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1c:Tbd7,初めまして。

英語自体の理解よりも内容の理解というのに現状、苦しんでいるということですよね。

さて、本題に入りますと、自分もこの手の問題に悩むタイプだったのですが、現代文もなんとなくでやってしまっていて成績にブレがあったりはしませんか？

選択問題では点数が取れたりするけど、記述になると途端に何を書けばいいのか分からなかったりしませんか？

おそらくなのですが、文章の繋がりというか全体としてのまとまりを感じることができていないのだと思います。
その理由はおそらく、文章がどのように構成されたものなのか考えていないからだと思われます。

英文を読んでいて、この段落とこの段落とはどうやって繋がっているのだろう？と悩んだことも多いのではないでしょうか。文章の形というか、どのように構成されているのかをいくつか記します。

① 序論→本論→結論
このタイプはよくみますし、1番読みやすいと思います。こうだからこう。こうだからこう、と順番に綺麗に書いてあります
しかし、これだけではないのです。

②逆を検証するタイプ
伝えたいことを強調するために、逆をあえて引用しそれを上回るような論で伝えたいことを強調するタイプです。

③同じことを違う角度から検証するタイプ
文章自体のテーマについて、あらゆる角度から検証するタイプです。これは中々厄介です。一見、いきなり違う話題に何度か飛ぶわけです。ですが結局同じ主題を色々な角度から根拠づけている事が多いです。

④ざっくり主題だけが決まっていて、全く別の話をいくつか紹介するタイプ。
例えば『犬』というトピックがあるとします。
一段落目には犬とチョコの関係、二段落目には犬の人懐こさはいつからか、三段落目には嗅覚についてなど、トピックだけは一致しているものの、ほぼ別の話題を何個か取り上げているものです。

ここまでいくつか文章の形を紹介してきましたが、文法などを理解されていらっしゃるのなら文章の中で各々の文がどのような意味を持つのか考えてみるのもいいと思います。わかりやすいのでいうと、for exampleときたら例ですよね。一つ一つどのような文なのかなんとなく考えてみる練習をされるといいと思います。

長くなりましたが、文章がどのような形を知っておいて、どんな風か考え、パラグラフごとにまとめてみたり、文それぞれが前後の文とどんな関係か考えてみる、英語というより読解について考えてみるのがおすすめです。
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mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_C402C9E729B4424990D62D0161C98AB6.jpg?alt=media&token=e5813e42-9ce4-425b-8381-f4772ba37eff","clientUserName":"れき","infoString":"高2 神奈川県 慶應義塾大学経済学部(68)志望","adviceId":"OU7OQ3gBTqPwDZPu_CF9"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"慶應経済志望の新高3です。\n和文英訳が全く出来ません。\n自分なりに回答を考えて解いても、解答とは乖離したものになってしまいます、何か和文英訳の上達するおすすめの方法はありませんか？"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold 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mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"れきさん\n\n和文英訳については、理解にあたって以下のプロセスがあると思います。\n1.書かれてある日本語の理解\n→書かれてある日本語が文法的にどういう構造になっているかを理解していなければそもそも英語には直せない\n例えば、「AとBのC」という文であれば、Cに所属しているAandBか、Aとは別にCに所属しているB、という二通りが考えられます。そこを理解できなければいけません。\n\n2.熟語や慣用句から、それと同義になる英語に当てはめる思考\n→知識を詰め込み、たくさんの慣用表現を英語で覚えておく必要がある。\n例えば、日本語で「〜しない限り」と書かれていれば英語でunlessなどが思いつかなければなりません。\n\n1については、もし日本語が理解できていなければ国語力が足りていないので、基礎的な現代文の勉強もする必要があると思います。そして、理解できていると思っていても意外と文法的に構造を把握していないこともあるかもしれません。AとBのCがいい例だと思います。\n\n2については、文法事項は当然のこと単語や熟語の知識も最低限は詰め込んだ方がいいです。日本語で「させる」と書かれていれば当然使役を英語でいい表せないなければ書けません。\n\nもし必要があれば、メッセージにて詳しくお答えします！\n長々と長文失礼しました。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_F07D16321AC343309AE1DCCE7138989F.jpg?alt=media&token=35245d90-245e-42ae-987c-494a7c474c5c","adviserName":"ドラゴンちゃん","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学法学部","adviceId":"OU7OQ3gBTqPwDZPu_CF9","numberOfFan":7,"clipsAvg":6.444444444444445,"adviceRateAvg":4.166666666666667,"profile":"オンライン家庭教師・コーチング受け付けています！"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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mb-1","children":"確かに、慶應文学部の英語は、日本語訳の問題が多いですよね💦\n日本語訳の問題を解く上で大切なことは、英文の構文を正しく理解することです。\n構文を誤解して解いた場合は、変な日本語訳になってしまいますし、採点の際も構文は絶対的なものだも思います。\nもちろん、日本語訳の問題をたくさん解いて慣れることも重要ですが、構文解釈の勉強も、日本語訳の力を増幅させるためにとても大切なことです。\n僕は早稲田は受験せず、慶應文学部一本でしたが、読解力養成用の参考書では、日本語訳の問題には特に注力し、細部の表現まで先生に質問をして、納得のいくまで日本語訳に拘っていました。また、構文解釈・和訳の勉強として『ポレポレ 英文読解プロセス50』という参考書をやりこみ、3周ほど解きました。もう、ご使用されているかもしれませんが、この参考書、早慶を目指す受験生には、かなりおすゝめです❗️\n超長文の読解力の強化を始め、構文解釈の勉強に特に力を注ぐこと、日本語訳の問題をたくさん解くことは、慶應文学部を目指す者として欠かせません。複数の意味から、文意にあった意味を選ぶ力、よりスムーズな日本語で表現する力なども、意識しながら勉強してみてください。\nコツコツと真面目に取り組めば、必ず力がつきます！大丈夫、これからです。應援してます！！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"慶應経済の和文英訳"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"慶應経済を受験したものです。\n赤本の解答はあくまでも模範解答ですので、それ通りにする必要もありません。\n基本的に注視すべき点は、\n・単語、熟語は間違っていないか？（スペル等）\n・構文、文法的に間違っていないか？（3単現や時制）\n・和文にある要素全てを組み込んでるか\nの3点です。\n上2つに関しては、ネイティブや英語の先生などに添削してもらって下さい。\n\nそして質問者さんが悩んでいるのは最後の項目のところでしょう。\n①、②に共通して言えることですが、日本語とバッチリフィットさせるという発想を捨ててみてください。\n例えば｢部活をやめる｣→「部活に参加しなくなる」というように単語選びが怖くなったらゴッソリ解釈を変えてしまって大丈夫です。自分も受験期にここまで内容を変えていいものなのかと戸惑いましたが、採点者が主に見てるのは単語・文法などのミスの有無ですから自信を持って変えちゃいましょう。\n\nおすすめの参考書は過去問が一番ですね。慶経の和文英訳は中々癖が強いので、市販の参考書では本番戦える力は身につけられないでしょう。とにかく添削してくれるパートナー的存在に依存しながら、何度も何度も書きまくってみてください。\nただ基礎的な和文英訳の力をつけるということでしたら、今までやってきた文法書の和訳を見て、自分で英訳してみるという学習法もあります。この勉強法は自分がやり込んだ参考書であれば特に効果が高いです。英作の力に加えて文法・構文の力もつきますから、そちらもぜひ取り組んでみてください。\n\n最後に度々言及したことではありますが、とにかくグラマーミスを注意してください。解釈が少し違うのと、グラマーミスとでは後者の方が圧倒的に失点に繋がりますから、難しめの文で攻めようとせず、無難に確実な文を書いていってください。\n\n長くなりましたが、応援しています！\n頑張って下さい！日吉で待ってます！！\n\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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mb-1","children":"まずは一度普段解いている長文を全て日本語に訳してノートに書いてみましょう。この全訳の出来次第で、今後取るべき勉強方法が変わってきます。\n\n\n①辞書や文法書などを見ないと日本語が書けない\nこれは読めているようで実は読めてないことの証左になってしまいます。なので訳せなかった部分の単語や文法は必ず解説を見て確認し、その都度覚えるようにして下さい。また、単語帳や文法の問題集などもいつも以上に時間を割いて演習する必要が出てきます。\n\n\n②訳はわりとスラスラ書ける\n訳を書けるということは内容はほぼ完璧に理解できているということです。にも関わらず設問が解けないとなると、単に解き慣れてないか、効率の悪い解き方をしてしまっている可能性が高いです。以下に設問を解く際のポイントを挙げてみるので、参考にしてみてください。\n\n⑴設問に先に目を通す\nこれは国語でも同じですね。文章の内容にいきなり突入するんではなく、どんなことが聞かれるのか先に知ってから読んでいった方が遥かに効率がいいです。\nただ、選択肢から選ぶタイプの問題は、その選択肢の中身までは読まない方がいいと個人的には思っています。例えば四つから正しい内容のものを一つ選ぶ問題だったとして、他三つは違う内容なわけですから、先にそっちを読んでしまうと本文を正確に読めなくなってしまいます。\n\n⑵段落ごとに読んでみる\n本文の読み方として、全部一気に読むのではなく、段落ごとに、読解と設問の処理を繰り返します。こうすることで解ける設問を早めに潰しながら読んでいけるので、正答率とスピードを共にあげられます。\n\n⑶段落ごとに内容をまとめる\n⑵と少し被りますが、内容整理の観点から、段落ごとに何が論じられていたのか短くまとめながら読んでいくといいかもしれません。最後の方まで読むと、最初に書いてあった内容を忘れてしまいがちですが、段落ごとに内容をまとめることによって、もし忘れてしまってもあとで手早く読み返せます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"京大英語ができません。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"回答失礼します。\n\n確かに最初の頃は和訳は大変ですよね。自分も同じ頃は空欄だらけでした。\n英文和訳・和文英訳・自由英作文の順で話していきます。\n\n①英文和訳\n京大の英文和訳を解くために必要な能力は、構文を把握する能力と単語力の二つです。解答用紙が穴だらけということは、単語の意味はわからないけど、ある程度構文は把握できている、ということだと思います。\n京大の英語を解こうと思ったら、少なくともターゲット1900・システム英単語あたりの英単語は押さえておく必要があります。もちろんこれらの単語帳に載ってないような単語も出てきます。英検準1級の単語帳や鉄壁などをやれと言われることがありますが、京大の英語で出てくる単語の多くはターゲット・シス単レベルの単語と、英検1級レベルの難単語です。そのため、鉄壁などはあまりやっても意味がないでしょう。\nまた、分からない単語の意味を推測する練習してみてもいいかもしれません。基本的に訳さず空欄にするのと誤訳とで減点に差はないので、分からなくても文脈や語源から推測して、なるべく書くようにしましょう。\n\n②和文英訳\n和文英訳の主な攻略法は、平易な語に言い換える・単語力でゴリ押しする、の2通りです(異論は認めます)。残り1年で少なくともどちらかの方法はマスターしましょう。\n\n③自由英作文\n京大は会話文英作だけでなく、様々なタイプの自由英作文を出してきます。今年の問題もかなりイレギュラーなものでしたね。\n結論から言いますと、自由英作文は練習あるのみです。\n自由英作文で求められる能力は、問われていることに正確に答える能力・発想力・基礎的な英作文能力の3つです。大変そうに思うかもしれませんが、過去問や模試などで地道に練習すれば身につけられます。\n個人的な予想ですが、2025年の入試は会話文英作が出ると思っています。最初はいくら時間をかけてもいいので、より良い解答が書けるようになるように練習しましょう。英熟語やイディオムを押さえておけば書きやすいかもしれません。\n\nざっとこんな感じです。健闘を祈ります！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語長文の和訳について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"回答させて頂きます！\n\n和訳問題で重要なのは単語ではなく実は文法です。\nもちろん、単語も必要になることはありますが、和訳の問題で解かせたいのは単語をどれだけやって来たかではなく、文法を理解しているかの方が問いたい大学が多いと思います。\n\n簡単な例えをすると、ifをーーかどうかと訳すかもしで訳すかは文法によって決まります。\n\nなので、あくまで文法で訳すことができないかと考えて下さい。\n第一文型なのか、2なのか3なのかさえわかればある程度の意味は推測できたりすることも多いです。\n\nわからない単語はそこからやりましょう！！\n\nそれと、単語でわからないものはしょうがないので気にしないでください。無視です。周りの文章からどういう話かでどういう系の単語かわかることもあります。\n\nまた、本番以外の場では単語が分からなくても次の本番で同じ単語が出てきたら絶対わかるように。と心掛けるだけで十分です。\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語 長文よめない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"東京大学2年のものです。\n単語や文法の勉強も続けるべきですが、長文読解能力は上がらないと思います。英語長文を読めないのは、2段階あると思います。\n\n① 英語構文を知らない\n② 長文を読む経験が少ない\n\nまず①について。\n英語長文は当然ながら幾つもの文章でできていますが、１つの文が読めなかったら長文全体も読めません。その、１つの文を読む力がまず足りない可能性があります。そして、それは構文というものを勉強しないときびしいかなとおもいます。\n\n英語の文にはいくつもお決まりの「型」がありますから、それを勉強してください。英語構文を扱った参考書はたくさんあります。\n\n②について。\n英語構文をある程度知ったら、あとはたくさん長文を読んでいくのみです。\n１つ１つの文章を読める力があれば基本的には全体もわかると思うのですが、やはり長い文章を読めなれるというのは相当時間がかかります。\nこの点についてはよく言われている音読学習が有効ということですね。\n\nまだ高2ですし、構文をやったことがなければ勉強したほうが後々楽です。ただ、同時に長文をやり始めるのもするべきですね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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rulesという英語長文の参考書（私が1番英語の偏差値伸ばせた参考書）をやっていました。この参考書は丁寧に構文が振られているし、丁寧な訳もついています。構文を頭に叩き込んでから何度も音読したことで、自然に英語力が身につきました。\n\nですから一度解釈の勉強をストップして、長文に慣れてからまた解釈に戻るのもありな気がします。\n\n\n構文は振れるのに訳ができない理由を考えたことはありますか？構文がとれる（=構造がわかる）なら訳せる力はあると思います！！慣れの問題なのか、単語の問題なのか、本当に構造を把握できているのか、5文型の訳し方パターンを覚えているか、もう一度確認してみてください。\n\n\n長文を読む上で構文を取れる力は必要ですが、最終的なゴールは超文を読解することでありsvocを振ることではありません。\n\n質問があればお答えします。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英文解釈ができるようにならない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"カナコさんこんにちは！\n\nその方法(分からなかった文をノートに書き出してSVOCをふる)は効果が出るはずです。\n\nしかし、改善するとしたら音読の部分だと思います。\n正直音読は発音練習の一環にすぎないので解釈の勉強に直結するものではありません。\nなので削るべきだとぼくは思いました。\n\n\n英文解釈について。\nとても重要な分野です。なるべく難しい文に触れてそれを必死に解釈してみてください。\nこのとき、人には聞かずに辞書・参考書のみを用いて自力で頑張るのです。悩んだ時間の分だけ英語力は伸びます。自分は現役時代、東大・早慶レベルの英文解釈の問題を文法の知識ほぼゼロの状態でやっていました。なのではじめは1文を解釈するだけで辞書を何度も引いて、といった具合でした。2〜3時間、問題によってはたった一文を一日以上かけて解いたこともありました。\n\nたしかに難しい文解釈はかなりハードルが高いですが、パズル的な要素があってとても楽しかったです。\n英文解釈はゲームの一環だと思い込んでみてください。おそらく英文解釈の世界にのめり込むことができます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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