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1a:I[6549,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-03346c8d233b4adb.js","212","static/chunks/212-70508e17017a12c2.js","231","static/chunks/231-5dc9f3acdba63b0c.js","54","static/chunks/54-f848f8ba1c362ca7.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-2c9c2b8245971fa7.js"],"CommentItemName"] 1c:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-03346c8d233b4adb.js","212","static/chunks/212-70508e17017a12c2.js","231","static/chunks/231-5dc9f3acdba63b0c.js","54","static/chunks/54-f848f8ba1c362ca7.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-2c9c2b8245971fa7.js"],"AdOnAdviceList1"] 1b:Tc50,設問の文言に必ずある「最も適切なものを〜」に気づいていますか？ 多分誰もが中学の時に（もしかしたら高校でも）、「現代文は消去法だ！」って言われているかもしれません。 しかし、その考えは根底から間違っています。 だって、間違っているものをすべて消去した結果残ったものが正解って。。。 本当にそんなことがあるのでしょうか？ そう言う安直な人間を落とせるように、大学側も問題をひねっています。 それは「正解選択肢を２つ作ること」です。。。 え？ってなったかもしれません。 正解が二つ？ いや、正解が二つあってもいいんですよ。 なぜなら「最も適切なもの」を選ばせるのだから。 適当なものの中から、最も適当なものを選ばせるのであれば、別に正解選択肢が２つあっても問題ないですよね？ では解説したいと思います。 基本的には４択であれば、そのうち１つは大ハズレ。 一つは事実錯誤、もしくは逆情報などで間違い選択肢だとします 残りの二つは、「問題を記述問題にした時に、正解の要素が全て揃っているもの」と「問題を記述問題にした時に、正解の要素がかけてはいるが、概ね正解とは言えるもの」です。 じゃあなぜこういう風な選択肢を作るのかと言うと、「記述問題に近い問題を作りたいから」です。 本当は私立大学だって、できることなら国公立と同様に記述問題を使用したい。、しかし資金獲得のため、受験者数も多くとりたい。ならば、仕方なしに解答方法を簡易化し、マークシート型にするしかない。 じゃあマークシートを記述に近づけるにはどうすればいいか？ そう。記述問題で怪異等を作るときのプロセスと同様の解答方法を、選択式問題でさせればいいことになります。 記述問題の解答の作成手順は、まず傍線部を解析した上で、それの換言、もしくは理由説明に必要な解答根拠をなるべく傍線部付近から探し出してきます。 採点官は、解答根拠がどれだけ記述内容に含まれているかを採点します。その上で文の接続、修飾、論理関係などを見ます。 つまり、記述において探し出してきた解答根拠が全部抜け目なく揃っている、もしくは選択肢の中で一番多いものが「最も適切なもの」なのです。 だから私立文系の国語の参考書でも記述問題を扱っているのです。 記述問題を応用したのが、選択問題なので。 皆さんには選択問題の見方を変えて欲しいです。 ４択問題なら、あなた方は４人の記述回答の中で最も高い点数をつけるものはどれなのか？と言う観点で選んでみてください。 多分安定的に点数がとれるはずです。頑張ってください。1d:Tea8,早稲田化学の大問１はかなり特有の形式で、(おそらく)完答しないと得点にならないため、｢もっと知識を増やさなくては｣となる気持ちはとても分かります。 まず結論ですが、もっさんさんの知識不足というよりは早稲田側の意地悪です(笑) 確かに細かい選択問題は毎年出ていて、受験生のほとんどがその細かさに苦しんでいます。もっさんさんだけが特別できてないわけではありません。 しかしながら、｢早稲田化学の選択問題は重箱の隅をつつくような問題しか出ない！｣なんてことはなく、頻出問題の細部を確実に積んだ人が得点できるつくりになっていることが多いです。 私自身、受験期は｢細かすぎないか？｣と思うことの方が多くありました。しかし、最終的には細かい知識をどれだけ体系的に積んだかが大切だと考えるようになりました。 早稲田化学の得点源は間違いなく大問１以降です。大問1では細かい知識問題に合わせて、計算がヘビーな問題も出題されます。化学で得点を稼ぎたいのなら、大問1以降に時間をかけましょう。 参考までに、私は化学(大問1以降)→物理→化学(大問1)の順番で回答すると決めていました。 とはいえ、大問1つ分を丸々解かないという選択は不安ですよね。実際に、大問1でいくらか得点することができたのなら、他の受験生に対しリードすることができます。私は化学が得意であり、得点源であったため、大問1もなるべく触れるようにしていました。大問1を解くために私が意識していた勉強法をそのまま具体的に書きます。 (1)単語帳やノートを作る 早稲田に限らず、難関大の選択問題では ・無機の反応色 ・有機の語句、反応 などがよく狙われます。特に早稲田化学では、例外や細部に焦点を置いた問題が頻出です。 これを 問題を解きながらカード、ノート化 して、移動時間などの空き時間で回すのが効率的でした。また、単語帳やノートを作る過程で覚えてしまうといったこともある(むしろその方が多い)ので、覚えた後に確認までできるというメリットがあり、とてもおすすめです。 (2)知識を｢文で説明できるように｣する 正誤問題が苦手な受験生の多くは、｢用語は知っているが、文章として説明されたときに正誤判断ができない｣状態です。私は、｢教科書や資料集に書いてあることを自分で説明できるか｣を基準に、文章で知識を整理していました。 (3)理由を伴う暗記に切り替える (2)と似たような話になります。早稲田はもちろん、難関大のレベルになると、理由を知らずに覚えた知識は必ず抜けます。 例えば沈殿の色、酸化還元の反応、有機化合物の反応性など、原理や電子の流れが理解できていると、細かい問題にも応用しやすくなります。 早稲田の化学は確かに細かい。しかし、完全な知識問題が出題されることは多くありません(数問は出ますが)。知識の応用が求められている、そしてその応用力は本質を捉えることで身につくのだ、ということを忘れずにしてください。そうすることで、普段の暗記も数段階レベルアップさせることができます。 応援しています。最後まで頑張ってください。1e:Tead,こんにちは！勉強お疲れ様です 早速ご質問にお答えしていきますね 2択で間違えるということは、もしかすると解き方を考え直す必要があるかもしれません。 私がよく見ていた現代文の授業動画の先生によると、現代文の選択肢を作る際に、まず正解の選択肢を作るそうです。次に明らかに方向性がおかしい選択肢(本文と反対の内容、明らかに本筋から逸れた内容)を作った後、正解の選択肢そっくり、だけどちょっと違う…という選択肢を作るのだとか。(以下「そっくりさん」と呼びます) 質問者さんが2択に絞った後に間違えてしまうのは「そっくりさん」に騙されているからではないでしょうか。消去法で解いている方によくあるのが、「間違い」を探して選択肢を切っていくことに囚われてしまい、本文の内容を忘れてしまう、ということです。 「そっくりさん」は受験生を引っ掛けるための罠ですから、いかにもそれらしいことが書いてあります。すごーく悩みます。内容がほとんど変わらないように見えてしまうのです。ですから、消去法で判断し、回答を出すのは少々リスキーです。 そこで提案させて頂きたいのが、名付けて 「運命の人探し大作戦」です。 …待って待ってブラウザバックしないで下さいね？ね？大真面目な話です。 大前提のお話しをしておきます。傍線部が引いてある部分を一文に伸ばして下さい。恐らくキーワードに線が引いてあることが多いと思いますので、一文読み直す習慣をつけ、傍線部が引かれている文の役割をまず頭に入れましょう。 傍線を一文に伸ばしたら、まず設問がどのパターンか確認します。(選択肢は読まないで下さいね！)「なぜ」パターンか「どういうことか」パターンが頻出です。どちらにせよ、まず傍線部までの議論を読み返し、自分の頭の中でざっくり説明できるようにします。 普段お友達に話す感じで大丈夫です。 「つまり〇〇ってことなんだよ」と一言でまとめるイメージです。これが難しい場合は、少なくとも重要そうなキーワード(傍線部中の単語の言い換えがある部分に要注意)を拾って頭に叩き込んで下さい。 その上で、どういう選択肢が欲しいのかある程度自分の中で組み立てます。頭の中で「運命の人」のイメージを具体化するんです。 この行程を経てから選択肢の吟味に入ります。 脳内で具体化した「運命の人」に1番近い選択肢がどれかを考えながら読んでください。もちろん、万が一の間違いを防ぐために消去法を併用して下さい。ただ、あなたの「運命の人」はもう輝いて見える…といっては過言かもしれませんが、はっきり「これだ」と分かるはずです。2択に絞るのではなく、自分で組みたてた回答に1番近いものを選びに行く感覚を養うことが大切ですよ。 以上、「運命の人探し大作戦」でした。簡単にまとめておきます。他に質問がありましたらまたお気軽にどうぞ〜 1、傍線部は一文に伸ばす 2、設問の確認(選択肢は読まない) 3、本文を読み返し、整理 4、自分で回答を組み立てる 5、4で組み立てた回答と似た選択肢を探す 共テ模試頑張って下さい！応援しています〜！2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=T8cdLMGiXgm7pnI5fh0L","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"すべて選びなさい問題"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between 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whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"生物(や暗記系)について、共通テストや定期テストの思考問題で、「‥についての文①〜⑤のうち適切な番号を\"すべて\"選びなさい」という問題であと一つ足りないまま不正解になってしまうことが多々あります。こういった問題は単に問題集を解いていっただけでは対応できませんよね？穴を無くそうと教科書を丸々覚えてしまうわけにはいかないのですがどのように対策していくべきでしょうか。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"ホルムンクス","adviserDepartment":"東京大学理科二類","adviceId":"T8cdLMGiXgm7pnI5fh0L"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"こんにちは！\n現在東京大学理科二類に通っています。ホルムンクスと申します。私も東大を生物で受験しましたので、質問者様と同じ悩みを経験したことがあります。ここではどのようにしてそれを乗り越えたかをお伝えさせて頂きたいと思います。よろしくお願いいたします。\n\nまず、そもそも複数選択するタイプの問題の一般的な対処法についてです。ここでの鉄則が、｢合っているか微妙な選択肢は選ばない｣というものです。恐らく本番の試験や模試では、答えには含まれない余分な選択肢を選択してしまうとそれだけで減点されてしまいます。（そうでなければ全ての選択肢を選べば満点をとれてしまう）そうするとせっかく正しく選べた選択肢の点数が無駄になってしまいます。なので、この手の問題では確実な選択肢だけを選び、失点を最小限に抑えましょう。\n\n次に、主に生物についてこのタイプの問題の対策についてお伝えします。東大の本試験や冠模試では、選択系の知識問題は大問題の1番初めの問題で聞かれることが多い得点源であり、その上この問題の出来によってその後の問題を解く際のメンタルにも影響するため、必ず正解したい問題です。しかしここではかなり細かい知識を要します。その対策としましては、やはり地道に知識の穴を無くしていくことです。例えば模試の過去問で類題を解いてみて、間違っている選択肢を正しく訂正できるようになることを目指しましょう。また、その範囲の資料集や教科書を読み込んで知らなかった知識をノートにまとめ、後から定期的に復習するなどすることで、知識を少しづつ固めて行くことをオススメします。\nつまり、「問題で出てくる度に復習」することを意識することで、たくさんの問題演習を積めばこの種の問題できちんと正解へたどり着けるようになると思います。\n\nちなみに、小手先のアドバイスとして、｢全く～ない｣や、「全て～する」などと言い切っている選択肢は間違っていることが多いです。（あくまで傾向ですが）\n\n以上が複数選択問題への向き合い方と対策になります。繰り返しになりますが、やはり知識は地道な繰り返しによって身につくものだと思います。大変な道のりになるかもしれませんが、影ながら応援しています。頑張ってください💪"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"ホルムンクス","adviserDepartment":"東京大学理科二類","adviceId":"T8cdLMGiXgm7pnI5fh0L","numberOfFan":5,"clipsAvg":9.625,"adviceRateAvg":4.724137931034483,"profile":"塾なし現役で東京大学理科二類に現役合格しました🙌\n私の経験が皆さんのお役に立てば幸いです。"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"選択肢 2個まで絞って間違える"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文の選択肢の選び方\n\n①文章を一通り読んで、話の流れを頭に入れる\n\n②問題文を読み、加線部とそれに関係するところをもう一度読む。\n\n③その問題に対する解答を自分で頭の中でつくる\n(大体で良い。どういう要素が必要かを考えておく)\n\n④選択肢から明らかに違うものは消す。(①の話の流れに沿わないものや③で考えた必要な要素がないものなど)\n良いと思うものには○を、間違いではないと思うが微妙と思うものには△をつける。\nこの時、どういうところが○でどういうところが△なのか明記しておくこと。\n\n⑤○と△をつけたものに関して、④でチェックをつけたところを本文と照らし合わせてもう一度精査。\n大事なのは「本文中から」解答の根拠を見つけること。\nより根拠が明確、あるいは本文中と論理的に明確なつながりがあるものを選ぶ。\n\n\n※これをやっても答えが定まらない時は、④で消したものももう一度見直してみること。\n\n以上です。\n質問者さんはおそらくほぼ出来ていると思うので、特に④、⑤を気をつけるといいと思います。\n全体的に合ってるものというのは、とても曖昧なものなので、きっちり根拠を見つけましょう。\n\n参考になれば幸いです。\n頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"過去問の復習の仕方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"過去問がやりっ放しにならないようにするのは大切なことです！その意識があるのは良いことです👍\n\nまずはざっくりとしたお話です。\n過去問の復習の目的は、最初解いた時に解けなかった問題や怪しかった問題を解けるようにすることです。\nここで重要なのが、\n⑴できるorできないの仕分け\n⑵できない原因分析\n⑶原因への対処\nこの3つがセットなことです。\n\nよく、演習で覚えていなかった知識をノートにまとめている人がいますが、ノートにまとめたものを覚えなければ、原因への対処が完了しているとは言えません。また、数学などで、計算を間違えた問題を、計算ミスと流す人もいますが、それは原因の分析が甘いと言えます。計算を間違えるような原因が何かあるはずです。（今までの計算量が足りない、計算の工夫ができていない、など）\n\nでは具体的に各科目に関して見ていきます！\n\n【英語】\n根拠を持って選べたものが「できる」問題になります。根拠を持って選べなかったものや間違えたものは全て復習の対象です。\n以上で⑴仕分けが完了です。\n次が⑵原因分析です。\n私の場合は演習ノートを作っていました。\nこの演習ノートに問題の原因になることを書いていました。（知識が足りなかった場合は知識、指示語や接続詞に注目できなかったならそのことを…など）\n⑶対処\nまずは、このノートを毎日に近く見返すようにしていました。自分が間違えやすいもの、つまりは、対策するべきものの集合になるので、最優先で覚えていくべきノートになります。また、間違えやすい傾向もわかってくるので、見逃しやすいものは意識してこれからの問題演習を行うようにしましょう。\n\n【国語】\n2科目目なので手短に…\n⑴できなかった問題に関して、⑵解答根拠が見つけられなかった理由を考えます。\nセンター形式の問題であれば、傍線部にある指示語や接続詞、その周辺の文など、どこに注目すれば解けたのかを考えます。そして、接続詞に注目し忘れがち…などがわかれば、それ以降接続詞には意識して読むように⑶対処していきましょう。\n\n次、類題に出会った時に解けるようにするにはどうすればいいかという視点を持って復習するようにするといいと思います！\nまた、夜寝る前に復習ノートを見返す…とかもいいと思います！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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