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1c:Te33,こんにちは。初めまして！

漢文って漢字の羅列に見えてしまって何を言ってるのか分からないですよね、、、😢
私も最初はそうでしたが、多くの文章と触れるうちにだんだん読めるようになり、国語の中では漢文が得点源になりました！✨

【文章を多く読む】
私は句法と用語を暗記した後は共通テストや東京大学の過去問をひたすら解いていました。特別にアウトプット用の教材を購入する必要はないのかな、と個人的には思います。特に、東京大学の漢文には現代語訳の問題があり、そこでは基本的な句法や用語の出題が多く、句法をアウトプットするにはうってつけの問題だと思います！共通テストについては、わかりにくい箇所が出てきたら選択肢を参考にするというのもアリだと思います。実際本番はそうしたほうが速いこともあります。
とにかく、暗記した漢文句法や用字をアウトプットする方法は実際の文章を読むことに限ると思います。

【話の要旨をとらえる】
句法などの基礎事項に加え、話の大筋をとらえることも漢文読解においては重要なスキルです。
１文ずつすべてを順に訳そうとすると、わからない文章が出てくると思います。そんな時にはその文章で止まって熟考するよりも先に進んで１度全文を読み切ることが大切です。
漢文には教訓や主張があることがほとんどです。例えば一国の宰相が皇帝にアドバイスしたり、孔子的なヤツが弟子に渇を入れたり、なんてことが漢文の世界ではたびたび起こります。
このような文章を読むときは、１文ずつ訳そうとするのではなく文章の主張を理解してから、わかりにくい文章に戻って訳してみると、何となく意味がとれるということが多いです。
漢文を読むときは「その文章は要するに何が言いたいのか」を常に意識するといいと思います！

【対句・比喩の確認】
漢文では文章をリズミカルにしするために、対句が頻繁に使われます。
対句というのは同じようなことを、同じ文構造（返り点に注目すると見抜きやすいです）で繰り返して述べることです。つまり、対句を見抜くと、その中の１文を理解できれば残りはすべて同じ論旨なのであんまりわからなくても大丈夫ということです！
漢文では比喩表現もよく使われます。東京大学では比喩の部分に傍線が引かれ、どういうことかを書かせる問題が出題されることがあります。これも本文全体の論点を理解していれば想像しやすくなると思います。比喩表現が出て、一見意味が分からなくてもあせらず最後まで読んでみましょう。

以上長くなってしまい申し訳ありませんm(__)mが、お伝えしたかったことをまとめると、
①漢文句法のアウトプットは共テや東大の過去問がオススメ！
②文章の要旨を常に意識して読む
③対句表現や比喩表現に着目すると読みやすくなるかも、、、
ということです。共通テストでも２次試験でも古文・漢文を国語の得点源にしている受験生は多いと思います。少しでも多くの文章に触れ、１歩ずつ前に進んでいきましょう✨1d:T135a,こんにちは！

　漢文が苦手ということですが、大前提として古文の助動詞、助詞等は入っていますか？
　もしも入っていないのなら、いますぐに回れ右です！

　日本における漢文学、共通テストや東大二次に出るような文は、すべて古文がもとになって読み方、書き下し方が作られました。1000年以上も前に基礎が作られた読み方であるので、当然と言えば当然です。なので、漢文を始める上で古文の文法知識というものは必要不可欠で、古文文法が固まっていないのに漢文をやるというのは自○行為に等しいのです。

　漢字である程度推測がついてしまうのが救いともなる漢文は、それだけに初習者が「勉強しなくてもいけるじゃーん」と勘違いしやすく、複雑な文章が出た途端に解けなくなり「スランプかも」と思い始め、挫折する…というように中途半端な知識ではのちに返り討ちに合う恐ろしいものでもあります。ですから、まずは古文の文法知識を固めましょう。

　目安は共通テスト古文で1ミス以内、東大国語第２問で要素漏れ２以内、７割程度を安定して取れるようになってから漢文に移行するべきでしょう。二次で国語を武器にしたい場合は比較的点をもらい易い古文漢文を得点源にしたほうが効率的なため、満点近く固めでも良いかもしれません。

　古文のおすすめ参考書は
・古文単語315（後ろの方のページに和歌や助詞、文化史に関する知識が集約されていて便利。）
・速読古文常識（古文常識はこの１冊で十分。漢文の古典常識の基礎にもなるため、やるべき。）
・古文上達（文法知識はこれで網羅。集中講義の部分が大事なので注意するべき。）

　です。もしも古文が不安、という場合には以上の３冊を完璧にすれば怖いものなしです。
---
　ここから先は、古文の文法知識がしっかりと身についていることを大前提として、本題である句形アウトプット用の参考書を紹介します。

・ステップアップノート（かなり基礎から復習ができる。書き下しから心配ならおすすめ。）
・漢文道場（１冊でレベル感が広い。実力に応じて使い分けられる。）
・過去問/東大の古典25ヵ年（二次力をつけたいならこれ１択。丁寧な解説が良いなら青本も可。）

　一番のおすすめはやはり過去問です。東大の古典はそこまで難しくなく、語彙/文法/古典常識がしっかりと頭に入っていれば満点も狙える文系では数少ない分野ですので、過去問を駆使して問いに対する答え方を身につけるのが良いかと思われます。

---
○番外編

　ここからは私の老婆心による超個人的なアドバイスです。

　東大文II志望ということで、もちろん数学は大事になってくるでしょうが、国語の、特に古典は点数をとり易いだけに 現代文とは異なり 他の受験生たちもあまり落とさない、逆に言えば落としてしまうとかなりの負担となってしまう分野です。

　その点で考えると、インプットが漢文早覚え速答法のみというのはいささか、いや非常に不安です。漢文早覚え速答法は 理系の古典苦手勢が共通テスト直前にすこしでも点を取るために １週間ほどで完成させるような参考書で、二次試験を見越した勉強をするのであれば、東大受験生のそれも文系がやるのでは不足も不足、付け焼き刃程度にもなりません。

　そこで、「漢文句形とキーワード」という参考書をおすすめします。学校で配られているかもしれませんがやってみてほしいです！漢文のインプットはこの参考書で十分、というほどに必要な知識が網羅されていて、さらに後ろの方のページには漢文のストーリーテンプレのようなものまで載っています。この１冊を網羅するだけで、共通テストはもちろんのこと二次試験もしっかりとした実力を有した状態で臨むことができるでしょう。

---
○まとめ（おすすめ参考書一覧）
★がついているものは、本当におすすめです。
〈古文〉
・古文単語315（★）
・速読古文常識（★）
・古文上達（★）

〈漢文〉
・ステップアップノート
・漢文道場
・過去問/東大の古典25ヵ年（★）
+
・漢文句形とキーワード（★）


　受験、応援しています！頑張って！！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=a2kKzD1di7SycmLL","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"句法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",0,") コメント(",2,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"2/6 21:44"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"hideki","infoString":"高3 栃木県 慶應義塾大学志望","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"漢文の句法は学校で配られている明説漢文というものを使った方がいいでしょうか。\nそれとも市販の参考書を使った方がいいでしょうか。自分で調べたところ、「漢文ヤマのヤマ」と「漢文はや覚え速答法」をやれば十分だと書かれていましたが、これは本当でしょうか。\n稚拙な文ですいません。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"pppps17","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学法学部","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"はや覚えの句法を完璧にすればセンター漢文満点は取れると思います。\n当然単語の暗記、読解の練習は必要ですが。\n\nしかし、漢文には時間をかけずに、古文や現代文に力をさけるように工夫することが戦略として最も大切ではないでしょうか。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"pppps17","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学法学部","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL","numberOfFan":70,"clipsAvg":8.808988764044944,"adviceRateAvg":4.630952380952381,"profile":""}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L17",null,{"id":"adsbygoogle-init-under-advice"}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":["コメント(",2,")"]}],["$","$L18",null,{"adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mr-2","children":["$","$L19",null,{"avatarUrl":null,"contributorName":"hideki","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-2","children":["$","$L1a",null,{"contributorName":"hideki","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption","children":"2/7 1:16"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"はやおぼえの方に載っている句法で十分対応できるのでしょうか？はやおぼえは載っている句形の数が少ないような気がするのですがあまりこのことは気にしないでいいのでしょうか？"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mr-2","children":["$","$L19",null,{"avatarUrl":null,"contributorName":"hideki","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-2","children":["$","$L1a",null,{"contributorName":"hideki","adviceId":"a2kKzD1di7SycmLL"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption","children":"3/11 0:59"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"丁寧にありがとうございます！\nちなみに、ネクステのあとは何をやりましたか？"}]]}]]}]]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/mkpObHMBTqPwDZPuKeRT","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"早稲田大学商学部　漢文について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n\nまず漢文で一番大切なのは句形です！まずはこれを覚えていくことが大切です！参考書としては自分は漢文早覚え速答法がおすすめです！（やまのやまでもOKです！）\nやる参考書としては\n\n漢文早覚え速答法→センター過去問、共通テストの予想問題→過去問\n\nこんな感じの流れで早稲田志望なら早稲田の国語を過去問と並行してやるといいと思います。時期としては遅くても8月から漢文を始めてある程度漢文早覚え速答法を夏休みに一旦仕上げられるとかなりいいと思います！\n\nもちろん9月や10月から漢文を始めても間に合うのですがそうするとどうしても直前期に漢文に時間を取られることになりかねず非常にそれはもったいないです。直前期はやはり社会科目の暗記系などをやるのが最も点数が上がるので漢文は早めに仕上げておくのが理想だと思います！\n\nまた、漢文はある程度早覚え速答法で基礎を固めたらどんどん文章を読んで背景知識をつけていくことが大切です。そうするとある程度文章の展開も最終的には予測できるようになって文章が解けるようになっていくと思います。参考になれば幸いです！また、いつでも何か聞きたければメッセージでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（色々質問答えます！）頑張ってください！\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 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mb-1","children":"こんにちは、私も漢文が苦手で色々な参考書を見てなんとか伸ばしたので回答させていただきます。\n\n漢文早覚え即答法は有名ですよね！私も使っていましたが、これは本質的な理解につながらないと思い途中で辞めてしまいました。\n\n以下では私の漢文の勉強法とおすすめの参考書をら紹介させていただきます。\n\n・句法と読解、単語\n漢文句型とキーワード(Z会)\nこれは間違いなく良書です。漢文の句法は東大レベル以上が載っていて、それぞれに例題がついていて漢文単語も載っています。後半部分では読解法やよく出るテーマも記載されていて、東大の過去問と照らし合わせると確かによく出ているのがわかると思います。\nこの参考書は小さめなので電車の中で読んで何周もしていました。横の例題を使うことでアウトプットができるので非常におすすめです。\n\n・句法と演習\n漢文道場基礎編(Z会)\nレベルは低めですが、苦手な時の基礎を補完するのには適切だと思います。ただこれだけでは不十分なのでとても苦手な場合のみお勧めします。\n\n・句法\nステップアップノート　漢文句法ドリルと演習(河合塾)\nこれはみりゅさんにお勧めで、句法のアウトプットができます。何周もして定着させるのが王道だと思います。\n\n・問題演習、基礎知識整理\n東大古典問題集(鉄緑会)\n漢文の総仕上げにやりましょう。東大の過去問と鉄緑会の解答、解説、鉄緑会による問題の難易度評価と基本的な知識が古文漢文ともに載っています。特に解説は詳しく、全文の現代語訳と解釈法が載っているので句法が正しく頭に入っているかを解説を読みながらチェックできるので東大受験生必携です。\n周りの東大生もみんな使っていましたが、掲載年度が少なめなので解き終わってしまったら25カ年等を買う必要があるのが難点です。\n\n私も塾にはほとんど通えなかったので、独学なら参考書にこだわるのが大事だと思います。大変だと思いますが目指す気持ちを強く持って頑張ってください！応援してます！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"早稲田　漢文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"勉強お疲れ様です！\n\nそもそも漢文は覚えるべきことが決まっています。古文が一通りわかった段階で漢文の勉強に移れば、そこまで時間はかかりません。ということで、もし今の時期、ほかに苦手な科目などがあれば、漢文よりもそちらを優先してください！\n\nちなみに私は即答法を使いました。主な参考書はこれと学校で配られたようなテキストだけだったので、そんなに対応できない、ということは無いと思います！\n即答法のいいところは、必要なことがしっかりとまとまっていることです。また、文章が話し言葉混じりで読みやすいです（そういうのが苦手な人には向かないかも、、）。私は夏休み後半くらいから始めましたが、全然間に合いましたし、特に足りないという内容もありませんでした。\n\nとはいえ、これはあくまでもインプットです。つまり、身につけた知識をアウトプットするための問題集も必要になります。\nそこで私が一番おすすめなのが、センター試験の過去問です。もちろん今は共通テストなので直接は関係ありません。ただ、基礎を確認する問題集としては、かなり優れていると思います。赤本というよりは、一つの問題集として使ってみてください！\n\nそこまで来たら過去問が解けるようになると思います。もし演習量が足りないと感じたら、また参考書を加えてみてください。\n\n漢文は古文同様、音が大事です。「然らば則ち」など、独特の言い回しが多く存在します。だからこそ書き下し文を音読したり、白文から返り点をつけたりする練習がかなり有効です。\nもし学校で漢文の授業があるのなら、それなりに聞いておくと、役に立つのでは無いかと思います！\n\n少しでもお役に立てたら嬉しいです😊\n応援しています！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"漢文のテストの解き方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"正解かどうかは分からないですが…\n\n私の当時の解き方は、英語のように読む。でした。\n\n英語の構文で、SVOCというものがありますが、漢文も同じように、「主語＋動詞＋(補語)目的語」という順番がメインになります。また、英語の熟語のように、漢文にも句形があると思いますが、それを覚えることで、自分で返り点を打ったりして、頭の中で書き下し文を作っていました。\n\nやってることを見ると、漢文を漢文のまま読んでるように思えますが、英語で日本語の並びに直すように、漢文を現代語の並びに直して、単語の意味を取りながら理解するということをしています。\n\n\n\n…ただ、私が今、こうやって偉そうに話していますが、これをできるようになったのは、高3の12月ぐらいです。それまでは、漢文は全く読めなかったですし、模試でも時間がかかりすぎて点数が半分も取れない時もありました。\n\nどうやって勉強したのかというと、\n\nまずは、先程も言いましたが、漢文は主に「主語＋動詞＋目的語」の順番で並んでることを意識します。ほとんど英語と同じです。\n\nそれから、覚えた句法を当てはめることで、返り点を打てるようになったり、意味を取れるようにします。覚えるのは教科書などに載っている重要句法だけで大丈夫です。\n\nさらに、置き字や付属語の意味を理解します。英語で言うと、前置詞や接続詞、助動詞にあたります。これを覚えることで置き字などが理解できるようになります。\n\nこれらを完璧にすると、センター国語だとほとんど満点に近い点数を取れるようになります！\n\n\n英語と同じように、漢文は元々昔の中国語になるので、英語のように文法から勉強する必要があります。ただ、英語よりもシンプルなので、覚えることは少なく、一度覚えるといろんな問題が解けるようになります。\nそれでも、100個ほど覚えなければなりませんが、一つずつ覚えていきましょう。\n\n\n是非参考になればと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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