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1c:Te4b,こんにちは！

英語長文は本文を読みつつ、設問を途中で読んでいき解けるものから解いていくのがいいかなと思います！

また、早稲田の法学部な社会科学部の英語ではかなり問題文と選択肢が長いため、速読をしつつ、なおかつ正確に解く力が求められると思います！

あくまで個人的な意見ですが法学部や社学の長文を解く上では以下のやり方がおすすめです！

① 内容一致の選択肢を半分or3分の1ほど読む

② 本文を半分ほど読む。

③ 先に読んだ内容一致の正誤を確かめる。

④ 残りの内容一致の選択肢を読む。

⑤ 本文を最後まで読み、内容一致を最後までやる。

このやり方だと、ある程度の本文を覚えた状態で、内容一致の選択肢を読めると思います！！

また、もし内容一致の正誤がまだ本文で出てこなくて、確かめられない場合は保留にし、そこの部分が出てきた時に回答するといいと思います！！

⭐️ 早慶の長文を読めるようになるためのポイント2つ

ここでは主に2つ早慶の長文を読めるためのポイントを紹介したいと思います！

① パラグラフリーディング

このパラグラフリーディングができるかが早慶の長文を読む上で非常に大切だと思います！英語は最初に抽象的なことを言い、その後徐々に具体的なことを言って自分の主張を高める傾向にあります！つまり、最初の一文が1番言いたいことになることが多く、その抽象的な一文を噛み砕いて説明していくというパラグラフの構成が最も多い英語の形です！これをわかると少しは長文が読みやすくなると思います！

② 早慶の長文への慣れ

次はとにかくこの早慶レベルの長文に慣れるということです！やはり英語は言語なため最終的には慣れていかないと読めるようにはなっていかないと思います！

そこで、早慶レベルの長文の参考書では以下のものがおすすめです！早慶入門レベルと本番レベルを別で紹介するのでぜひ自分に合うものをやってみてください！

英語長文ソリューション3→ 関正生のThe Essentials 英語長文 必修英文100 →関正夫のthe rules3 （ここが早慶入門レベル）→英語長文ポラリス3→関正夫のthe rules4（早慶本番レベル））

また、この中にある関正生のThe Essentials 英語長文 必修英文100は長文の参考書ではないのですが、早慶レベルの表現を一通り覚えていくという意味で非常に良い参考書ですのでぜひこの10月にやってほしいなと思います！

最後に、長文の復習の具体的なやり方は以下のやり方がおすすめです！参考にしてみてください！

① 長文問題を解く

② 丸つけをして解説をみて、なにがわからなかったのかどうすれば解けたのかをしっかり考える。

③ 一文ずつ丁寧に本文を読んでわからなかった単語や熟語は調べてノートに書き出す。

④ 最初から最後まで本文がわかるか音読して確かめる。（声に出さなくても口は動かす）

参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）頑張ってください！！1d:T1a04,こんばんは！日々の勉強おつかれさまです。
慶應義塾大学文学部のネギタコ焼きと申します。よろしくお願いします。

今回は、①長文問題を読み解く際に意識していたこと ②おすすめの参考書 ③早慶レベルの問題で安定して得点できるようにするためのヒント
について書いていきたいと思います。

まず①について
・長文問題を読み解く際に意識していたことは、大きく分けて2つあります。
・1つ目は問題→答えまでの論理とプロセスです。問題→答えまでには必ず正しい論理関係に裏付けられたプロセスがあります。
・例えば、パラグラフの内容について正しく述べているものをa〜dの中から1つ選びなさいという問題があったとします。
この問題のアプローチは次のようになります。
パラグラフの内容〈設問内容の確認＝何を探せばよいか〉→パラグラフの中心的な内容＝トピックセンテンスを探す〈解答根拠を探す〉→該当部分をチェックし、内容を頭の中で簡単に訳して要約〈解答根拠の整理・理解〉→選択肢の吟味→解答を選択
・このように、問題→答えには必ず論理的なプロセスが存在します。これを意識することで、読むべき場所が明確になり、時間のロスを減らせます。
・また、たとえ間違えてしまっても、どこのステップで間違えてしまったのかも追いやすくなります。
・もう1つは、本文の論理展開です。試験に出題される英文の多くは論理展開の規則に沿って書かれています。そうした規則に注目することで、より論理的に英文を読めるようになります。
・簡単に論理展開の規則を紹介します。
《英文の論理展開の規則》
◎トピックセンテンス（そのパラグラフにおいて最も伝えたいこと・主張）は、パラグラフの冒頭に置く
◎抽象→具体の順に展開する（主題を提示し、その主題を具体的に説明する）
◎1パラグラフ1トピック（1つのパラグラフには1つの主題がある。主張が二転三転することはない。）
◎論旨の展開を明確に（逆接や追加、例示等のディスコースマーカーを使い、論旨の展開を明確に）
◎複数のパラグラフから構成される場合、序論（文章全体のトピックの提示）→本論（主張の根拠）→結論（主張の再提示）の3部構成を意識する。
・こうした規則が頭に入っていると、難問にも論理的に対応できるようになります。例えば、段落の冒頭の一文に傍線部が引いてあり、この言い換えとして正しいものを選びなさいという問題があったとします。
・もし該当箇所の英文の意味がイマイチわからなかったら、先ほどの規則を使い考えます。段落の冒頭は、多くの場合はそのパラグラフの主題です。ということは、具体の部分から何の具体化なのかを考えれば、その一文の意味を推測できます。
・仮にそこでわからなかったとしても、文章の終盤で主題が再提示されることを利用すれば推測できます。
・このように、論理展開の規則を知っていると、わからない箇所もわかる部分から規則を利用して、ある程度論理的に意味を推測することができます。
・以上の2つのことを意識すると、長文を短時間で論理的に読み解くことができ、早慶レベルの問題でもある程度対応できます。

次に②について
・ぼくは基本的に長文は予備校のテキストを使い学習していたため、あまり参考書を使っていませんでしたが、オススメするとすれば、Z会のRISEシリーズです。
・これをおすすめする理由は、レベルの幅広さと解説の詳しさです。基礎・センターレベルから早慶レベルまで幅広いレベルのバリエーションがあり、解説もどのようなプロセスで答えを導くかや正解でない選択肢がなぜ間違いなのかなどが詳しく書かれていてとてもよいです。
・RISE４最難関レベルは特におすすめ。旧帝大や早慶の過去問が出典になっていて、なかなか骨のある質の高い英文が多く収録されていて、過去問を解く前にやるにはもってこいの一冊です。

最後に③について
・早慶の英語で安定して得点できるようになるには、慣れが必要になるのも確かですが、正しい努力をすれば必ず合格点を取れるようになります。
・そのヒントとして以下では2つのことを示したいと思います。1つ目は、長文演習の復習を丁寧にやることです。
・長文の復習ですべきことは2つ。1つは問題の復習、もう1つは本文の復習です。
・問題の復習というのは、答えに至るまでにどのようなプロセスをたどったかを丁寧に追い、そのプロセスを頭に染み込ませる学習です。
・英文や問題の内容は当然毎回変わりますが、問題を論理的プロセスに沿って解くやり方は、どんな問題でも変わりません。
・本文の復習は、取り組んだ英文をスラスラ読めるまで繰り返し音読することです。このような丁寧な復習が上達の近道です。
・もう1つは、早慶上智の様々な学部の問題にあたり、早慶レベル特有の頭の使い方を体得することです。
・早慶は、ご存知の通り私大の最難関。もちろん標準的な問題も出題されますが、論理的に考えなければ正解に至らない問題が多いです。こうした問題をいかに多く解けるかが合格点がとるうえで大切になります。
・こういった問題は、正解までに至るプロセスが大切です。自分が受けない早慶上智の学部の問題を解いていくことで、早慶で必要とされる論理的解法に慣れていくことが合格点を安定してとることへの近道ではないかと思います。

かなり長くなってしまいましたが、以上です。少しでもお役に立てれば嬉しいです。まだまだ暑い日が続きますが、適度に休みつつ頑張ってください！

1e:Tbd7,初めまして。

英語自体の理解よりも内容の理解というのに現状、苦しんでいるということですよね。

さて、本題に入りますと、自分もこの手の問題に悩むタイプだったのですが、現代文もなんとなくでやってしまっていて成績にブレがあったりはしませんか？

選択問題では点数が取れたりするけど、記述になると途端に何を書けばいいのか分からなかったりしませんか？

おそらくなのですが、文章の繋がりというか全体としてのまとまりを感じることができていないのだと思います。
その理由はおそらく、文章がどのように構成されたものなのか考えていないからだと思われます。

英文を読んでいて、この段落とこの段落とはどうやって繋がっているのだろう？と悩んだことも多いのではないでしょうか。文章の形というか、どのように構成されているのかをいくつか記します。

① 序論→本論→結論
このタイプはよくみますし、1番読みやすいと思います。こうだからこう。こうだからこう、と順番に綺麗に書いてあります
しかし、これだけではないのです。

②逆を検証するタイプ
伝えたいことを強調するために、逆をあえて引用しそれを上回るような論で伝えたいことを強調するタイプです。

③同じことを違う角度から検証するタイプ
文章自体のテーマについて、あらゆる角度から検証するタイプです。これは中々厄介です。一見、いきなり違う話題に何度か飛ぶわけです。ですが結局同じ主題を色々な角度から根拠づけている事が多いです。

④ざっくり主題だけが決まっていて、全く別の話をいくつか紹介するタイプ。
例えば『犬』というトピックがあるとします。
一段落目には犬とチョコの関係、二段落目には犬の人懐こさはいつからか、三段落目には嗅覚についてなど、トピックだけは一致しているものの、ほぼ別の話題を何個か取り上げているものです。

ここまでいくつか文章の形を紹介してきましたが、文法などを理解されていらっしゃるのなら文章の中で各々の文がどのような意味を持つのか考えてみるのもいいと思います。わかりやすいのでいうと、for exampleときたら例ですよね。一つ一つどのような文なのかなんとなく考えてみる練習をされるといいと思います。

長くなりましたが、文章がどのような形を知っておいて、どんな風か考え、パラグラフごとにまとめてみたり、文それぞれが前後の文とどんな関係か考えてみる、英語というより読解について考えてみるのがおすすめです。
頑張ってください。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=Rsunm38zEEvjn8Hh","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"長文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",32,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"10/19 16:41"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"文章の構成は常に意識して、筆者が何を伝えようとしているか推測しながら読んでいました。\n\nただ文字を追うように読むのではなく、この文章がこの後どう展開していくのか考えながら読むことが重要です。\n\n大体文章は筆者が伝えたい主張が核としてあって、それを分かりやすくする為に、具体例や一般論を挙げたりだとかして文章に肉付けしていきます。\n\nところがそのまま一言一句訳しながら読もうとすると、肉付けしたところも丸ごと読むことになるので、沢山の情報量を一気に処理しなければならなくなり、結局読み終わった時に何が書いてあるんだかわからなくなったりするのです。\n\nなので、文章の中から取捨して、主張の核となる部分を拾い集めないといけません。\n\nそしてこれができると、\"内容把握系\"のこの中から正しい主張を選べ などといった問題が解けることになります。\n\n\n\n又、わからない文が続いていた中でも、その周囲の文章からあきらめずに推測してみることが大切です。\n読みにくいところは抽象的に書かれていることも多い為、周りの具体例を探しましょう。\n\n大体パラグラフの始めか終わりに、その段落のまとめはされることが多いことや、周囲のパラグラフの関係性から考えてみるとわかってくることがあると思います。\n\nあとは、余分な修飾語は見ずに着実に主語述語を抑えていくのも大切です。\n\n\nただ読むだけではなく考えながら読む。\n大変だとは思いますが、過去問演習頑張ってください！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"seechan","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学社会科学部","adviceId":"Rsunm38zEEvjn8Hh","numberOfFan":317,"clipsAvg":21.008032128514056,"adviceRateAvg":4.673267326732673,"profile":"1年間アルバイトしながらの宅浪生活をへて早稲田大学に入学。\n昨年卒業しました。\n\n受験生のみなさん頑張ってください！\nそしてかけがえのない高校生活を大切にして。\n時間は戻ってこないから。\n\n偶に覗きにきます。\n"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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16:05"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"丁寧にありがとうございます！！\n頑張ります！"}]]}]]}]]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/SEhRTnIBTqPwDZPuQnWX","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"長文　　　　　"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"・英文の流れは「抽象」→「具体」であり、1つのパラグラフに主張は1つ含まれていることを意識する。(このとき、だいたいそのパラグラフの結論は一文目に書かれています。)\n・長文を読む前にタイトルや設問、選択肢などから長文全体の流れをなんとなくイメージする。\n・ディスコースマーカー(特に逆接)に注意して印をつける\n・分からない単語の意味は推測する\n・英文の意味を前からとっていく。文中の情景などをイメージで理解する(このとき日本語に訳さず、英語のまま直接イメージに繋げる)。\n\n私は英文を読むときは、だいたい以上のことを気にしています。慣れてくると無意識に気にかけることができると思います。高3でしたら、そろそろ過去問を取り入れながら、志望校の問題形式、頻出テーマ、文章の形式(エッセイ/論説文etc.)に慣らしていってもいいと思います。\n応援しています！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"長文問題"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"接続詞に注目すると、筆者の主張を順序良く理解しながら読み進めることができます。\n\n接続詞は軽視されがちですが、長文を読む上で大きなヒントとなります！\n\n接続詞に注目すると、次の文が前の文と同じ内容なのか、付け足しの内容なのか、反対の内容なのかなどを知ることができます。\n\nしかし、接続詞があまり無い長文もたまにあると思います。その場合はそれぞれの文の主語、述語をはっきりさせることが大切です。というのも、読み進めるうちに忘れてしまう原因として、関係代名詞などによる追加情報が多すぎるということがあるからです。\n\n関係代名詞による追加情報も大切ではありますが、それよりも主語、述語の方が大切です。各文章の、誰がどうした、何がどうかなどを把握しているだけでかなり変わると思います。\n\nぜひ意識して解いてみてください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文の読み方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"\n質問者さんは文章を読むときに、文章の全体像を意識しながら読んでいるでしょうか？\n\n筆者はその文章全体を通して伝えたいことがあり、それを一文一文に分けて書いているということをまず意識してみましょう。\n\n文章全体を意識するコツとしては\n①主題\n②論点\n③結論\n\nを読みながら探すということです！\n\n主題は、そもそも何について書かれているのか\n論点は、筆者は何を問いかけているのか・何に疑問を思っているのか\nそして結論は、その論点（問い）に対して筆者自身がどう結論づけているのか\n\nであり、評論の中には必ず書かれているので、この主題論点結論が分かるとその文章が一気に理解しやすくなります。\n\nこうして文章の全体像が掴めたら、あとは一文一文が文章の全体の中のどの部分なのかを考えるだけです。\n\n\n大体文章というのは、読み手に抜けた納得感を持って貰うため\n1.導入  （こんな話するよ〜 :主題）\n2.一般論  （世間ではこう言われてるよね）\n3.論点（でも実際どうなの？一般論ではこうだけどそれって本当？）\n4.筆者の自論  （根拠だったり、例をもってきたり、中身の部分）\n5.結論 （一般論はこうだけど、筆者はこう思うよ）\n\nみたいな形になっているので、\nその一文は文章全体の中で何を示しているのかもわかるかと思います。\n\nなので、まずは全体像をつかむ、その後にその一文の役割は何なのかを考えてみるといいかと思います！\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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