に読みましょう。そのあとで、問題を解くのが一番点数が安定します。\n\nセンターは2つの選択肢まではすぐに絞れるので、その2つをジックリと検討しましょう。\nセンターまであと少し頑張ってください。\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"なかなか正解の選択肢が選べない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"2択まで絞れていて最後間違うというパターンに多いのは、言ってることは正しい2択を選んでるけど、片方には解答に必要な要素が足りない、でもどっちも間違いの記述はないから、それっぽいな、と思って間違っちゃう、というパターンです。\nそういうときは、自分の中で記述問題だったらどんな解答を書くべきかな、ということを考えて、ある程度自分でこんなことが書いてあるやつを選ぼうと決めてから選択肢を見るようにするのがいいと思います。\n質問者さんがおっしゃる通り、単純に言葉の意味がわからないのであれば現代文の単語帳を一冊やってみるのもいいと思いますが、今の時期はそういう次元じゃないし、そもそもそのレベルの人は2択に絞るのも難しいはずなので違うような気がします。\n現代文に正解があるのは、誰がどう見てもそうだ、と確信できる根拠が文中にあるからです。解答を出す時、文中にこう書いてあるからこの答えになるんだ、こっちにこういう描写があるから、この選択肢では不十分なんだ、ズレるんだ、という根拠を自分の中で持つようにして解いていきましょう。それで、解説と合わないところがあればそれは感覚のズレなので矯正していく。そのプロセスを積み重ねることで、今からでも成績は変わると思います。\nファイトです！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"選択肢 2個まで絞って間違える"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文の選択肢の選び方\n\n①文章を一通り読んで、話の流れを頭に入れる\n\n②問題文を読み、加線部とそれに関係するところをもう一度読む。\n\n③その問題に対する解答を自分で頭の中でつくる\n(大体で良い。どういう要素が必要かを考えておく)\n\n④選択肢から明らかに違うものは消す。(①の話の流れに沿わないものや③で考えた必要な要素がないものなど)\n良いと思うものには○を、間違いではないと思うが微妙と思うものには△をつける。\nこの時、どういうところが○でどういうところが△なのか明記しておくこと。\n\n⑤○と△をつけたものに関して、④でチェックをつけたところを本文と照らし合わせてもう一度精査。\n大事なのは「本文中から」解答の根拠を見つけること。\nより根拠が明確、あるいは本文中と論理的に明確なつながりがあるものを選ぶ。\n\n\n※これをやっても答えが定まらない時は、④で消したものももう一度見直してみること。\n\n以上です。\n質問者さんはおそらくほぼ出来ていると思うので、特に④、⑤を気をつけるといいと思います。\n全体的に合ってるものというのは、とても曖昧なものなので、きっちり根拠を見つけましょう。\n\n参考になれば幸いです。\n頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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