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17:I[7060,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-03346c8d233b4adb.js","212","static/chunks/212-70508e17017a12c2.js","231","static/chunks/231-5dc9f3acdba63b0c.js","54","static/chunks/54-f848f8ba1c362ca7.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-53a773e0095d4429.js"],"AdUnderAdvice"] 18:I[3194,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-03346c8d233b4adb.js","212","static/chunks/212-70508e17017a12c2.js","231","static/chunks/231-5dc9f3acdba63b0c.js","54","static/chunks/54-f848f8ba1c362ca7.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-53a773e0095d4429.js"],"CommentPostButton"] 19:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-03346c8d233b4adb.js","212","static/chunks/212-70508e17017a12c2.js","231","static/chunks/231-5dc9f3acdba63b0c.js","54","static/chunks/54-f848f8ba1c362ca7.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-53a773e0095d4429.js"],"AdOnAdviceList1"] 1a:Te2c,こんにちは。 ご質問の「英単語を数字で表してる問題」は、早稲田理工3学部の英語試験の終盤に出題される空語補充の問題のことでしょう。 結論から申し上げますと、あの形式の問題ができること自体に、特に意味は無いと考えています。その理由としては ① 本番ではこの問題をじっくり考えられるほど、時間に猶予がないこと ② この問題を練習しても、時間だけ掛かって他大学や他学部の点数向上は望めないこと 等が挙げられます。 ①について、(理工学部を受けないのであればあまり関係はありませんが)理工の英語は問題数が多く、最後に出題される件の問題を全て吟味できる時間は残っていないと思われます。ですから、この問題だけを取り出して演習し、解けるようになること自体にあまり意味は無いでしょう。 ②について、先にも申し上げたようにこの問題は平たく言えば「空語補充」の問題です。文章に合うように単語を一語選ぶ問題ですが、その選択肢に捻りが加えられています。この「捻り」は表の中からアルファベットを見つけるだけのもので、英語力とは関係の無い部分です。ですから、この問題を練習するよりシンプルな空語補充問題を演習する方が他大学・他学部の受験でも必要になる語彙力や瞬発力が身につくと考えられます。 さて、ここまではこの問題の演習に注力しなくても良い理由をお話してきましたが、ここからは「この問題を使って演習をするとしたら」或いは「本番の際この問題にどう取り組むか」といった話をしたいと思います。 一般的な四択の空語補充問題は、初見で見当がつかなくても「選択肢を見て尤もらしいものを選ぶ」ということが出来ますが、この問題ではそれができません。選択肢を1つずつ表と照らし合わせて予想するというのは時間がかかってしまうため、試験時間に余裕がある等でなければ やらない方が良いと思います。 これらを踏まえまして、この問題を解く際には「文だけを見て空語の見当がつく問題だけを解く」というやり方をオススメします。見当がついていれば、単語の頭の1,2文字を表と照らし合わせるだけで答えが分かるため時間もあまりかかりません。演習の際には、見当がつかなかった問題の解答を見て語彙力を強化していくのが良いでしょう。 回答が長くなってしまいましたが、志望する学部でなければ、あのような特殊な問題を演習する必要は無いというのが私の考えになります。逆に言えば、件の問題が解けなかったとしても落ち込んだり焦ったりする必要はありません。仮に理工学部を受けるという場合でも、この問題が解けなかったからと言って英語の点数が極端に低くなることは無いでしょう。 英語が苦手科目ともなれば、このような問題を見ると不安になってしまうかもしれません。しかしここまで書いたように、この問題は見た目ほど恐ろしい問題ではありません。 確実に取れる問題を取って、少しでも英語の点数が上がるように応援しております。頑張って下さいね。1b:Tc50,設問の文言に必ずある「最も適切なものを〜」に気づいていますか？ 多分誰もが中学の時に（もしかしたら高校でも）、「現代文は消去法だ！」って言われているかもしれません。 しかし、その考えは根底から間違っています。 だって、間違っているものをすべて消去した結果残ったものが正解って。。。 本当にそんなことがあるのでしょうか？ そう言う安直な人間を落とせるように、大学側も問題をひねっています。 それは「正解選択肢を２つ作ること」です。。。 え？ってなったかもしれません。 正解が二つ？ いや、正解が二つあってもいいんですよ。 なぜなら「最も適切なもの」を選ばせるのだから。 適当なものの中から、最も適当なものを選ばせるのであれば、別に正解選択肢が２つあっても問題ないですよね？ では解説したいと思います。 基本的には４択であれば、そのうち１つは大ハズレ。 一つは事実錯誤、もしくは逆情報などで間違い選択肢だとします 残りの二つは、「問題を記述問題にした時に、正解の要素が全て揃っているもの」と「問題を記述問題にした時に、正解の要素がかけてはいるが、概ね正解とは言えるもの」です。 じゃあなぜこういう風な選択肢を作るのかと言うと、「記述問題に近い問題を作りたいから」です。 本当は私立大学だって、できることなら国公立と同様に記述問題を使用したい。、しかし資金獲得のため、受験者数も多くとりたい。ならば、仕方なしに解答方法を簡易化し、マークシート型にするしかない。 じゃあマークシートを記述に近づけるにはどうすればいいか？ そう。記述問題で怪異等を作るときのプロセスと同様の解答方法を、選択式問題でさせればいいことになります。 記述問題の解答の作成手順は、まず傍線部を解析した上で、それの換言、もしくは理由説明に必要な解答根拠をなるべく傍線部付近から探し出してきます。 採点官は、解答根拠がどれだけ記述内容に含まれているかを採点します。その上で文の接続、修飾、論理関係などを見ます。 つまり、記述において探し出してきた解答根拠が全部抜け目なく揃っている、もしくは選択肢の中で一番多いものが「最も適切なもの」なのです。 だから私立文系の国語の参考書でも記述問題を扱っているのです。 記述問題を応用したのが、選択問題なので。 皆さんには選択問題の見方を変えて欲しいです。 ４択問題なら、あなた方は４人の記述回答の中で最も高い点数をつけるものはどれなのか？と言う観点で選んでみてください。 多分安定的に点数がとれるはずです。頑張ってください。1c:Tc93,数学と化学に関しては私も現役の時は心当たりがあります。特に数学はセンス的な要素が強いと思っていたので、解ける解けないの差が激しかったです。 さて、少しひねった問題が来ると解けないのが悩みということですが、まず、最低限の勉強ができていることが大事です。おそらくそこらへんはテスト期間で補っているので大丈夫かと思います。 その中で同じような問題で少しひねっている問題というのはどうすればいいかわからないと思うかもしれませんが、解き方としてはひねる前の解き方と同じようなのに気づくことはできているでしょうか？そのような問題の模範解答をじっくり吟味しているでしょうか？その時解けなかった問題はしょうがないですが、そのあとのフィードバックが大事です。そして、この解法やったことがあるなと感じることが大切です。 具体的に述べるのは難しいですが、例えば二次方程式の2解が正の値をとるための条件は f(0)>0 軸>0 判別式≧0 で必要十分ですよね。これは大丈夫でしょうか？ これの少しひねった問題が例えば二次方程式の解が00 f(1)>0 0<軸<1 判別式≧0 で必要十分です。これと先ほどの上の条件と比較すると同じような感じですよね？つまり端点のみに具体的な数字の条件があるときにこのような条件で進めていくのがセオリーです。 上の解法を知識ゼロから解けと言われたら厳しいものがあるかと思いますが、一通り通っていることなら問題を見たときに「あっ、この問題はこの解法かな？」と瞬時に判断できるはずです。その感覚が大事です。「あー、これどうすればいいんだっけ…？」みたいな感じになっているのは良くないです。 これは勉強する時は問題を解き始める前に一瞬立ち止まって考えください。これを意識するしないとでは雲泥の差です。これは私自身、現役の時には気づかなかったことですが、浪人してからはこのことを意識するだけで、解ける問題のレパートリーが増えました。 闇雲にただ問題をこなすだけなら、むしろその場しのぎになってしまいます。それなら、数学の問題とかは時間がないのなら問題をみてこのような解法でいけばいいかなと思えるなら解かなくていいです。 要は、解き方に“意識“して問題演習を行ってください。時間のかける方はこっちの方です。 模試の前とかは、全国模試であれば定期テストなどでできなかった問題の教科書レベルの類題を確認する感じでいいと思います。高校生は部活等で時間がないと思われますので。1d:Te4b,過去問を中心に実践的な演習を積み重ねているのはとても良いアプローチですね。しかし、「初見の問題で符号ミスや正の向き、使用文字の扱いを間違えてしまう」という悩みは、物理の典型的なつまずきの一つでもあります。ここでは、いくつかの具体的な対策を提案します。 1. 問題文の読み取り精度を高める 物理では「正の向き」や「定義された文字の意味」が問題文に明確に記載されていることが多々あります。解き始める前に、必ず問題文を一字一句確認し、向きや文字が指定されていれば図やメモにしっかり落とし込んでください。焦ると読み飛ばしが起きやすいので、あえて「問題文を再読する」時間を作るのがポイントです。 2. チェックリストの導入 「図に正の向きを必ず書き込む」「使う文字をメモする」などのルールは既に実践しているとのことですが、もう一歩踏み込みましょう。たとえば以下のようなチェックリストを問題ごとに“必ず”確認します。 •  軸や  軸など、座標系や正の向きを図に描いているか • 質点や力の作用点は正しく図示しているか • 使って良い文字・定義された文字を再確認しているか • 途中計算で符号の取り扱いを変えていないか（途中で向きを反転していないか） このチェックリストは自分専用のノートや演習プリントにまとめ、解答後に必ず照らし合わせる習慣をつくると、作業がルーチン化してきます。 3. ミスの原因を「言語化」して記録 初見の問題で符号ミスをしてしまったら、「なぜ符号を間違えたのか」を自分なりに具体的に言葉で残すことが大切です。たとえば「力の向きの想定を逆にしていた」「座標系を途中で混乱させた」「問題文の条件を見落とした」など、原因を明確に書き出し、再発防止策を同時にメモします。後から読み返すと、同じパターンの失点を繰り返さずにすみます。 4. 時間を区切った演習で“再現性”を高める 本番では限られた時間で複数の大問を解く必要があります。そのため、過去問を解く際は「本番同様に時間を決めて解き、最後にチェックの時間を少し設ける」という練習を行いましょう。残り5分程度を「符号や文字の使い方を最終確認する時間」に充て、計算ミスを潰すルーティンを身につけると、試験本番でも落ち着いて確認ができます。 5. 矢印や数式を“目視で”再チェックする 物理の解答では、文字情報だけでなく矢印・ベクトルの向き、式変形の流れも大切です。計算の途中式や図を自分で「読み上げる」「指で追う」などのアナログな方法でチェックすると、思わぬ符号のズレに気づきやすくなります。 これらを踏まえ、ミスが多発している大問だけでなく、一見スムーズに解けた大問でも「符号の扱いが本当に合っているか」を徹底的に振り返ることを心掛けてください。符号ミスの克服は地味な確認作業の積み重ねですが、習慣化すれば必ず安定した得点力に繋がります。どうか最後まで粘り強く取り組んで、本番での120点達成を目指してください。応援しています。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=XuHbjTqgahefBdOmxCdC","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"有効数字がわからない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",0,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"2/6 16:44"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_nE7gmzurj2UKCtbiayUT1546wuc2.jpg?alt=media&token=2c573375-cfe9-4908-a1bf-9b8b0bba110f","clientUserName":"zn","infoString":"高卒 沖縄県 神戸大学工学部(61)志望","adviceId":"XuHbjTqgahefBdOmxCdC"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"有効数字の取り方がわかりません。例えば、有効数字3桁で記せという問題で、計算の答えが「11.2×10⁻²」だった場合、0.112と答えるべきなのか1.12×10⁻¹と答えるべきなのかわかりません。教えてください！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"ryu031ki","adviserDepartment":"東京大学理科一類","adviceId":"XuHbjTqgahefBdOmxCdC"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"はじめまして、ご質問にお答えさせていただきます、東京大学理科I類の者です。\n\n10^-1の場合はわざわざその表記にせず、0.112のように書いてあげれば良いです。\n\n有効数字は誤差を含みながらも、知りたい位まで(例えば実験などで機械が読み取れるであろう数値の限界)示れば良いです。\n\nそれを1.12×10^-1と答えようが、0.112と答えようがそこで点数が引かれるということは、大学入試においてはありえません。あるとすれば、表記の指定がある場合なので問題文はしっかり読んだほうがいいです。\n\nただ、基本的に問題文などに出てくる数値の表記に合わせてあげれば大丈夫なので、心配だというのであれば、合わせて書けばよろしいかと思います！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"ryu031ki","adviserDepartment":"東京大学理科一類","adviceId":"XuHbjTqgahefBdOmxCdC","numberOfFan":35,"clipsAvg":8.2,"adviceRateAvg":4.866071428571429,"profile":"大阪出身です。\n上位高校ではないところから逆転合格しました！\nなんでも相談に乗ります！"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"思考の流れが追える程度で大丈夫です。\n細かい式変形などはスキップしてよく、\n例えば「こんな図が描けて、釣り合いからこの式が立つので、答えは◯」という粒度です。\n\n教授の独り言なので定かではないですが、\n採点のときに見るのは「正しく思考しているか」らしいです。\nつまり、計算過程などどうでもよく、\nどの情報・理論を使い、どのような式を立てたか。\nもちろん正答しているかも重要ですが、\n正しい理論に基づいて思考しているか、を見ているとのことです。\n(何度も言いますが、教授の独り言です。ホントのところは分かりません。)\n\nしたがって、他の人が質問者さんの解答を見て、\nどう考えて解答に至ったのかが判ればよいということです。\n式変形も文字の定義も細かく書く必要はありません。\n　この関係を使うとこの式が立つので、\n　これを解いて答えはAです。\nこの程度で十分伝わります。\n\nまた、解答のまとめ方ですが、\n多くの人がやっているように、\n私は試験前に真ん中に縦線を引いていました。\n東大の解答用紙は普通に使うには横に広すぎるので、\n2行に分けることで見やすく、書きやすくなります。\n(これは理科に限らず数学でも使えるのでご活用ください。)\n\n解答の記述に慣れるには、\n普段から自分の思考を書き出す癖をつけてください。\n私のオススメは、計算用紙と解答用紙を分けることです。\n計算用紙は裏紙でもなんでも良いです。\n解答用紙は罫線の入ったノートが良いと思います。\n\n問題演習の際は、解答用紙の真ん中に線を引き、\n1週間後に見直しても自分がどう考えていたのか分かるよう記述してください。\nもちろん知識問題は思考も何もないので答えだけで良いですが、\nその他の問題はすべて、思考の過程を文字化してください。\n文字にすることで、論理的思考も鍛えられるので一石二鳥です。\n\n最後になりますが、解答すべき問題に気をつけてください。\n東大の理科では、小問一つで2つ解答を求められることが多々あります。\n(〇〇はなにか。また、□□を考慮して〇〇を求めよ。みたいに。)\n私は本番、これで1つ解答を飛ばしてしまいました。\n取れる点数を落とさないためにも、\n解答すべき文言が出てきたら下線を引くでも丸をつけるでも、\nパッと見て何が問われているのかが分かる印をつけると良いと思います。\n\n以上、参考になれば幸いです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"数学の記述においての癖"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして。\n正直｢使い方次第｣というのが本音です笑。よく｢問題で提示されている条件を満たす｣という身で｢題意を満たす｣という表現を用いますが、そういう理解でしょうか？そういう理解という前提で話します。\n減点はされるかどうかは分かりませんが、問題に条件が多いと、どれを示しているのか曖昧になります。そうなると、今どこの条件を使ったのか出題者が分からないということが起こり得て、せっかく合っていてももったいないことになります。\n解答で必要なのはわかりやすいかどうかです。多少めちゃくちゃでも出題者は大学教授だから何となくわかってくれるという人がいますが、確かに白紙よりはマシですが、別に大学教授はその問題を解く手伝いをして欲しくて出すと言うより、その問題を通して求めているものを論理的にわかりやすく説明して欲しくて出していると私は思います。条件を漏らしていないか、必要性・十分性を担保しているか。ただ解いて欲しいだけだったらそれらはそこまで厳しい採点基準にはならないはず。でも実際はなっている(大学にもよるとは思いますが)。\n何が言いたいかと言うと、少しでもわかりにくいと思ったらやめた方がいいと思う、ということです。試験は実は相対評価です。絶対評価的な部分はありますが、受験生全体の出来次第で採点基準を変更しています。なので、わかりやすい文章を書く受験生と何を指しているのかわかりにくい受験生が居たらどっちを取るか、と考えた時に、わかりやすく曖昧な記述は避けた方がいいだろう、というのが私の考えです。\nまぁほとんど私の憶測なので参考程度に流し読んでいただければと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"問題状況を正確に出来るだけ早く把握してミスを防ぐにはどうすればよいか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"東工大情報理工学院1年の者です。\n\n勉強お疲れさまです。\n\n東工大の物理は、記述式だし、後半の計算が重いし、なかなか大変だと思います。\n\nここから、計算ミスを無くすコツについて解説しようと思います。\n\nまず、持論ですが、なぜ計算ミスをするかの理由をご説明します。\n\nひとつの側面として、計算ミスは、自分の能力が、問題の方針を立てることが出来るくらいには高いが、問題の方針を立てつつ、計算ミスに気をつけることが出来るくらい脳のリソースを余らせることが出来ていないから発生するのです。\n\n2回目で高得点が取れるのは、一回目で方針を知っていて、計算ミスを対策するのに使う脳のリソースが余っているからです。\n\nですから、もう受験まで1ヶ月を切っていますが、ひたすら経験値を積み続けることが大切です。\n\n次に、即効性のある計算ミスを減らす方法をお伝えします。\n\nそれは、極端な例を考えることです。\n\n簡単な例で、2つの物体が衝突することを考えましょう。\n\n反発係数が絡むので、符号ミスが起きやすいと言えば起きやすい例だと思います。\n\n質量m_aの物体Aが速度vで移動していて、時刻t=0で質量m_bの物体Bに衝突したとしましょう。反発係数はeとします。この時の衝突後のAとBの速度を求めなさい。\n\nこの問題に対する答えは、分数になってここに書くのは難しいので省略しますが、例えばeを0にしたならば、物体AとBは同じ速度で運動しなければおかしいです。\n\nさらに、物体Bの質量を無限にしたら、物体Aは動かない壁と衝突した時と同じ挙動を示さなければおかしいです。\n\n物体Aの質量を無限にしたら、物体Aの速度は変わらないはずです。\n\nこのように、ある変数を極端な値にとったとき、解答が矛盾していないか考える事はかなり有効な手段です。\n\nこの手法は、物理に限らず、数学などでも有効です。\n\n以上になります。\n\nあと1ヶ月弱頑張ってください。貴方が後輩になる日を心待ちにしております。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"場合の数・確率がどうしてもできません"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"苦手分野だからといって、捨てることはあまりオススメしません。\n\n残り時間が少ないから、限られた勉強時間でとれる得点を上げるために…と考えたくなるのはよくわかります。選択問題では苦手分野を回避できますが、2次試験では全員に同じ問題が課されます。たとえば、基礎レベルの確率分野の問題でるかもしれません。難易度が高くないなら正答率は高くなるでしょう。ですが、苦手分野だからといって捨てれば、周りとかなり差をつけられてしまいます。ですので、苦手分野であれど、苦手なりに対策しておくことが大切になってくると思います。\n\nたとえばセンターの選択問題で、時間を測るときは図形を選ぶが、あとで確率分野も解いてみる。青チャート等の問題を全て解くのは厳しいけど、このレベルまでは解けるようにしておく。など、苦手なりではあるけれど、対策をしてほしいと思います。少しでもやっときゃよかった…と後悔してるときには遅いので…\n\n残りの期間、頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 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