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1c:T215b,　以下、参考までに私の見解を。

⑴　目的意識の大切さ
　まず、「これから具体的にどのように勉強を進めて行けばいいのかが分かりにくくなった」のは一体なぜなのか、考えてみる必要があるように思います。結論から言えば、答えは恐らく目的意識の欠如にあると私は考えます。
　およそ何かを勉強するにあたり、その目的を自分なりに明確にしてもっておくことは基本中の基本です。なぜ英語を勉強するのか。だいたいの受験生は志望校に合格するためだと答えるでしょうが、考えるべきはもっと先のこと、すなわち、なぜ志望校に合格する為に英語を勉強する必要があるのか、わかりやすく換言すれば、なぜ「英語」という科目があるのか、ということについて考えねばなりません。別の方の相談に対する回答でもお示ししましたが、それは「グローバル化に伴う国際的な社会意識の敷衍により、日本でも今後の生活には英語を理解できる能力が最低限必要になってくるから」という答えを誰でも思い浮かべると思います。とすると、英語を勉強する目的は志望校に合格することではなく、志望校に合格できるだけの英語能力を身に付けることであると考えられましょう。そしてこれが見えてくると、英単語帳や英文法帳、英文解釈書などの参考書はいずれも英語を理解する能力を養うための手段に過ぎないことは誰にでも理解できるでしょう。単語も文法も解釈の技術も、それが実際に文章の中で生かされていることを身をもって体験することなしには、いくら多くの単語や文法事項を覚えたとしても、それは勉強したとは言えないということについても理解していただけるかと思います。
　相談文を読んでいる限り、どうもあなたは参考書を終わらせることが第一に目的となってしまっている感が否めません。冒頭で私が「目的意識の欠如」と書いたのはこういうことです。英語を勉強することの真なる目的を見失っている。だから、単語を覚えた、文法を覚えた、解釈の技術を知ったというだけの段階で、次に何をするべきかを見失っているのだと思います。

⑵　長文問題について
　上記のように、単語文法解釈はいずれも英語を理解する能力の涵養を目的とし、それを果たすための手段であることを理解できれば、塾講師の先生が「長文は2ヶ月に1冊はやれ」と仰った理由もわかると思います。単語も文法も解釈の技術も、「それが実際に文章の中で生かされていることを身をもって体験する」ことが必要だと書きましたが、そのような生きた文章というのが長文問題であるということです。長文問題で提示されている生きた英文を読んで、単語帳に書かれている単語や文法帳に書かれている文法事項が実際にどのように使われているのか、解釈書で学んだ解釈の技術が、英文を読むにあたり実際にどのように生きてくるのか、こうしたことを体験し、自らの単語文法知識や解釈技術の使い方に反省を与えること、そしてこれを何度も繰り返すことで初めて単語・文法・解釈の技術を正しく会得できる。そのために、長文問題というのは単語や文法、解釈の勉強の後ではなく、本来これらはすべて一体に行われなければならないし、単語文法解釈等の生きた知識を身に付けるにはどれだけやってもやりすぎではないと私は考えます。
　なお、別にそれらの単語文法等が生かされた文章であれば長文問題である必要は必ずしもあるとは思いません。しかし、いったい市販の単語帳や文法帳などは、これまでの多くの大学の受験問題の傾向から、問われる可能性の高い単語や文法事項をピックアップしてそれをまとめたものであるし、市販の長文問題集も、それらに基づいて問題設計がなされているものがほとんどであるから、下手に自分で文章を探すよりもそれら問題集を活用した方がよっぽど効果的であると考えられます。
　現在は2日の１問のペースで進めているそうですが、個人的に高３の段階ならば演習量を増やしたほうがいいと考えます。少なくとも１日に１問はやった方が良いかと（ほかの受験生もこれと同等以上のペースなのではないでしょうか）。特に早稲田のような私立でもトップクラスの大学となると、長文の難易度はかなり高いものと推測できます。これをライバルたちよりもゆっくりのペースで対策して、果たして彼らを出し抜けるかどうか。本格的な対策はいくら早くから始めても損はないように思います。

⑶　単語文法解釈に関しての今後
　ある程度のインプットを終えたならば、もう長文問題集をガンガン進めていっても差し支えないように思えますので、いつまでも単語帳や文法帳にしがみつくようなことは避けた方が良いと考えます。なので、あくまで復習の手段として「今使っているものを周回し続ける」程度で十分だと思います。復習のタイミングについてはいろいろな見解があると思いますが、あまり深く考えずに、適当だと思ったタイミングで復習していただければ問題はないかと。
　ただ、英単語については、その真なる「意味」がなんであるかを考えることが何より重要でると思います。英単語帳に書かれている英単語とそれに対応する日本語は、単に訳し方のパターンの一部を列挙しているに過ぎないのであり、そんなものを機械的に覚えることの何が楽しいのか私にはわかりかねます。考えるべきはなぜ同じ一単語で複数の訳し方があるか、その根幹となる共通の観念とは何か、ということであり、それこそが単語の真なる「意味」であると私は思います。わかりやすい表現を使えば「コアイメージ」などといったところでしょうか。"run"という動詞の意味は何かと聞かれて、ただ単に「走る」などと答えるのは、"I bought this book for $10."の"for"の意味は何かと聞かれて、「～で」と答えるようなものです。正しくは「交換」であり、それが文章によっては「～で」と訳されたり、「～と引換えに」と訳されたり、「～と交換で」と訳されたりするだけです。どう訳すかは、文章の内容に従って適切な表現をその都度探していけばよく、これこそがまさに「文脈で判断する」ということであると思います。いくつかの訳し方のパターンを覚えて、文章によってそのどれかを選ぶというようなことは、ひどく言えば勘、あてずっぽうの範疇です。それで運よく当たったとしても、その単語を真に理解しているように採点官に見せかけられるだけで、現に真なる理解に到達していることにはなりません。これではすべての問題が一か八かの大博打となってしまい、大変リスキーです。したがって、英単語を学習する際は、その核たる意味とは何かということに注目してみると、英語能力の向上につながると思います。復習の際や長文問題で見知らぬ単語が出てきた際などは、こういうことを意識してみるとよいかもしれません。

だいぶん長くなりましたが、私の考えていることは以上です。英語学習にあたり、これを参考にすることで一助になれば、私としては幸いです。読みにくかったりわかりにくかったりするところがあれば、申し訳ございません。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=Ryt6n2wBTqPwDZPui0mX","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"後ろにingやtoをとる動詞って覚える必要がありますか？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",7,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"8/17 21:08"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"@","infoString":"高3 大阪府 関西大学志望","adviceId":"Ryt6n2wBTqPwDZPui0mX"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"スタディサプリの英語の授業では、To不定詞は未来志向、前向き、一回きり、動名詞はは過去志向、後ろ向き、反復を表すと習ったのですが、それを覚えていれば後ろにingやToをとる動詞を覚えなくても良くないですか？\n授業では覚えるように言っているのですが。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"イヌ","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学医学部","adviceId":"Ryt6n2wBTqPwDZPui0mX"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"初めまして。大学生の身分で恐縮ながら回答させていただきます。\n\nここでのコメントはあくまで筆記試験における点数をとることをベースにした意見となりますので、参考程度にお考えください。\n\n結論から申し上げますと、逆に後者のもの(toとingどちらを用いて動名詞を構成するか)を重点的に学習した方が良いと私は考えました。\n\n恐らくですが、貴方が使われている教材ではかなり細やかに用法を分けて説明がなされているのだと思います。英語話者からするとそうした詳細のニュアンスについては違和感を感じるか否かで使い分けることが多いと考えられますが、実際の試験(受験生の多くが非英語話者)で長文を読み、理解する上ではどちらかと言うと、ingを用いるものかかto不定詞をとるものかを覚えている事の方が重要度が高いと考えられます。\n\n理由としては、toという単語ひとつにも様々な使い方があり、その場での用法を素早く判別することがより必要とされるためです。逆に、貴方がご説明をなされている〜志向や反復などの項目は、どちらかと言うと文法学者が解析し、非ネイティブの人の発話練習のために用いられるような説明に近いです。\n\n高校3年生ということで、試験まで残り時間も短くなりました。どうぞお身体に気を使いつつ、目標に向けてご尽力ください。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"イヌ","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学医学部","adviceId":"Ryt6n2wBTqPwDZPui0mX","numberOfFan":1,"clipsAvg":9,"adviceRateAvg":4.5,"profile":"家庭教師をしています。"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-2","children":["$","$L1a",null,{"contributorName":"トンチャイ","adviceId":"Ryt6n2wBTqPwDZPui0mX"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption","children":"2/13 10:27"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"丸暗記不要の英文法かいませう。神書。"}]]}]]}]]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/UQ8Yp2oBTqPwDZPuBMdZ","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英文法の参考書を変えるべきか？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"お答えします。 \n \n20周して身についていないのであればそれは間違いなく、方法を変えるべきです。 \n \n私は文法の演習教材を2，3周しかしていませんでしたがほぼわかりました。 \nなのでまずは今のやり方の修正を行ってください。 \n \n関先生の英文法は私自身使っていましたしとても参考になり、好きなのでぜひともおすすめします。 \n \nサプリを使うかポラリスを使うかはご自身の判断に委ねざるを得ませんが、参考としては \n \n・教材は別として他の教科もでき、安く済むのはサプリ \n・持っていればいつでもどこでもできるという面ではポラリス。 \n \nそのくらいしか違いはありません。 \n \nここから修正する方法についてお話します。 \n \nまずですが、質問者さんは英文法を暗記でやろうとしているように見受けられます。 \nその点の改善を行う必要があります。 \n \n英文法で必要なのは暗記ではなく理解。 \n \nそれをせずには高得点は狙えません。 \n \nどういうことかいうと、 \n例えば \n It is 形　fot 人　toV \nIt is 形 to人 toV \nIt is 形  of人 toV \nこの違いについて理解していますか？ \n問題は中学レベルの問題です。 \n \nこの問題のカギとなるのはもちろん形容詞、動詞がカギになってきますが、そこは置いておきます。 \n \nこの問題は前置詞を理解した上で回答しろ。っていうのが問題側の考えです。 \n \nこの問題に限らず前置詞全般において必ず押さえなければいけない事項があります。 \n \n今回ではto とfor、一応ofの違いですね。 \n \nofを除いてどちらも方向性を示す前置詞です。 \nその違いは到達という概念があるかどうかです。 \n \nここまでしっかり理解しなければ模試、センターは高得点狙えません。 \n逆にできれば高得点は余裕に感じるかと思います。 \n \n全部の説明は質問があれば致します。 \n \nちなみにここまでしっかり関先生は教えてくれるはずですのでしっかり受ければ大丈夫です。 \n \n参考になればうれしいです。 "}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"動詞の語法の覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして！\n\n動詞の語法ですが、最終的に頭にさえ入ればいいので絶対こうしないといけないというのはないです。むしろ人それぞれ合うやり方があるので色々試してみるといいかと思います。それが分からないから質問している！と思うかもしれませんが、｢覚え方｣よりも先に｢覚える内容｣について少し言及させてください。\n\n語法を覚えたいとのことですが、恐らく知らない単語がたくさん…と言うより知ってる単語に新たに知識を紐づけることに苦戦しているのかと思います。ただ全く新しい内容よりかはそういえば見た事・聞いた事あるような語法も割とあるかと思います。そういう時は新しく覚えるというより今まで見てきたものを整理する意識が大切です。\n\n結論から言うと、文型を意識するとかなりスッキリすると思います。\n例えば第四文型や第五文型をとる動詞はそこまで多くないので、まとめて覚えておく(調べれば色々出てくると思います)。\n第一文型(自動詞)と第三文型(他動詞)の両方をとる動詞もありますが、それも頻出分はまとめて覚えておく。また、自動詞の活用とと他動詞の活用で意味を分けて見るそれぞれで通ずるところが多いことがあります。\n\n最も大変なのが前置詞を伴う活用かと思います。\n多くの動詞には相性がいい前置詞があります。なので前置詞ごとではなく、各動詞が相性のいい前置詞を抑えておく方が効率的です。意外とそういうのは単語帳の隅に記載されてることが多いので、そういう所を中心にもう一周するのも手です。\n\nここで覚え方ですが、色々整理してみるとそこまで多くないと思います。書いた方が覚えられるなら書けばいいし、毎日目を通すだけで十分ならそれでいいと思います。僕自身ただ一覧リストを渡されると｢どう覚えたらいいんだ？｣とパニックになりますが、覚えるべきことが分かってからは早かったです。しきさんもまずはそれを意識してみると色々やり方が自ずと見えてくるかと思います。\n\n以上です。\n私なりの解釈で回答したので、聞きたいことと違う！と思った場合は申し訳ないです。また追加で質問していただければ対応します。\nそれでは勉強頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"自動詞、他動詞"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"自動詞と他動詞の見分け方って難しいですよね。私もすごく苦労しましたし、教えてきた生徒たちにとなかなか覚えてもらえませんでした。\n\n結論を言うと、自動詞か他動詞かは1単語ずつ覚えていく他ありません。\n強いて言うならenableやensureなどのように形容詞にenが着いているものはほぼ間違いなく他動詞だと見分けることができます。\n\nでは、どうやって覚えたらいいのか。\nそれは単語の使い方を思い出してみればいいのです。\nおそらく、今までArianaさんは自動詞他動詞を意識してこなかったのだと思います。\nですが、英作文はある程度出来ますよね？\n\n例えば、学校に行くを英訳するとgo to school と無意識に書くことが出来ると思います。\n\nそこから逆算して考えましょう。このgoという動詞は自動詞でしょうか他動詞でしょうか？答えはもちろん自動詞です。なぜなら動詞の後ろに目的語(名詞)が来ていないから。\n\nこのように、今まで使ったとこのある、見たことのある動詞というのは自然と例文が浮かんでくるはずなのです。その例文を思い出して自動詞か他動詞にカテゴライズしてあげるといいと思います。今まで何となく使い分けていたものに名前をつける感覚です。\n\nあと、世の中のほとんどの動詞は他動詞です。迷ったら他動詞だと思いましょう。\n\nそして、センター試験などに出る紛らわしい動詞はスクランブルやネクステ、ビンテージなどの「動詞の語法」にまとめられています。ここをしっかり覚えるのが1番効率はいいと思います。\n\nまとめると、\n・結論、覚えなくてはならない。\n・今まで何となく使っていた動詞を思い返して、自動詞他動詞の考え方を身近なものにする。\n・スクランブル等の教材でまとめられているものを覚える。\nです。\n\n1度自動詞他動詞の考え方が身につけば、これから覚える動詞がどっちなのかは考えずに居られなくなるので自然と覚えていけます。\n\nまとまりのない文章で長くなってしまいましたが、Arianaさんの勉強の参考になればと思います。受験が成功するように心から応援しております！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英熟語が覚えられない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"よく聞く話かと思いますが、前置詞にはそれぞれが持つイメージがあります(onの接触などは最たる例でしょう)。\nしかし、これらを掴めばミスなく熟語の意味を取れるかというと、そんなことはありません。より正確に言うとネイティブ並に曖昧なイメージを曖昧なままで理解出来れば可能ですが、我々受験生には難しいですよね。\n\nではどうすればいいかと言えば、愚直に覚えるしかありません。生きた言語として理解することを(ひとまずこの分野においては)諦め、一般に物事を覚えるのに有効な方法を適用します。\n人間の脳に定着しやすいのは、体系化(整理)されたイメージです。そのため、熟語も整理してあげればいいんです。\n幸い今回扱うのは前置詞だけが違う、つまり要素が2つ(変化しないメイン部分、変化する前置詞部分)なのでとても整理しやすいです。\n\nまずは質問文に書いてくださった通りメイン部分の単語ごとに前置詞のパターンを集めましょう。(「前置詞で意味が変わる動詞」などでインターネット検索をすればまとめが出てきます。その中から単語帳で見たことのあるものをピックアップすれば自分のレベルにあった熟語をまとめられます)\nそして次に前置詞ごとにもまとめてみます。すると、前置詞の持つイメージというのもなんとなく見えてきますし、ふたつの視点から整理することになるので記憶にも非常に定着しやすいと言えます。\n\n受験範囲で登場するこういった動詞や形容詞はそこまで数が多くないので、こうした方法で網羅的に抑えてみてください。\n労力のわりに得点力に直結すると思います。頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"単語の重要性について この時期の語彙力"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは。\nこの時期の語彙力についてですが、結論としてターゲットと速読英単語上級編が完璧なのであれば早稲田の英語長文において不自由することは無いはずです。\n\n 私は英単語を2段階に分けて意識することをお薦めします。\n1段階目としては自分の基本となる単語帳(貴方の場合ターゲット、速単上級編)を文字通り完璧にすること。 いつどこで聞かれても意味が答えられる状態にすること。\n2段階目としては自分の単語帳に載っていない単語で過去問等で何度も目にする単語を認識すること。  わからなくても深追いせず、軽く調べる程度で充分です。 重要な事は時間をかけないこと。 そして、何度も長文で意識していくうちに、「なんか見たことあるなぁ」「ネガティヴなイメージの単語だったなぁ」等と意識出来るようになってきます。\nこのように単語の取捨選択は自分の単語帳に載っているか否か。速単上級まで頭に入れば早稲田レベルです。それ以上は分かればラッキー、程度の認識で一向に構わないと思います。\n\n(補足)\n本番で分かるはずの単語がわからないというのは想像以上にメンタルにきます汗。 精神衛生上の観点からも自分の単語帳を完璧にする事に全力を注いでください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"イディオムについて"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"初めまして。\n現在、慶應文学部2年に通っている者です。\n\n私は高1と高2の時、結構がっつりやってました。\n絶対に早めに覚えた方がいいです！！！\n高3になったら他の科目もあるので、どうしてもイディオムは優先順位が下がりますが、何かしら出るので弱点となりがちです。\n今やっとけば、高3の時に復習程度に勉強すればいいので、多少楽になります。\n\nイディオムは簡単な単語で構成されてることが多いので、単語がうろ覚えなので大丈夫ですよ。\nむしろ単語とイディオムを一緒に覚えた方が楽かもしれません。\n\nテキストは、やはりかなりの量のイディオムが載ってる解体英熟語を使うのがいいとは思いますが、\n少しきついなと思ったら、ネクステージのイディオムのパートをやるといいと思います。\nネクステに載ってるのは全て押さえなければいけないイディオムなので、とりあえずそこをマスターすべきです！\n\n単語もイディオムも早めに覚えて、少しでも高3で余裕ができるといいですね^ ^"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 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