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1c:Te13,こんにちは！

早稲田の英語には他の大学と違って１つの大きな壁があると考えていいと思います！！まだ解けなくても最終的に解けるようになれば良いので焦らず12月〜1月に合格最低点が取れるようになりましょう！！
ここでは

⭐️① 早稲田の長文を読めるための参考書
⭐️② 早稲田の長文を読むコツ

この２つについて書いていきたいと思います！！

⭐️① 以下の参考書がお薦めです！！

単語　速単上級orパス単準一級

解釈　ポレポレ

長文　英語長文ソリューション3→関正夫のthe rules3→英語長文ポラリス3→関正夫のthe rules4

このような参考書です！正直今の早稲田の試験においては年々レベルが上がっているので2冊目の単語帳は必須であると思います！
速単上級とパス単準一級の好みで選ぶといいと思います！

ポレポレのやり方は以下がおすすめです！参考にしてみて下さい！

①  全文読んでSVOCをとっていく。（和訳はどちらでもOKです。最悪読むだけでも大丈夫ですがとにかく構文を掴んで意味を掴むことに意識を集中させることが大切です！）

② 解説を見て構文をとりなおして訳をなおす。

③ しっかり一文ずつ構文がわかり訳ができるようになったら最初から音読する。

④ つっかえずに音読できるようになったら次に進む。


⭐️② これは誰しもがこの早稲田の英語で詰まるのである意味このレベルまできたかとあくまでポジティブに捉えていきましょう！ここでは主に2つ早稲田の長文を読めるためのポイントを紹介したいと思います！

① パラグラフリーディング

このパラグラフリーディングができるかが早稲田の長文を読む上で非常に大切だと思います！英語は最初に抽象的なことを言い、その後徐々に具体的なことを言って自分の主張を高める傾向にあります！つまり、最初の一文が1番言いたいことになることが多く、その抽象的な一文を噛み砕いて説明していくというパラグラフの構成が最も多い英語の形です！これをわかると少しは長文が読みやすくなると思います！

② 早稲田レベルの長文への慣れ

次はとにかくこの早稲田レベルの長文に慣れるということです！やはり英語は言語なため最終的には慣れていかないと読めるようにはなっていかないと思います！長文の復習の具体的なやり方は以下のやり方がおすすめです！参考にしてみてください！

① 長文問題を解く

② 丸つけをして解説をみて、なにがわからなかったのかどうすれば解けたのかをしっかり考える。

③ 一文ずつ丁寧に本文を読んでわからなかった単語や熟語は調べてノートに書き出す。

④ 最初から最後まで本文がわかるか音読して確かめる。（声に出さなくても口は動かす）

参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）

また、UniLink パートナーのオンライン受験相談も実施しています！興味がある方はメッセージよろしくお願いします！！！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=Tk5I4ngBTqPwDZPuQJWQ","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"早稲田大学文学部 英語 要約問題の書き方について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",9,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"4/18 0:01"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"なぎ","infoString":"高3 奈良県 早稲田大学文学部(69)志望","adviceId":"Tk5I4ngBTqPwDZPuQJWQ"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"早稲田大学文学部の英語の要約問題はどのような形式・内容で、またどのくらいの字数で書けば良いのでしょうか？"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_D81DFB66A554488681C4EBD7F0D50A6C.jpg?alt=media&token=b1ee3fb3-f1e3-40d0-b2ae-8eecadeb7a0c","adviserName":"penguin","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学文化構想学部","adviceId":"Tk5I4ngBTqPwDZPuQJWQ"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"初めまして、早稲田大学文化構想学部のペンギンです。よろしくお願いします！\nこの時期から要約に手が回っているのすごいです！私は昨年のこの時期、長文さえまともに読めていませんでした…。あれは結構面倒な問題で、色々な噂がありますが、力を使うわりにあまり配分が高くないんだとか。差がつく問題ってほどでもないので、そこまで焦らなくても大丈夫だと思います。\nその上でまず形式ですが、500語程度の文章を”自分の言葉で”まとめるというものです。4年ほど前からは、書き出しが与えられていて、その後ろを4〜10語でまとめなさいという出題に変わりました。非常に短いので、しっかりと要点を掴まなくてはなりません。私は塾の先生に、「文章を読み切った後のに感じる印象を大切にしてほしい」と言われました。最後の3行ぐらいでガラッと話が変わることがありますが、そういう時は後半の内容を重視した方がいい、と。また、文法があっていれば余程のことがない限り１点は貰えるらしいので、気をつけてみてください。\nあとは、慣れですね。最初は意味が分からなくても場数を踏めば少しづつ掴めてくるはずです。まさに私がそうでした。文化構想学部の英語も全く形式が同じなのでぜひたくさん解いてみてください！\n少しでもお役に立てたら嬉しいです！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_D81DFB66A554488681C4EBD7F0D50A6C.jpg?alt=media&token=b1ee3fb3-f1e3-40d0-b2ae-8eecadeb7a0c","adviserName":"penguin","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学文化構想学部","adviceId":"Tk5I4ngBTqPwDZPuQJWQ","numberOfFan":121,"clipsAvg":401.1666666666667,"adviceRateAvg":4.691358024691358,"profile":"受験科目　英語　国語　日本史\n共通テスト初年度受験者\n\n第一志望を諦める人をなくしたい\nお気軽に相談してください☺️☺️\n"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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0:04"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"ありがとうございます！\n文法完璧にしてみます！"}]]}]]}]]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/GVL5FYMBTqPwDZPuVtku","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"早稲田　要約対策"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"勉強お疲れ様です！\n\n文学部・文化構想学部英語の、大問5のことですね。これは対策が難しい問題の一つですよね。\n\nまず一つ言っておきたいのが、とりあえず大問4までの正答率を上げることを優先してほしい、ということです。語彙問題は覚えるしかないのが現状ですが、空欄補充などは慣れが必要です。逆に言えば、最初解けなくても何度も挑戦しているうちにだんだんコツがつかめてきます！\nまた、点数配分は公開されていないものの、この問題は5点くらいではないかと言われています。さらに、文字数と文法があっていれば、よほどのことがない限り1点はもらえるそうです。ということで、まずは前半の問題を優先することをお勧めします！\n\nとはいえ、何も対策しないのは不安ですよね。\n文・文構の要約で一番のポイントは、字数制限があり、それがかなり短いことだと思います。短いからラッキー！と思いきや、意外とまとめるのに苦労しますよね。\nそのため私は普段の長文演習から、長い文章を短い一文にまとめる、ということをしていました。英語が理想ではありますが、最初は日本語でも大丈夫です。\n\nまた、短い言葉で適切な言い回しができるように、イディオムを積極的に覚えるようにしました。この際、普通の文法問題集ももともと使っていたのですが、素っとそれを使うのも飽きるなと感じたため、整序問題集を使うことにしました。塾の先生に勧められた、「全解説頻出英語整序問題850」というものです。結構ボリュームはありますが、もし余裕があるならぜひ手に取ってほしいです。私は11月くらいから始めましたが何週かはできたので、そこまで慌てなくても大丈夫です。\n\n英作文の枠組みにされることが多いですが、より「文章の言いたいことを端的にまとめる」力が必要になってくると思います。そのため、言い換え表現などが出てきたときは積極的に覚える等すると、役に立つかもしれません！\n\n少しでもお役に立てれば嬉しいです。\n応援しています！！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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mb-1","children":"英語について。まず先に文学部と問題形式が同じなので、併願すると良いですし、過去問も一緒に解くと良いと思います。\n\n第Ⅰ問……空所補充。ここは意外と総合的な力が問われる問題です。パッと見では語彙が問われているように思えますが、文章を正確に読む読解力、文法的に入らない語句も選択肢にはあるので、純粋な英語力が出てしまいます。\n\n第Ⅱ問……内容合致。基本的な対策はセンターで十分です。センター試験で8割を超えるようになってから過去問で練習しましょう。選択肢の英文が難しかったりするので、よく読んでください。\n問題となっている所の前後をゆっくり読むだけで結構正解できます。\n\n第Ⅲ問……適文補充。ここが早稲田文・文構のオリジナルであり、他の受験生と差が出る所です。この形式の問題は他にないので、過去問から取り組むべきです。過去問でこの手の問題がどのように作られているのかを研究し、その後に読む長文でどこが抜かれそうか自分で考える癖をつけます。\n確か形式段落の1番最初の文が度々抜かれることがありましたが、でしたら他の長文を読む時に、もし抜かれるならどの形式段落の頭か。そしてそれを答えるとしたら、何を根拠にするか自分で考えます。\nこの第Ⅲ問が全問正解できれば、合格は王手です。\n\n第Ⅳ問……空所補充。会話文の体を成していますが、会話文としての対策は不要です。\nむしろ選択肢の単語・熟語・慣用句・英文が難しいため解けない場合が多いので、まずは過去問の選択肢を全て眺め、どのくらい分かるか調べてみてください。それによって今後の勉強を決めてください。\n\n第Ⅴ問……英文要約。しかも1文で。これまた特殊な、他に対策の仕様がない問題です。まずは接続詞、関係詞、等位接続詞などを使いこなせるようにし、長い1文の英作文をする準備を整えます。後は過去問でも他の長文でも、1文で要約する訓練をし、誰かに添削してもらってください。(実は)減点方式なので、危ない橋は渡らず平易な英語で正確に的確に要約してください。\n\nがんばってください。応援しています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"早稲田の英作文の勉強方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"第一志望が早稲田の文学部ということで、文・文構の一文要約のことと解釈してよろしいでしょうか？もし違かったらもう一度回答させていただきますので、また聞いてくださいね。\nこの大問は一文で受験生の語彙力や文法力、読解力など様々な能力を調べることができるため、非常に良問と言われています。これらの力は一朝一夕に身につくものではないため、一番の対策は日々の学習でこれらの力をしっかり作り上げていくことです。\n特に自分の言葉で書くことが求められるので、単語を覚えるときには同じ意味の言い換えに注意しましょう。\n加えて、長文を解いた後に、日本語で良いので100字ほどで自分で要約を書いてみるとより効果的です。やっておきたいシリーズやRiseシリーズなどは要約が載っているので、自分が書いたものと比べてみましょう。\n結論を言うと、この大問を解くためには英作文用の参考書を使うのではなく、このようにして対策をしていくのが一番良いと思います。2017年は若干問題が変わりましたが、解き方は同じなので安心してください。\nまたわからないことがあればいつでも質問してくださいね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"慶應文学部の英語について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"要は要約問題ですね。\n\nただ書いてあることを羅列するのは危険です。辞書持ち込みがこのことを示すように。内容をしっかり読み取れれば英語でかなり差がつきます。\n\n解法\n1.main ideaと各パラグラフの内容をとりあえずまとめる。\n2.字数オーバーするので、問いと直接関係ないとこは削る。\n3.無駄な言葉、同じことは省く。\n\nこれで、簡潔な内容に内容を示すことができます。さらに直接書かれていないことを含めると打ち抜けますが、慣れるまではやらなくて大丈夫です🙆‍♂️\n\n〉大事なこと！〈\n問題に対応させることです。基本的に問題が抽象を示すなら、解答で具体化させる。内容を示せなら必ずその内容のとこから引っ張る。余計なことは書かない。\n\n対策\n東大の過去問オススメですよ！\n僕はまとめる系の問題では東大結構使いました。\nあとは、読解力ですね。今年の問題は簡単でしたけど、年によって解釈しづらかったり内容がイマイチわからないときあります。日本語に訳す作業をしすぎないようにすることがポイントです。和訳の作業に気が向きがちですが、そうではありません。僕はオックスフォードの英英辞典を使って出来るだけ、英語本来の意味を考えるようにしました。\nなぜ、慶文が辞書を持ち込めるのか考えてみましょう。文学部が何をする学部なのか。\nおそらくは、単純な和訳作業では気づかない、英語の生の意味を気づいて欲しいからでしょう。言語の翻訳には必ず恣意的なものが含まれてしまいます。それでも、深く思慮し、正しい意味を読み取れるようにしましょう。\n\n頑張ってください。\n\n\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"長文が読めない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは、現在早稲田大学商学部に通うものです。\n自分も受験生のころ、上智の過去問を解き始めた時同じような壁に当たったのでお力になれれば、と思い回答させて下さい。\n\n長文の論旨がわからなくなってしまうというのは、質問者さんの勉強方が特に間違っている、というわけではありません。早慶上智レベルの大学になると、単語や文法、構文力があっても太刀打ちできない壁に当たることがあります。これを克服するには論理的な文章の読み方を身に付ける必要があります。\n\n\n具体的な方法を説明します。まず、英文を読む際、最初の段落(たまに2.3段落までいくこともある)がその文章の大枠を示すので、〜〜の話をしていくのだと注意しておきます。\n次に、各段落を読み終えるごとに軽く頭の中でこの段落はこのようなことを説明していたのだと整理します。メモを取っておくのもありです。いわゆる段落読みですね。筆者は伝えたいことが変わるために段落を変えるので、段落一つ一つにそれぞれの意味があります。\nそれを繰り返しながら、読み続けることで論旨が変わってももう一度読み返すような時間のロスはうまれません。\n\nまた、論理的な文章の読み方をしても、日本語訳を読んでも、理解し難い時も出てくるでひょう。それは背景知識不足によるものです。\nその話を理解する上である程度の知識がないと、真新し過ぎて情報量がパンクして内容が入ってこないのです。\nそれを克服するには、たくさん英文を解いて色々な世界を知るしかありません。\n\n長々と説明しましたが、以上の2点がこれからの過去問を解く上で必要になることだと思います。たくさん問題を解いて実力を上げていってください！\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"早稲田・文学部　英文要約について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"お疲れ様です‼️また回答失礼しますね。\n\n要約のポイントは、\n無駄なことを書かない！\n話の核だけを抜き出すことです！\n\n無駄なこととは主に具体例です。\n話の核とはそれを加えなければ話が通じない、本筋通りにいかないものです。\n\nこれを理解できるようになるには、「論理的読解」力をつけなければなりません。\n論理的読解とは、文章の構成を理解し内容がわかることをいいます。構成を理解しているならば自分で内容を予測できる力とも言えます。\nex \n1段落目は一般論、導入、逆説してから主張、簡単な理由。\n2段落目で例や意見。\n3段落目で逆説や反対意見、例。\n4段落目でそれに対する意見や反論、データ。\n5段落目で主張の反復。\nといったくらいに受験の長文は綺麗な構成になっています。\n\n練習の段階で1度ゆっくり読んで、段落ごとに要約、そして役割を書き出してください。また、その役割を示す単語にも注意してください。(ディスコースマーカー)\n\n例えば、ButやHoweverの前後をみると、前には一般論、後ろには主張が来るとこが多いです。(特に大文字Butはほぼそう)\n\nというのも逆説をつかう利点は説得性を上げるためにあります。1度一般的な意見、みんなが信じ込んでいることを否定することで説得力を上げています。\n\nと言った具合に段落、文の役割を理解して何が重要かそうでないかを要約問題に限らず意識してみてください。\n私は要約問題がありませんでしたが、やった長文を要約していました。\n\n参考書や添削サービスですが、『英文解釈要約精巧』など人気がありそうですね。色々調べて書店で手に取ってみてください。また、個人メッセージで書いたものを送っていただければ時間の許す限りいつでも見てアドバイス出来るものはします。宜しかったらどうぞご活用ください。\n\nそれでは頑張ってください‼️"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"慶應文学部小論文 要約の勉強法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"ネタ本とか買って雑学的なの身につけるといいかな。あとは文学部だったら、17専攻あって、質問者さんがどの専攻興味あるかわからないけれど、興味あるor書けそうな分野の前提知識みたいなのをちょっと身につけておくといいかも。\nちなみに回答者は、英米文学専攻の言語学になんとなく関心があって、小論は英語と日本語の同義語の比較と文化の関係みたいな話から書いたよ笑(そんな大した内容じゃないけど笑) そのまま本当に英米文学専攻いって、卒論もそんな内容で書いたのよね！\n\nまあそれは置いといて。\n要約ができないのはけっこう痛いかな。全体像わかってないってことだから。主観的に読みすぎてるのかも？文章の言いたいことをまずずばり一行くらいでまとめ、そこから200字くらいでいいから、結局この文の言いたいところからまとめてみるといいかな。\n\nあと、例は3つくらい用意したら、どんな内容きてもその３つに引き寄せて書く練習するといい。\n回答者は、言語学か心理学か、あともう一つは忘れたけれど、それぞれの分野でどんなこと書くかあらかじめフォーマットを準備してて、そのどれかに引き寄せて書く練習をしてたよ。あと自分の主張の一貫性も重視しながら。\n\nそれから、問われていることに答えられないのは、その問いの意味を十分理解できていない可能性が高いよね。\n小輪はある程度自由にできるけれど、問いの意味、つまり求められていることに的確に答えられるようにするのは必要。そこは国語力だから、回数重ねたり解説ちゃんと聞いたりして補ってこう。\n\nというかんじ。とりあえず試してみてね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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