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19:Tbbd,【英語】
英語に関してはまずは単語。単語は自分の使っている単語帳を夏休みを終えるまでにはその単語を見た段階で意味がわかるレベルまで持っていきましょう。あくまで参考までに私は単語王という英単語帳を使っていました。単語には上限があるのでそこまで極める必要はありません。ある程度まで極めたら類推能力をつけましょう。
次に文法。文法も同じく１つの参考書を完璧に仕上げましょう。参考までに私はoutputという学研出版の参考書を使っていました。（かなり分厚いですが解説がとても丁寧！）
単語と文法に関しては夏休み中に仕上げる必要があります。二学期以降は単語、文法に取り組む時間、モチベーションがありません。ぜひとも苦手は克服しましょう。
次に構文も大事です。ポレポレかtop gradeがおすすめです。文章を読むには単語、文法、構文理解どれも重要でかけてはならない要素です。夏休み中に土台は作っておきましょう。
次に長文。ここはもっとも大事な要素であり私大の受験では点数の大半を占めます。長文を読むために必要なことは２つ。正確性とスピードです。前者の正確性は単語、文法、構文理解が基礎となりそこから背景知識や読解力が問われる分野です。夏休み中は上記挙げた通り単語や文法、構文理解に時間をかけましょう。と同時に後者のスピードもとても大事です。スピードを早めるのに最も効果的な方法は音読です。同じ文章を何度も音読、CDなどを聞いてシャドーイングすることを勧めます。そして音読をする際に意識してほしいこと
1 音読のペースでその分の構文が理解できる。
→これは１つの指標です。具体的に言うと音読のスピードでSVOCが分かるか、関係詞や同格などが分かるかなどです。
2 音読のペースでその分の意味が理解できる
→文章の理解には単語、文法、構文理解が必須です。この３つを音読のペースでできたら怖いものなしですね…
3 音読のペースで文章全体が理解できる
→文章全体とはそのパラグラフの役割、ポジションが理解できるということ。難関大学になるにつれ文章を読む際の緩急が求められます。スピードを自分で自由に変えられるようになったら難関大学でも通用する英語力がついてきた１つの目安だと思います。

英語に関してはこんな感じです。まとめると夏休み中は英語力、具体的に言うと文章を読む際の正確性とスピードを意識した勉強がおすすめです。
何か分からないことがありましたら何でもお聞きください！1b:T1426,ワニさん、はじめまして。現役時早稲田商学部を受験し、合格致しましたので、お力になれればと思います。

本回答は以下の構成となっております。
①ワニさんが現在合格ラインにいるかどうか
②過去問を解く際に気をつけること
③英語の具体的勉強法

以上、2点です。

①ワニさんが現在合格ラインにいるかどうか
結論、早稲田商合格ラインにいます。

私からみてワニさんは全く問題がないのです。今の時期はどうしてもネガティブになりやすいので仕方ないと思います。
合格ラインにいる根拠をお話ししたいと思います。
なお、今回は早稲田の過去問に絞って話します。

ワニさんの学力を整理したいと思います。
なお、点数は早稲田商学部の過去問で取っている点数と想定します。
英語：5割
（基礎は固まっている、長文が弱い自覚あり）
国語：7割
世界史：記号抜きで9割

次に、早稲田大学商学部における過去10年の平均点の中央値が以下のようになります。

英語：38.081点/80点　「4割7分」
国語：34.9点/60点　「5割8分」
世界史：36.764点/60点　「6割1分」

以上のように、ワニさんの学力はおそらく平均は全科目で上回っており、特に世界史においては極めて良い成績であると言えるでしょう。

商学部では全科目で標準化が行われますので、平均点は全科目で上回ることは必須です。したがって、すでにもうそれがクリアできていることは喜ぶべきです。
最終目標は、全科目平均点プラス2割（苦手科目では最低でもプラス1割）といったところですが、まだ本番まで丸2ヶ月ありますので、現時点で合格点が取れなくても全く問題ありません。


②過去問を解く際に気をつけること

結論、毎度平均点を必ず調べることです。

早稲田受験においては平均点が大きく変動する年があります。高い年と低い年でひどい時は2割ほど変わります。
自分の点数だけをみて一喜一憂するのではなく、平均点と比べてどれだけプラスだったか、マイナスだったかを見るべきです。

受験において、感情ベースで勉強することは明らかに負の方向に作用します。受験は点数だけで全てが決定される世界だからです。もう少し、理論ベースで勉強できるようになると良いと思います。

③英語の勉強法
ここではいくつかのパートに分けて話していきます。
A.単語について
単語帳をとりあえず一冊ほとんど覚えきっているようで素晴らしいと思います。それでも分からない単語が多すぎるということですが、それはおそらく全員そうです。
大学は本質的には難単語を知っているかどうかを問うているのではありません。（社学やたまに教育は話が違いますが）
大学が要求しているのは知らない単語がある中でもなんとか内容を読み取って、解いていく能力なのです。ゆえに過去問の数をこなして、その能力を鍛えていくことが重要と言えます。



B.英文の内容が頭に入らず、字を追っているだけ

この問題は、過去問を解きはじめた受験生によく現れる症状です。
原因としては、急に制限時間を意識して解くようになったことで、時間に追われ、焦って読もうとすることによるものです。
その結果、解答根拠をしっかりもたないまま、なんとなくで選択肢を選ぶことによるものです。
解決策としては、解答根拠をしっかりと把握してから、解答することです。


具体的には解答根拠となる場所に線を引くなどしてから解答すると良いでしょう。これは現代文や古文漢文などにもいえます。

ただし、早稲田の問題でこの訓練をするのはなかなか難しいものがあるので、一度簡単なレベルの問題に立ち返ると良いでしょう。私はセンター試験を推奨しております。問題が良質で確実に根拠となる部分が有るからです。選択肢をよく練られています。
わざわざセンター試験の過去問を買いに行ったりコピーするのがめんどくさい場合は、入試が簡単な大学の過去問をお持ちのようですので、そちらでも構わないと思います。（できればセンター試験のが良いとは思います）

以上が、ワニさんにできる私からのアドバイスとなります。お世辞でもなんでもなく合格ラインにいると思うので、世界史は全く問題ないので、英語の勉強を重点的にやっていただければ良いと思います。
最後までお読みいただきありがとうございました。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=XYdQzht2zMBFAvOP","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"英文法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",7,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"9/9 17:49"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"動詞の語法の覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして！\n\n動詞の語法ですが、最終的に頭にさえ入ればいいので絶対こうしないといけないというのはないです。むしろ人それぞれ合うやり方があるので色々試してみるといいかと思います。それが分からないから質問している！と思うかもしれませんが、｢覚え方｣よりも先に｢覚える内容｣について少し言及させてください。\n\n語法を覚えたいとのことですが、恐らく知らない単語がたくさん…と言うより知ってる単語に新たに知識を紐づけることに苦戦しているのかと思います。ただ全く新しい内容よりかはそういえば見た事・聞いた事あるような語法も割とあるかと思います。そういう時は新しく覚えるというより今まで見てきたものを整理する意識が大切です。\n\n結論から言うと、文型を意識するとかなりスッキリすると思います。\n例えば第四文型や第五文型をとる動詞はそこまで多くないので、まとめて覚えておく(調べれば色々出てくると思います)。\n第一文型(自動詞)と第三文型(他動詞)の両方をとる動詞もありますが、それも頻出分はまとめて覚えておく。また、自動詞の活用とと他動詞の活用で意味を分けて見るそれぞれで通ずるところが多いことがあります。\n\n最も大変なのが前置詞を伴う活用かと思います。\n多くの動詞には相性がいい前置詞があります。なので前置詞ごとではなく、各動詞が相性のいい前置詞を抑えておく方が効率的です。意外とそういうのは単語帳の隅に記載されてることが多いので、そういう所を中心にもう一周するのも手です。\n\nここで覚え方ですが、色々整理してみるとそこまで多くないと思います。書いた方が覚えられるなら書けばいいし、毎日目を通すだけで十分ならそれでいいと思います。僕自身ただ一覧リストを渡されると｢どう覚えたらいいんだ？｣とパニックになりますが、覚えるべきことが分かってからは早かったです。しきさんもまずはそれを意識してみると色々やり方が自ずと見えてくるかと思います。\n\n以上です。\n私なりの解釈で回答したので、聞きたいことと違う！と思った場合は申し訳ないです。また追加で質問していただければ対応します。\nそれでは勉強頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"どこまでが基礎なのか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"かしこまりました。早稲田大学の商学部で社会選択とのことなので、私の意見は幾分か参考になると思われます。\nまず基礎に関する定義なのですが、古文であったら文法(助動詞・助詞含め)全ての習得・単語帳300語レベルの習得を想定しています。文法に関しては例えば、古文上達の基礎編に記載されている事項を完全理解し、運用できるレベルです。英語の基礎に関しては2000弱レベルの単語帳の一語一訳暗記(具体的にはターゲット1900やシステム英単語系列のレベル帯)と英文法網羅系参考書に記載されている英文法事項(ネクステージやビンテージといったようなものの文法編)を完全に理解・運用できるレベルまで仕上げることを想定しています。漢文は範囲が他科目に比べて圧倒的に狭いため基礎も何もありません。やまのやまや早覚え等の市販の参考書で頻出句形とされているものを全て理解し、また頻出熟語を50語ほど覚えている状態を指します。日本史は質問者様がおっしゃられているようなセンター8割が1番わかりやすい基準となります。こちらに届かないようなら教科書や講義系の読み込みが足りないことになりますので、そちらの反復がいいかと思われます！\n基礎の定義に関しては各個人の志望校によりけりで不定な形をとっているように私は考えています。それぞれ、早慶ならここまでが土台、上智ならここまでが土台、MARCHならここまでが土台…といったように自分に合わせた土台作りが重要です！\nまた何かありましたら、コメントの方から質問ください！\nファン登録や高評価などしていただけると幸いです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文、単語と文法のあとはなにをやればいいのか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"そこまできたのなら古文・漢文で高得点を狙った方が良いと思いますよ！\n\nいわゆる基礎は固まっていると思います。\n\n\nおそらく質問者様の状況から察するに課題は2つあります。\n\n①英語の精読のような1文をしっかり訳す経験の不足\n②問題演習不足\n\n\nこの2つを丁寧にやれば、基本的には読解力は向上すると思います！\n\n①は学校の古文・漢文の授業でやっているようなもので、1文ずつしっかり品詞分解して、これはどういう品詞で、活用形は何で、意味は何でと丁寧に分析していきます。そして、その判断にはきちんと根拠が言える必要があります。題材は何でもいいです。学校の教科書でも問題集でも何でもいいので丁寧にやれるかどうかがミソです。\n\n②については特になく、ひたすら問題演習をしてください。\n\n漢文においても同様です。\n句法をしっかり覚えたのなら①②をやってみてください！\n\n\n以上になりますが、参考にしていただければ幸いです！\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"等位接続詞のカンマが分からないです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"主語はMan’s progress in making  weapon and toolsで動詞はaccompanied、目的語はthe developmentですね。カンマで挟まれた部分は文法上取り除いても文は成り立ちます。しかし主語が長い文でその主語全体を修飾したい時カンマで等位接続をします。つまり和訳すると、人間の武器や道具を作ることにおける進歩(初めは青銅だったが鉄になった)は〜の発達と共にしたという感じですかね。まあカンマで挟まれた部分は修飾してるって考えましょう。使い方とあるので英訳で使うのでしょうか？自分としては複雑なのでオススメしません。\nカンマは状況に応じていろんな使い方があって説明しきれません、ごめんなさい🙏しかし和訳の場合だと和訳の練習を重ねるにつれてだんだんと慣れてきて意味がわかるようになりますよ！日本語にしておかしくないかが一番大事です！全体をまず大まかに訳してそこにちょっとずつ詳しく訳していくという感じが和訳のコツかと思います。主語述語目的語をとらえることが全体の把握につながりますよ！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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