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1c:T1427,古文が苦手な方は文理問わず多いと思うので、少し頑張れば大きく差をつけることができます。
そして、古文はちゃんとした勉強をしていれば2～3か月ほどで得意科目にすることができます。

古文の勉強法について順を追って説明させていただきます。

古文の勉強は日常生活で使わない言語を読み解くという点で、英語の勉強と類似しているところがあります。最初に取り組むべき勉強も英語と似ています。

ずばり、最初に取り組むべき古文の勉強は”単語と文法”です。

単語と文法が分からなければ文章を読めないのは英語と同じです。そして、多くの古文が苦手な受験生はこの二つがほとんど出来ていません。

軽くテストをしてみましょう。まずは、単語からです。
「ながむ」「にほふ」「あく」「おくる」の意味をすべて答えることができますか？
また、敬語表現の「たてまつる」「のたまふ」「めす」「奏す」の意味とそれぞれの敬語の種類(尊敬語、謙譲語、丁寧語)を答えることができますか？

次に文法編です。
係り結びの法則を説明することはできますか？
未然形接続、連用形接続、終止形接続の助動詞を言えるでしょうか？

とりあえず、このテストにすらすら答えることができなかった場合には、単語・文法が出来ていないということにします。この先で単語と文法の勉強方法について説明しますので、やってみてください。

(１)古文単語の勉強方法
まずは、古文単語の勉強方法についてです。
参考書は何を使っても構いません。基本的には学校で配られたものを使ってください。どうしてもやる気が出ない場合には新しく買うのもモチベーションアップにつながるので良いと思います。

古文単語はどの参考書でも300～350くらいに収まっていると思います。逆に新しく買う場合には、単語の数がこの範囲に収まっているものをおすすめします。今回は使用する単語帳を330単語だと仮定して進めます。これを一か月で完成させます。

一か月で330単語を覚えるにはどうすればいいでしょうか。よくあるのは、一日11単語覚えると30日で330単語覚えられるというものですが、人間の脳はそんなに都合よく出来ていません。全部終わるころには、最初の11単語なんて完全に忘れてしまいます。もっと間隔を短くして、回数をこなすことが大切です。

66個/日×5日で一周してください。
つまり、一日で66単語やります。番号順に１～66番まで取り組んでください。二日目は67からです。5日後に330番まで到達したら、6日目からはまた同じように1番から取り組みます。

5日で1セットの周回を6回繰り返します。5日×6周で30日(一か月)で完成します。5日という間隔と6回という回数が大切なので、必ず毎日取り組むようにしてください。

(２)古文文法の勉強方法
次に古文文法についてです。
古文の文法で一番重要なのは助動詞です。助動詞→敬語→助詞→和歌→(文学史）の順番で取り組むのが良いと思います。

助動詞については、最初のテストの問題にも出したように、未然形接続、連用形接続、終止形接続の助動詞を覚えることから始めてください。語呂合わせでもなんでも構いません。助動詞を言われたら接続をすぐに答えることができる状態にはしておいてください。それがすべて覚え終わったら個々の助動詞の意味と用法について覚えていってください。

敬語については、敬語の種類について理解することが大切です。尊敬語・謙譲語・丁寧語も現代語と意味が異なるので注意して取り組んでみてください。

助詞は副助詞と係助詞についてはすべて覚えてください。「だに・すら・さえ・し・のみ・ばかり・など・まで」と「ぞ・なむ・か・や・こそ・は・も」はすらすら出てくるようにしておいてください。

ここまでやれば、古文の基礎的な文法は他の受験生と大きく差をつけられるはずです。

文法は少し大変だと思いますが、参考書や映像授業(スタサプなど)を活用して進めてみてください。ちなみに私は「岡本梨奈の一冊読むだけで～」のシリーズを使っていました。すらすら読めるので、おすすめです。

これらが、古文を得意科目にするための勉強方法です。ペース良くやれば、すべて2～3ヶ月ほどで終わると思います。試してみる価値は十分にあると思うので、頑張ってください。1d:Tbac,✅古文は苦手でした…

→古文は苦手of苦手でしたね。なかなか結果ぎ出ませんでした。そこで私が最終的には古文の偏差値を60後半までもっていった勉強法を紹介していきます。ご参考までに！

✅古文の勉強方法

→ 古文に関してはとりあえず単語と文法。単語と文法はもちろんどの教科に関しても大事ですが古文に関してはより重要度が高いと思います。それに加えて古文は基本主語ゲーです。その主語を特定する要素に単語や文法や背景知識が必要なのですね。また単語が分かればある程度の方向性や場面をつかめます！最後の最後まで古文単語は気を抜かないように。

まず単語に関しては単語帳一冊を完璧にすれば大丈夫だと思います。ただ古文単語に関してはすぐに忘れてしまうので夏休み中に完璧にして2学期以降にもしっかりと触れていきたいです。覚え方としては、とにかく見る回数を増やす！単純ですが本当に大事です。1回1回覚えるつもりがなくても見る回数を増やしていけば自然と覚えていきます。もしくは音声学習も有効的です。CD付きの単語帳、もしくは自分のスマートフォンにその単語の意味を吹き込んでCD代わりにするなどの方法もあります。
文法に関しては一冊文法の参考書をやるので充分。自分は参考までに河合塾出版のステップアップノートを使っていました。（灰色）私大、センター含めて難しい文法問題はそこまで出ない印象です。だからこそできないと差がついてしまいます。最低限はやっておくようにしましょう。
最後に長文。長文読解には単語と文法以外にも背景知識が必要です。有名な作品（源氏物語や落窪物語）に関しては漫画を買って背景知識を入れていました。その他にも宮中の作りや武士のしきたりなど意外と重要ではないかと思われる背景知識が直接問われはしないものの読解においてキーワードになる場合があります。しっかりと背景知識は入れておきましょう。背景知識をしっかりと入れておくと文中の主語が誰なのかが一層分かるようになります。古文は文中の主語が誰なのかがとても重要ですので自分で長文読解の演出に取り組む際にも意識してほしいです。おすすめの問題集は旺文社出版の全レベル問題集③.④です。

                    🙇‍♂️〔ロードマップ〕🙇

古文単語帳 ex古文単語315 古文単語フォーミュラ600

ステップアップノート（灰色）

旺文社全レベル問題集②〜④

源氏でわかる古文常識（漫画）

速読古文常識

早稲田の国語2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=cUun-nMBTqPwDZPuVCaH","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"古文の勉強法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",20,") コメント(",2,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"8/17 13:22"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"はじめまして！\n\n私ももともと古文ができませんでしたが、最終的には得点源となるような科目にまで伸ばすことができました。\n\n今回は、私の実体験もふまえてお伝えします。\n\n\n古文の勉強は、流れとして英語の勉強に近いものがあります。軸となるのは、単語と文法の知識です。この2つが読解をしていく上で重要な柱になります。\n\n古文単語帳はお持ちでしょうか？\n1冊完璧に覚えてください。\n数としては300〜400語程度だと思いますので、英語に比べたら負担は軽いと思います。\n\n1年生ですと、動詞や形容詞、形容動詞の活用などが授業で行われているところでしょうか？\n\n文法の知識としては、大きく動詞、形容詞、形容動詞、助動詞、助詞、敬語があります。まずは、この知識をしっかり定着させる必要があります。活用はもちろんのこと、どのように訳すのか、例外はあるかといった部分の知識を入れることに全力を注いでください。\n\n複雑な部分もありますが、こちらも英語に比べると量は少ないと思います。\n\n\n\nこの2つがしっかり覚えられると、少しずつ文を訳せるようになると思います。\n\n逆に言えば、この2つがしっかり覚えられないとなかなか点数として成果に表れない科目でもあります。\n\n\nまずは、しっかり知識を入れるところから地道に頑張っていただければと思います。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_848B2C6F7616431286F3331746FA0D8C.jpg?alt=media&token=f9d40ca0-4f9f-4031-a0cd-73b6b73abed2","adviserName":"まー","adviserDepartment":"東北大学教育学部","adviceId":"cUun-nMBTqPwDZPuVCaH","numberOfFan":72,"clipsAvg":10.071856287425149,"adviceRateAvg":4.689781021897811,"profile":"東北大学　教育学部在学中。\n\n\n浪人経験あり。\n受験で酸いも甘いも経験していることが売りです。\n成功と失敗の両方を経験しているからこそ、伝えられることがたくさんああります。\n\n\n受験科目は英語、国語、数学ⅠA、数学ⅡB、日本史B、倫理、政治・経済、生物基礎、地学基礎\n\n得意科目は英語と日本史\n苦手科目は理科基礎\n\n【合格した大学】\n東北大学　教育学部\n慶應義塾大学　文学部\n明治大学　政治経済学部(7科目センター利用)、法学部\n立教大学　法学部\n学習院大学　法学部\n法政大学　法学部、経営学部(7科目センター利用)\n立命館大学　法学部(7科目センター利用)\n成城大学　法学部\n\n\n国立組にしては私大も数多く受けている方なので、国立との両立や国立志望からみた私大の問題のイメージ等をお伝えできるかと思います！\n\n\nもちろん、オンラインで学習指導や勉強計画等の指導も行なっております。\n\n塾講師でアルバイトしていた経験もございますので、是非そちらもご検討ください！\n\n\n皆さんからのご質問には、懇切丁寧にお答えするようにしております。それから、なるべく現実をお伝えするように意識しております。是非ご気軽にご連絡ください！\n\n　　　　　\n\n皆さんのお力に少しでもなれればなと思っております！\n本気で頑張る受験生を応援しています！\nよろしくお願いします！\n\n\n\n\n"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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22:06"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"古文単語帳自体はまだ学校で配られてないので今度書店に行って見てみようと思います\n回答していただきありがとうございます"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mr-2","children":["$","$L19",null,{"avatarUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_848B2C6F7616431286F3331746FA0D8C.jpg?alt=media&token=f9d40ca0-4f9f-4031-a0cd-73b6b73abed2","contributorName":"まー","adviceId":"cUun-nMBTqPwDZPuVCaH"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-2","children":["$","$L1a",null,{"contributorName":"まー","adviceId":"cUun-nMBTqPwDZPuVCaH"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption","children":"8/20 8:14"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs 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mb-1","children":"そこまできたのなら古文・漢文で高得点を狙った方が良いと思いますよ！\n\nいわゆる基礎は固まっていると思います。\n\n\nおそらく質問者様の状況から察するに課題は2つあります。\n\n①英語の精読のような1文をしっかり訳す経験の不足\n②問題演習不足\n\n\nこの2つを丁寧にやれば、基本的には読解力は向上すると思います！\n\n①は学校の古文・漢文の授業でやっているようなもので、1文ずつしっかり品詞分解して、これはどういう品詞で、活用形は何で、意味は何でと丁寧に分析していきます。そして、その判断にはきちんと根拠が言える必要があります。題材は何でもいいです。学校の教科書でも問題集でも何でもいいので丁寧にやれるかどうかがミソです。\n\n②については特になく、ひたすら問題演習をしてください。\n\n漢文においても同様です。\n句法をしっかり覚えたのなら①②をやってみてください！\n\n\n以上になりますが、参考にしていただければ幸いです！\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文、漢文を得意にしたい"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"古文や漢文の勉強は基本的には英語と同じです。\n単語や文法などの基本的な部分を読み、あとは速読、精読を繰り返して、さまざまなジャンルの文章に対応できるようにするだけです。あとは歴史的背景を知ったり、その時代における常識、価値観等を覚えることも古文漢文を読む上では大切になってきますね。\n\nそこで、まずは古文漢文の単語・基本文法を覚えることを優先しましょう。古文単語帳としては桐原書店の古文単語315がオススメです。非常に覚えやすいですし、関連語も含めて600語以上収録されていますし、その他古文常識、和歌の知識なども載っています。\n\n漢文は単語は漢字なのであまり問題ないと思いますが、文法が大事ですよね。オススメの参考文としては漢文のヤマのヤマですね。非常に簡潔にかつ丁寧に漢文文法が説明されています。\n\nこれらに載っていない単語や文法はは演習を重ねていくうちに出てきた新出のものを覚えれば十分でしょう。\n\nまた、古文を強化したいということでしたので、私が使っていた古文の演習用問題集を紹介したいと思います。Z会から出版されている「古文上達」と「最強の古文」です。Z会らしく解説が非常に丁寧で解説を読むだけでもかなりの勉強になります。\n\n古文はその作品がどういうものかさえ知っていればある程度の流れはつかみやすいと思います。またジャンルもそこまで多くはありません。文章の流れの基本形を覚えることも古文、漢文を上達する上では大切ですね。\n\n自分は高校3年になって本格的に古文演習を始めたのですが(京大では漢文はほとんど出ないので…)、高1の春休みから古文漢文を始めれば間違いなく高3になるまでには古文漢文は完璧にできます。応援しています。頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文と漢文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"【古文】\n\n古文に関してはとりあえず単語と文法。\n単語に関しては単語帳一冊を完璧にすれば大丈夫だと思います。ただ古文単語に関してはすぐに忘れてしまうので夏休み中に完璧にして2学期以降にもしっかりと触れていきたいです。覚え方としては、とにかく見る回数を増やす！単純ですが本当に大事です。1回1回覚えるつもりがなくても見る回数を増やしていけば自然と覚えていきます。もしくは音声学習も有効的です。CD付きの単語帳、もしくは自分のスマートフォンにその単語の意味を吹き込んでCD代わりにするなどの方法もあります。\n文法に関しては一冊文法の参考書をやるので充分。自分は参考までに河合塾出版のステップアップノートを使っていました。（灰色）私大、センター含めて難しい文法問題はそこまで出ない印象です。だからこそできないと差がついてしまいます。最低限はやっておくようにしましょう。\n最後に長文。長文読解には単語と文法以外にも背景知識が必要です。有名な作品（源氏物語や落窪物語）に関しては漫画を買って背景知識を入れていました。その他にも宮中の作りや武士のしきたりなど意外と重要ではないかと思われる背景知識が直接問われはしないものの読解においてキーワードになる場合があります。しっかりと背景知識は入れておきましょう。背景知識をしっかりと入れておくと文中の主語が誰なのかが一層分かるようになります。古文は文中の主語が誰なのかがとても重要ですので自分で長文読解の演出に取り組む際にも意識してほしいです。おすすめの問題集は旺文社出版の全レベル問題集③.④です。\n\n【漢文】\n\n漢文に関してはとりあえず1冊参考書を終わらせましょう！！自分は漢文早見表を使っていました。問題集に関してはセンターの過去問を使っていました。早大といってもそこまで難しい漢文の問題は出ないと思います。センターレベルがこなせたら対応できると思います。（早大で漢文が独立問題として出題されるのは文学部、教育学部だと思います。）\n\n\nあくまで参考までに！！そのほかで何か分からないことがございましたらお気軽にご相談ください〜〜"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文の勉強法について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは。\n私は、\n古文単語→音読してダジャレや語呂で覚える\n文法→助動詞意味、活用、接続を完全に覚えて作業ゲーにする\n長文→各大学の過去問の一部を抜粋したもの\nで勉強していました。\n単語帳は、塾の先生がダジャレや語呂で覚えやすいものを手作りしてくれていたので非売品でした…\n文法は参考書を読んで悩むよりも、実戦的な問題集に取り組むことをオススメします。\n古典文法は、問題を解いてその理論を身体で覚えてしまうと楽ですよ。\n長文は書いた通りです。\nこちらも実戦的な問題集をオススメします。\nセンター程度の長さでも十分です。\n最近のセンター古文は文章の長さも長くなり、難易度も高い年が続いているので、実戦的な練習をするのにはちょうどいい腕試しになると思います。\n私は古文が得意科目だったので、アドバイスはとにかく、助動詞の意味、活用、接続を完璧に覚えることです。\n古文は、助動詞や動詞の意味は現代語と違えど、英語のように語順ごと現代語(日本語)と違う訳ではないので、語彙と文法こそマスターしてしまえば簡単に読めます。\nぜひ苦手を克服してください･:* .\\(( °ω° ))/.: \n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n\n古文は覚えることがかなり多いから今から単語と文法、特に助動詞と助詞に力を入れて勉強しよう！いくら読解力がついても最終的には単語と文法ができてないといい点数は取れません！\n\nさて、本題に入りますが、東大の古文漢文は難しいです。古文は、現代語訳と内容説明が問われるます。単語と文法は出来て当たり前の問題を出して来ます。そこで鍵となるのはやはり読解力。古文と言えど国語の試験なので因果関係をつかむことは非常に大切です。論理的思考ができないと全くと言っていいほど点が入らないと覚えておきましょう。現に模試などでも採点は厳しく、特に駿台、30点中5点など結構あります。たまに簡単な問題も入試で出ますが、簡単と言っても内容理解するのが簡単なだけで設問は難しいです。簡単に読める時は採点が厳しくなります。それこそ文法と単語を１つでもあやふやに書いたり訳し忘れてたりするともう命取りです。逆に難読な文章は若干採点が緩くなります。が、それでも解ける人が受かる人です。\n\n東大志望と言えどもピンからキリまでいます。本気で勉強して十分な学力がある人、ボーダーギリギリの人、他の人よりできるからなんとなく東大目指した人(俺ですね)などなどバラバラです。でもやはり受かる人は取るべきところをしっかり取り切り、難しいものでも食らいついて何点かとってきます。\n\nまた、読解を始める時期ですが、ある程度単語と文法が身についてからやることを勧めます。高2の夏くらいからやると余裕を持てるでしょう。ぜひ問題演習は過去問と模試の過去問を！それら以外は二次試験対策にやる必要はほとんどないです。強いて言うなら京大の古文は結構むずいのでオススメします。\n\n余談ですが、漢文は東大むずいので読解力を鍛えておくことをお勧めします。たまにマジで何言ってんのかわかんないのがあるので今からクソムズイ問題に慣れておきましょう！\n\n最後はやはり基礎！単語と文法を固めてたくさん演習しましょう！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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