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1c:T104f,プルドックさん、こんにちは。

英語長文の勉強は正しくやらなければ真価を発揮することのない勉強です。一方で正しくこなせばしっかりと実力はつきます。今回は正しい方法を紹介できればと思います。

まず2つの質問に対する結論から述べます。
①このままでも無意味ではないが効率があまりに悪い
②方向性は間違ってないが、やり方に少し問題がある

では、以下からより詳しく説明していきます。

★長文問題の意義
長文問題をやる意義は大きく5点です。
1.一度やった単語が身に付いているかの確認
2.単純な文をつっかえることなく読めるかの確認
3.複雑な文でも一回止まれば構文と意味を正確に把握できるかの確認
4.文章全体の流れを段落ごとに把握し、その流れに即して実際に問題を解けるかの確認
5.自分の読むスピードの確認

以上の5点が長文をやる意義です。長文を解く上で最も重要なのはこの5点を"常に"意識しながら解くことです。ただ文を読み、問題を解き、まるバツをつけるだけでは長文を活用できているとは言えません。

★長文問題の具体的な取り組み方
上の5点を前提として、私が実際に行っていたやり方を具体的なstepに分けて紹介したいと思います。

step.1 制限時間内に実際に文を読み、問に答える

目標時間があらかじめ設定されている参考書であればその時間内に実際の試験同様に行ってください。設定されていない場合、慶應レベルでしたら初めは5~700wordsを15~20分程度、可能ならば15分を切るぐらいで行ってください。また解く際に分からない単語があれば下線を引いておくというのを自分はやっていました。

step.2 分からなかった単語、よく意味の取れなかった文などを制限時間後にじっくり読む。この時回答を変更してもよい。

一番大切なstepはこれです。分からない文には必ず構文記号をふってください。名詞節はどこからどこまでか、分詞構文なのか、andが結んでいるのは何と何か、すべて説明できるレベルまで"精読"してください。そして、"なぜ"自分がその文を読めなかったのか、その理由を探ってください。単語、構文、文法、流れが掴めていない、などなど文が読めない原因は様々であり、それこそが伸び代ですのでここが頑張り所です。時間をかけてもまともに構文のとれない受験生が試験本番に文を理解して問題に正答するなど不可能だと私は思います。とにかくここが肝ですので、頑張っていただきたいです。

step.3 回答の丸つけをし、正解した問も含めて回答根拠を明確にする

試験本番、いくら文が読めても問に正解できなければ合格はできません。試験問題には一つ一つ出題の意図があります。ここでも大事なのは"なぜ"を考えることです。"なぜ"これが答えなのか。"なぜ"自分はこの答えを選んでしまったのか。あるいは"なぜ"この問題が出されているのか。とにかく自力で考え抜くことを大切にしてください。

step.4 音読

音読をすると速読力がつくとよく言われますが、これは事実です。音読で意識してほしいのは、一文を止まらずに読むことです。ダラダラと全文読むのではなく、一文一文テンポをつけて読んでください。止まらずに読める、ということは構文がとれている、ということです。


長文の復習でとにかく大切なのは"なぜ"を考えることです。"なぜ"を考えた上で文を訳すのはなんの問題もありませんし、むしろ正しいです。ぜひ上手く長文を活用してみてください。

応援しています、頑張ってください。1d:Tbe5,①私の経験上、成績は上がると思います！
まだ春なのでじっくりやって読めない文がない状態にするのはあとあと効いてきます
ですがいくつか注意点があって、

1取り組み方
質問からはわかりませんが毎日正解率やわからない箇所が減っていなければ成績は上がりません。まずは取り組んでいる参考書のレベルで9割安定できることを目標にしてください。

2構文、文法、単語の参考書の理解も進んでいるか。
長文演習の目的は基礎知識の定着を促したり、漏れを発見したりすること、読解力や速読力を身につけること、などがありますが、基本的には構文、文法、単語がある程度完成している上での話になります。質問からはわかりませんがそのことは分かりませんが演習中心になりすぎないように気をつけてください。今の時期は基礎知識の定着に重きをおいた方がいいです。

3和訳できることとテストで点数取れることは違う。
実際のテストは全訳する問題ではなく選択肢から答えを選んだり、下線部や該当箇所の和訳をしたり、時間内に解き切ることが大事であって、その解き方が間違っていると英文を読めても時間内に正答率を最大化することができず数値には出ない可能性があります。ですがまだ焦る必要はないので、まずは参考書の正答率9割にむけて自問自答を繰り返すといいと思います。すると自ずとテストの問題に応じた自分の解き方が見つかってくると思います。

②結論から言うと、私の経験上、構文が難しいところだけsvocをふるのは問題ないですが、一文ずつ頭の中で訳出するのは全部やった方がいいです。やってみて音読の時困らないならいいのだけれど意外と意味わかってないところあって音読の時に訳し直す、みたいなことになるんじゃないかな、、と思います。私はそうだったので。もっと繰り返していけば音読の時に訳せるようになって難しいところだけつまずくみたいになってくるんで、まだ時間かけてやっていいと思います。代わりに、参考書を進めるペースを落としていいと思います。今の時期長文においては量より質です。ですができれば音読は毎日した方がいいです。というのは、新しい長文を読むのは①-2に書いたような目的がありますが、音読はすでに読んだ文章でも暗唱する勢いで読みまくると新しい長文でも早く読めるようになるという特徴があります！ぼーっと読まないでちゃんと意味や構文を捉えてできる限り前から後ろに読んでいく練習をすると、確実に長文早く読めるようになります‼︎1e:Tc8b,こんにちは。高2から小論文を意識しているのはとても素晴らしいと思います。(プロフィールは高３になっているので、新高３という事でよろしいですか？)ですが、小論文は正直高3の夏からでも間に合います。僕は高３秋以降に本格的に取り組んでいました。なので、今の段階では英語と世界史の成績upを狙うのがいいと思います。現代文が得意ということなので、小論文もそこまで苦労しないと思います。僕は、小論文の課題文を読む時も現代文と同じアプローチを意識していたので、現代文の対策がそのまま小論文にも生きると思います。それでも小論文が心配であれば、現代文の要約などをしてみるだけでも今は十分だと思います。読書やネタ本は要らないと思います。それよりも早稲田の現代文の対策をしていた方が小論文に役立つ力もつくと思います。

前置きが長くなってすみません。知りたいのは小論文の具体的な対策法だと思うので、それについてお話します！

まず、参考書におすすめはありません。過去問を沢山やるのが望ましいです。文学部の小論文は最難関だと思うので、ちょっと系統は違いますが経済学部の小論文を最初にやるのがいいと思います。課題文の読み方や自分の意見のまとめ方に慣れるという意味では十分役立ちます。その後は法学部と文学部を交互にやるのがいいと思います。法学部は課題文は長くは無いが難しく、文学部は課題文が長く要約しにくいです。なお、法学部は2025年度入試から傾向が大幅に変わっているので注意を。
※小論文の基本的な書き方がわからない場合に限っては易しめの参考書を1冊やってもいいかもしれません。

過去問をやって添削してもらい、書き直しをするという練習法はとても効果があります。実際僕もその方法で練習していました。添削は必ず誰かにしてもらいましょう。小論文専門の方にして頂くのが望ましいですが、不可能であれば学校の先生でもいいと思います。

添削が返ってきた後にすべきことは、自分のやらかしポイントをメモっておくことです。そして、それ以降の演習でそれを意識して取り組むことが大事です。僕は、入試直前に自分のやらかしポイントを紙にまとめて入試会場に持っていきました。

やらかしポイントとしてよくある例を挙げておきます！
・意見論述が単なる課題文の刷り直しになっている。
・同じことを繰り返している。
・冗長な表現が多い。
・意見の一貫性がない

何も考えずに多くの過去問をこなしてもあまり意味が無いので、誰かに自分の弱い部分を指摘してもらい、それを意識して次の小論文に取り組んでいきましょう。是非参考にしてくださいね。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=Rt4hjWcBTqPwDZPuPPsK","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"慶應sfc小論文について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",2,") コメント(",2,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"12/8 9:23"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_34A32093AC5446AE8EF14D00FD34072E.jpg?alt=media&token=25d06e89-8e2a-4bc5-a923-2bde778472cd","clientUserName":"Ami","infoString":"高3 神奈川県 慶應義塾大学志望","adviceId":"Rt4hjWcBTqPwDZPuPPsK"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"慶應sfcの小論文の対策について\n\n私は対策として、英語長文を読んで 、知識や筆者の考え方などを得るようにしています。そして、ノートに毎回\nまとめています。\n\nこの作業は意味があると思いますか？\n\nよろしくお願いします。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold 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mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"全く意味がないとは思いませんが、私ならやりません\n\n突然厳しいことを言ってしまってすいません、現在慶應義塾大学文学部在学中で、総合政策にも合格した者です。\nまずはあなたがその行為にどのくらいの時間をかけ、どのような目的で取り組んでいるかにもよります。\n知識や考え方は何に活かそうと考えているのでしょうか？たしかに受験に用いられる英文の内容は多岐にわたり、中には自分の知識としてストックしておくと役に立つものもあります。しかしその知識を小論文に活かしたい！と考えているのならば、それは英語の入試問題だけでは対応しきれないものであり、そのために長い時間をかけてまとめる作業は賢明ではないと思います。それならば、その時間を小論文の対策に当てるべきです。\nまた、この知見を他の英語の問題を読む際に役立てたい！と思っているかもしれません。しかしそれは、「わざわざ英語の勉強とは別の時間を確保して」行うことでは無いと思います。というのも、過去問を完全にあなたが復習しているならば、わざわざまとめなくても覚えてしまうことだからです。\nもしも違っていたら申し訳ありませんが、１つの過去問に対する復習は完全にできていますか？中途半端なまま先に進んでいませんか？英語の長文（特にSFCのような超長文）では、読む力が求められています。その読む力は、理解を伴った読みをする以外伸ばす方法はありません。1回読んで読めなかった長文を、あと二回三回読んで完璧に理解できるようになるでしょうか。三回読んでも完璧にならなかった長文があるのに、別の長文を読んで理解できるでしょうか。それは、かなり難しいと思います。\nつまり、自分が挑戦した英文を復習していれば、わざわざノートにまとめなくても知識として定着させることはできます。\nただあなたがその行為にどのくらいの時間をかけているかはわからないので、もしも5分程度でさらっとまとめているくらいなら、特に問題は無いと思います。\n\nまだまだ入試まで時間はあります！応援しています！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_9E46BE0479F64434A31F5243D2B147DE.jpg?alt=media&token=477d2146-9e65-4d7d-8e6a-b88f3e043c95","adviserName":"マキアヴェリ","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学文学部","adviceId":"Rt4hjWcBTqPwDZPuPPsK","numberOfFan":65,"clipsAvg":17.596774193548388,"adviceRateAvg":4.743589743589744,"profile":"浪人時に理系→文系 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語長文参考書の具体的な取り組み方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは。慶應義塾大学一年の藤沢です。\n私も英語の長文の取り組み方には悩んでいました、、同じです\n試行錯誤の末、私の一年間で取り組んだ方法をお教えします！ぜひ参考にしてみてください！\n\n①毎日一つ長文を読む\n長文は読まないだけで即、力が落ちます。よって、毎日読むことをおすすめします。\nやっておきたいシリーズを直接やっていると書かれていますが、私もその方法で取り組んでいました。一度読んだ文にもう一度取り組む時間は私には無かったので、書き込んであっても困ることはありませんでした。英語が得意とのことなので、そのまま直に書くスタイルを続けて大丈夫だと思います！\n\n②分からない単語は単語帳にチェック→繰り返し確認する\n長文を読むには単語量も大切ですが、毎日覚えても抜けていくのが事実です。長文を読んで知らない単語や、パッと意味が出てこなかった単語は単語帳に印を付け、単語帳を辞書の用に使うと良いと思います！特にイディオムなどは長文の中で感覚的に覚えられると良いです。\n\n\n【長文取り組みのスケジュール】\n私は4月から9月まではやっておきたいシリーズ300から1000字とカッティングエッジのオレンジとブラックに取り組みました。色々な大学の良い問題がまとまっているので、とても力になりました。やっておきたいの700字、1000字は時間もかかりますが、スランプの時には頭の中で全訳をしていました。カッティングエッジのブラックは学校の授業で取り組んでいました。だいぶ難しいので、一人で解くのが厳しい可能性もあります。\n9月の後半からはひたすらに過去問の長文をやりました。長文以外も合わせて、時間感覚を身につけられると良いと思います。これは、コピーして試験の時の用にすることをすすめます。コピーがめんどくさければ、東進の過去問サイトから印刷する方法もあります。\n12月は共テの長文と2次の長文を交互に解いていました。共テはとにかくスピード勝負なので慣れです。本番はとても緊張するので、練習ではあまるくらいになっておく必要があります。共テは過去問や予想問題集に取り組めばバッチリだと思います！\n\nまだまだ全然大丈夫です。焦る気持ちもよくよく分かりますが、いつか霧が晴れたように見える時が来ます！英語長文は学校によって出す内容の傾向もあります。過去問を解いていく中で主張の傾向を掴めると良いです！焦らずに頑張ってください！応援しています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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mb-1","children":"私は法学部に進学しておりますが、文学部からも合格いただきましたので回答させていただきます。\n\n英語\n①\nわからなかった単語は、一冊のノートにまとめましょう。ポケットに入るくらいのサイズのものがおすすめです。わからなかった単語、日本語訳、品詞を記しオリジナル単語帳にするのがおすすめです。\n　単語暗記はとても大切ですが、この時期にたくさんの時間を費やすのは得策ではありません。ですので、長文を解く上で「この単語見たことある」と思ったらオリジナル単語帳にマークをつけましょう。そしてたくさんマークがついているものから優先的に覚えるのがおすすめです！\n②\n慶應の文学部は辞書もありますし、試験時間も長いです。課題文を理解するのは大前提だと思います。たしかに複雑な文構造や内容の部分も多く見られます。しかし、そのような部分は、そのあとに必ず言い換えや説明が入ります。\n課題文の内容が細かく正確に理解しなくては解けない問題だと思いますよ\n③\n添削してもらうのが1番おすすめです。自分で採点すると、客観的な視点が持てなくて正確さは欠けてしまうでしょう。第三者が見てわかる文章を心がけましょう\n④\n過去問がおすすめです。しかし、たくさん解くことにフォーカスしすぎては良くないと思います。解き直しに時間をかけましょう。\nただ、この時点で文学部の課題文の内容が理解できないレベルの英語力なら参考書を使い実力をつけましょう。\n⑤\n受験者平均を上回ることが第一の目標です。\n(7割取れていればかなりいいと思います)\nちなみに私はこの時期には、8割ほど得点しておりました。\n\n小論文\n\n①\n新聞の社説やドキュメンタリーなどをみて、それに対する自分の意見を書いてみましょう。\nこの時、実際に書くことが重要です。\nまた、社説やドキュメンタリーをみると視野も広がり、課題文も理解しやすくなります。\nさらに、赤本の解答例も必ずよく読みましょう。\n②\nまずは制限時間内に書き終わることを目標にしましょう。その上で、要約部分は7-8割得点しましょう。意見論述は半分くらいの得点を今の時点での目標にしましょう、"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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mb-1","children":"受験勉強おつかれさまです！\n\n質問に対してお答えします。\n\n①\n間違いなく上がると思います！私は秋頃から他教科に時間を費やし英語をおろそかにしていました。ですが、12月に入り再び1日1問解くようにしたところ、今まで解き切れていなかった、2次の問題を見直しできるくらいのスピードで解けるようになりました。\n\n②\n全訳はしなくても問題ないと思います…！わかっている構文はさらっと流してわからないところをじっくり考えた方が点数も上がりやすいです。\n\n参考までに私が行なっていた長文の解き方を掲載しておきます。\nーーーーーーーーーー\n1.長文を解く\n2.問題を間違えた理由を解説で確認\n3.長文を音読する（わからない単語に丸をつけ、理解がしにくかった文に線を引く）\n4.＊3で炙り出した単語と構文の確認をする\nーーーーーーーーーー\nこの過程でポイントとなる点は2つあります。\n\n1つ目は間違えた理由を明らかにすること。\n解説は「〇〇なので答えはA」と書いていることが多いですが、他の選択肢がダメな理由を考えるのが実は大切です。「Bの選択肢はあの構文と混同している人を見つけるために出題したのかな…」と背景を予測することで受験生が間違えやすいポイントを意識することができ、無駄な失点を減らせます。\n\n2つ目はすぐに音読をして内容を精査すること。\n長文を解いている時は制限時間や問題を意識して気付かないうちに単語を読み飛ばしたり、読み間違えたりしてしまいがちです。音読することで曖昧だった理解をはっきりさせると同時に、自分がわかっていない部分を効率よく見つけることができます。\n\n早慶などはまず長文を読み切ることが難しいと思います。私のように他教科が忙しいからと止めることはせず、今から継続していけばとても力がつくと思います！\n\n頑張ってください！応援してます！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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