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1b:Tbd7,初めまして。

英語自体の理解よりも内容の理解というのに現状、苦しんでいるということですよね。

さて、本題に入りますと、自分もこの手の問題に悩むタイプだったのですが、現代文もなんとなくでやってしまっていて成績にブレがあったりはしませんか？

選択問題では点数が取れたりするけど、記述になると途端に何を書けばいいのか分からなかったりしませんか？

おそらくなのですが、文章の繋がりというか全体としてのまとまりを感じることができていないのだと思います。
その理由はおそらく、文章がどのように構成されたものなのか考えていないからだと思われます。

英文を読んでいて、この段落とこの段落とはどうやって繋がっているのだろう？と悩んだことも多いのではないでしょうか。文章の形というか、どのように構成されているのかをいくつか記します。

① 序論→本論→結論
このタイプはよくみますし、1番読みやすいと思います。こうだからこう。こうだからこう、と順番に綺麗に書いてあります
しかし、これだけではないのです。

②逆を検証するタイプ
伝えたいことを強調するために、逆をあえて引用しそれを上回るような論で伝えたいことを強調するタイプです。

③同じことを違う角度から検証するタイプ
文章自体のテーマについて、あらゆる角度から検証するタイプです。これは中々厄介です。一見、いきなり違う話題に何度か飛ぶわけです。ですが結局同じ主題を色々な角度から根拠づけている事が多いです。

④ざっくり主題だけが決まっていて、全く別の話をいくつか紹介するタイプ。
例えば『犬』というトピックがあるとします。
一段落目には犬とチョコの関係、二段落目には犬の人懐こさはいつからか、三段落目には嗅覚についてなど、トピックだけは一致しているものの、ほぼ別の話題を何個か取り上げているものです。

ここまでいくつか文章の形を紹介してきましたが、文法などを理解されていらっしゃるのなら文章の中で各々の文がどのような意味を持つのか考えてみるのもいいと思います。わかりやすいのでいうと、for exampleときたら例ですよね。一つ一つどのような文なのかなんとなく考えてみる練習をされるといいと思います。

長くなりましたが、文章がどのような形を知っておいて、どんな風か考え、パラグラフごとにまとめてみたり、文それぞれが前後の文とどんな関係か考えてみる、英語というより読解について考えてみるのがおすすめです。
頑張ってください。1d:Tffc,はじめまして！

英語長文の意味が取れないには2段階あると思います。1つ目は文章単体の解釈ができない、2つ目は文章単体の意味が取れても全体を通して何が言いたいか分からない、です。

1つ目について。
大前提ですが、一文一文の構文解釈ができていないと文全体の理解には届きません。
ただ注意として、文章単体の構文が解釈出来ても必ずしも意味が取れるとは限らないということです。詳細は後述します。
とりあえずこの段階はクリアしているということで、次に進みます。

2つ目について。
結局、英語長文は英語である以前に文章であるので読解が問われます。すなわちある程度の英語力が身についても読解力がないと文全体の意味を取れないです。読解力となると国語的な考え方ですね。
ポイントとしては文章を単語の羅列として捉えるのではなく情報の流れとして見ることです。文章には問題提起があって、そこから筆者の主張が展開されて、最後まとめや結論があります。問題提起だけ見ても筆者が何を言いたいか分かりませんし、筆者の主張を1個1個追って行っても問題提起が分からないとただダラダラと続く文章を眺めるだけになります。
今見ている文章の情報の質を意識しながら読む練習をすべきです。慣れてくると、「今この段階にいるから次はこうやって話が拡がって行くだろうな」「今ここまで説明されたから次はこれの説明が来るだろうな」といった予想が立てられるようになります。
では具体的にどういう風に勉強を進めればいいかですが、私も受験生自体かなり苦労しました。理由はそれをズバッと解説している参考書があまりないからです。大抵の問題集は答えだけかただ和訳が載っているだけ。つまり全てが理解できた結果しか載っておらず、どうやってそこまでたどり着けるかの説明はされません。そしてなにより自分に合った解説かどうかも結構大切です(解説が何言ってるのか分からないと意味ないですからね)。力足らずで申し訳ないですか、結局自分で探し出す他ないです。
1個参考書や問題集選びのコツを教えると、英語特有の構文解釈ではなく、国語的な読解に焦点を当てているものを探すべきです。前者はここで言う1段階目ですが、恐らくSohaさんのレベルだと後者の2段階目です。文章1つ1つではなく文章の繋がりに焦点が当てているものを選びましょう。
あと参考書選びで役立つキーワードを2つほど紹介します。「旧情報と新情報」と「論理構造」です。前者について、英語は既に言及された情報や目新しくない情報は文章の頭にやって、新しく言及する情報や強調したい情報は後ろにやる傾向があります。文法にもその影響が出ています(倒置や分裂分とか)。後者について、これはまさに国語的ですが、筆者が主張を展開するにあたって、反復したり対比をしたり因果を引いたりと論理構造を構築します。これら2つは英語読解に必要なキーワードです(なんなら現代文にも使える)。なので、これらがちゃんと扱われた参考書はオススメです。

以上です。
もし的はずれな解説をしていたら申し訳ないです。
長文読解はかなり対策が難しい分野ですが、できると英語の偏差値がかなり上がります。また構文解釈よりはコツを掴むとかなりスムーズにできるようになると思います。
また何か聞きたいことがあればメッセージでお願いします。
頑張ってください💪💪💪1e:Te32,こんにちは！

長文が読めない原因はいくつかあると思いますがその中でも主にこの３つのどこかではないかと思います！！

① 単語を覚えていない

② 解釈が上手くできていない

③ 長文に慣れていない

まず①ではとにかく単語帳を1冊完璧にしましょう！！また、単語帳で覚えていく時の注意点は以下のようなことだと思います！

① 単語を単語帳の場所で意味を覚えない。

これは結構あるあるなのですがどうしても何回も単語帳をやっていると意外とこういうことに陥りやすいです！こういう時は派生語をやるのに移ったりしていくのがいいと思います！

②  単語帳での単語が出てくるスピードを速くする

単語は見た瞬間に0.1秒で意味が出でこなければ長文で使えるような単語にはなりません。思い出しているようではダメで反射的にでなければいけないと思います。

③ 単語をイメージで覚えていない。

例えばexpandっていう単語があって【拡大する】っていう日本語訳がでてくるだけではなく広がっていくイメージをその単語に植え付けると長文中でてきたときにそのイメージのまま読むことができます！これは何個も意味がある単語や多義語などにも有効だと思います！

是非参考にやってみてください！！

② 次に解釈ですがまずは1から英文解釈をやるのであればスタサプの人気講師である肘井先生の肘井学の読解のための英文法がいいと思います！これはかなり基礎から英文解釈をしっかり解説されていてとてもわかりやすいのでおすすめです！
この後は基礎英文解釈の技術100がいいと思います！

自分がおすすめする英文解釈のルートは以下の通りです。参考にしてみてください！！

肘井学の読解のための英文法→基礎英文解釈の技術100（ここまででMARCH、関関同立）→ポレポレ（早慶レベル）

また、解釈の参考書のやり方は以下のやり方がおすすめです！参考にしてみてください！！

①  全文読んでSVOCをとっていく。（和訳はどちらでもOKです。最悪読むだけでも大丈夫ですがとにかく構文を掴んで意味を掴むことに意識を集中させることが大切です！）

② 解説を見て構文をとりなおして訳をなおす。

③ しっかり一文ずつ構文がわかり訳ができるようになったら最初から音読する。

④ つっかえずに音読できるようになったら次に進む。

最後に③ですがとにかく長文では慣れていくことが大切だと思います！！
読解の参考書のおすすめは英語長文ポラリスと英語長文ソリューションシリーズです！！

ソリューション1→ポラリス1（共通テストレベル）→ソリューション2→ポラリス2（MARCHレベル）→ソリューション3→ポラリス3（早慶レベル）

このようにやっていくのがおすすめです！！

参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）

また、UniLink パートナーのオンライン受験相談も実施しています！興味がある方はメッセージよろしくお願いします！！！1f:Tc41,最終的には、筆者の主張やその根拠が重要です。具体例はあくまでそれを理解するための補助線のようなものです。この立場に立って、意識してみて欲しいことを述べます。
 まず、段落の最初の部分と最後の部分をしっかり把握して、続く部分と対応させながら読みましょう。基本的に、評論文では、段落の最初(1文目とは限りません。)の方で、その段落で何を言おうとしているかを述べていることが多いです。ちなみに、そのような文をトピックセンテンスと言います。そして、その文で述べられた内容を具体的に説明する文章が続くことがよくあります。また、最後の部分では(次の段落の最初のこともあります)、その段落のまとめが書かれていることが多いです。トピックセンテンスと、その他の文を関連付けて読むことで、その段落の要点が何で(例えば、どんな主張がなされているか、どのような、あるいは何に対する具体例が挙げられているのか)、その根拠や具体例がなにかを整理しやすくなると思います。
 ディスコースマーカーにも着目しましょう。andやor、but、because、,soなどの接続詞や、therefore、thus、howeverのような接続副詞、あるいはfor example、in particularのような句は明示的に前後の関係性を示してくれています。そのような語句に注意することで、内容と内容の関係性が分かります。それによって、論理構成が分かりますし、結果的に重要な箇所とそうでないかしょを考えるヒントになります。
 さらに、語句の抽象度にも注意しましょう。例えば、

日本食は美味しい。特に寿司や天ぷらは絶品だ。

のような文章では、日本食から、寿司、天ぷらで抽象度が下がって、具体的になっています。このような例では、より具体的な文が、抽象的な文の具体例になっていることが多いです。具体的な文と抽象的な文の対応を考えると、何が主張で何が例なのかがはっきりわかり、文章を整理しやすくなると思います。
 また、例が何に対するものなのか、根拠が何に対応するのかを意識しましょう。例えば、筆者の主張に対する例か、一般論に対する例か、根拠となる文を理解するための例なのかを考えましょう。

以上で、取り組み方のコツをいくつか述べてきました。まだ直前期ではないので、時間に間に合わせることにこだわるよりは、精読を意識してみてはいかがでしょう。その上で、上記のことを意識しながら、段落ごとの内容をまとめてみるといいかもしれません。また、段落間の関係を確認したり、文章全体の内容を要約したりすることで、情報の整理ができるようになっていくと思います。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=PiayS2wBTqPwDZPupqxE","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"英語長文を読むには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",29,") コメント(",2,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"8/1 14:41"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"なおせ","infoString":"高3 福岡県 九州大学志望","adviceId":"PiayS2wBTqPwDZPupqxE"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"単語、熟語はそれとなく覚えていていざ長文問題をやろうとすると傍線部の日本語訳、内容の解釈が答えとズレまくってしまいます。肘井先生の授業内の短文、中文(6〜10行程度)の解釈などちょっとした設問ならわかるようになってきましたが、文が長くなるにつれてイヤになってくるのか途端にわからなくなってしまいます。物語文などが特にそうなってしまいます。どうすれば得点力がアップしますか？\n抽象的な質問ですがご回答お願いします"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_0A21F138632042DC90D0C5B56B2A6675.jpg?alt=media&token=3108db65-8daf-44e6-a4ab-af5cd08fcf9e","adviserName":"ねっぴぃ","adviserDepartment":"東京大学文科二類","adviceId":"PiayS2wBTqPwDZPupqxE"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"まず内容解釈について\n長文の構造を押さえる練習をしましょう！\n「パラグラフリーディングのストラテジー」などオススメですよ笑\n\n基本1パラグラフ1トピックで構成されています。\nパラグラフは段落でわけられたまとまりのことです。\nなので極論トピックセンテンス（その話題が端的に表された一文）を読めば後を読む必要はありません（物語文は無理です笑）。\nトピックセンテンスは基本パラグラフの\n最初か最後にあります。\n\n文と文の関係性にも触れておきます。\nざっくり3種類あって\n1、抽象→具体（この抽象が大抵トピックセンテンス）\n2、因果関係（結果か理由どちらかがトピックセンテンス）\n3、対立関係（逆説語の後がトピックセンテンス）\nです！\nこの3種類のどれに当てはまるのか意識しながら\n読むと、よりトピックセンテンスが分かるようになると思います。\n\nそして1パラグラフ読んだら、この段落は\n①何の話をしていたのか、\n②前の段落とどういう関係にあるのか、\nを確認してみましょう。\n②においても先述の3つの関係が役立ちます。\n\n物語文はもっと分かりにくいですが、\n基本は同じです。\nこの段階で何が起きたか、心情がどう変化したかなど\nを意識して読んでみましょう。\n\n日本語訳については\n確かに内容が理解できているとかなり訳しやすい\nですが、分かってなくても文法的に訳せることは\n多いです。\n\n１、文法や単語の意味、また文構造の取り違えで間違えたのか、\n２、文構造や単語の意味を選択する上で、内容理解が必要で、それが不十分だったために間違えたのか、\nこの2点に分類して復習するといいでしょう。\n\n長文失礼しました。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_0A21F138632042DC90D0C5B56B2A6675.jpg?alt=media&token=3108db65-8daf-44e6-a4ab-af5cd08fcf9e","adviserName":"ねっぴぃ","adviserDepartment":"東京大学文科二類","adviceId":"PiayS2wBTqPwDZPupqxE","numberOfFan":29,"clipsAvg":21.944444444444443,"adviceRateAvg":4.68,"profile":"高3の6月に一橋から志望変更し、夏・秋の判定もD・Cでしたが、なんとか現役合格できました。\nちょっとしたことでも気軽に相談してください！\n（2020/8/10 回答を再開します）\n"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L17",null,{"id":"adsbygoogle-init-under-advice"}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":["コメント(",2,")"]}],["$","$L18",null,{"adviceId":"PiayS2wBTqPwDZPupqxE"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"MARCH英語長文の壁に当たっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まず長文は下線が引かれてて和訳する、または記号問題の該当箇所ではない限り、きちんと精読する必要はありません。たぶんかびごんさんは、全文きちんと和訳できるぐらい正確にきちんと読もうとされて、ノックアウトされているような気がします。内容が把握出来なさすぎるのはいけませんが、少々雑で良いですから、細部に拘らず、パラグラフごとに意味を大まかにとり、最終的には全体で意味をとるようにしましょう。各段落にパラグラフメモを簡潔に一文ぐらいで書く練習をするのも良いですよ。文構造がすぐに思い浮かばないと仰っていましたが、これに関しては慣れです。恐らく今まで短い文章を精読するような参考書を使って勉強されてきたと思うので、これから難易度は気にせず、簡単な文章でも大量に読む多読をしましょう。最初は時間がかかり、なかなか先に進まないとは思いますが、続けていれば内容をそこそこ把握しながら速く読めるようになります。その時に和訳する時のような、日本語の語順で読むのではなく、英語の語順で英語のまま理解するようにしてください。これも最初はきついですが、慣れれば出来ます。あとわからない文構造、単語が出てきたら、手持ちの参考書で辞書を引く感覚でその都度調べる癖をつけましょう。これをやっていると頭の中に今まで習ったことがより定着していきます。また動詞を見た時に前置詞を予測して読めないとも仰っていましたが、これは英単語を覚える時に前置詞まで及んでいないからだと思います。例えばthinkだけを覚えても意味はなくて、think about, think of、前置詞ではありませんが、think 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"何回か読まないとと意味が取れない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"初めまして\n\n解決策:そのままで大丈夫です というか一通り文を読み終えてから解くのは避けた方が良いです\n\nまず、問題の最後に内容一致問題がある場合\n特に選択肢が英語のものは、高い確率で本文の流れと選択肢の順番はリンクしてるので、内容一致問題なのでもちろん間違った部分もありますが、話題は掴めるので、まず1つ目の選択肢を読んで、その正誤を確認するために本文を読む、わかったら、次の選択肢の最後を確かめるために読む、、というのを続け、その間に傍線などあればその都度問いに答えるのが、長文演習では有効です \n\nまた、入試問題、問題集の長文は基本的に英語のサイトや記事から持ってきています つまり、書き手が伝えたいことは結局1つなのですが、記事として載せている以上、読者に読み物としてクオリティのあるものを作る必要があるため、その主張を支える例示、対比、理由などが細やかに書かれているので、英語を学習中の僕たちには複雑に感じてしまうことがあるのです\n\nなんで、各パラグラフ(段落)ごとに言いたいことも1つ(.主張、テーマ、理由、例示、対比など)なので、そのパラグラフの役割を考えれば、途中でわからない文が出てきても\nこれらは、非常に多くの場合パラグラフの先頭か末にあるので、そこから判断できます(例えばThere are three reasons.とくれば自明にそのパラグラフは理由について書かれていますね 考えてみれば当たり前のことしかないので、それを意識すればいいだけです)\n\n「このパラグラフは◯◯のいいことを言ってるんだからネガティヴな内容じゃねえだろうな」\nくらいの感覚で進んで構わないので 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