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1c:Tcf6,英文和訳って、点数が出ないとめちゃくちゃ不安になるよね。共テで190点も取れてるのに…って思う気持ち、すごくわかる。けど、実は共テと記述の和訳って「読み方」からして別モノだから、落ち込む必要はないよ。

共テって、「速く」「正確に」情報を読み取って選択肢を捌くスキルが問われる試験だから、基本は“処理型”の読み方。だけど記述和訳は、1文をどれだけ深く構造的に読み解けるか、それを“日本語としてアウトプットできるか”が試されるんだ。

だから共テ感覚で「なんとなく意味は取れる」って読み方をしてても、記述では点が出ないのは当然。でも逆に言うと、共テで190点取れるくらいの“処理力”があるなら、正しい型さえ身につければ、記述も安定してくると思うよ。

ここからは、僕が思う改善のコツをまとめてみるね。

⸻

和訳で点を取るためのアプローチ

①「読む」から「書く」へ意識を変える
→ これはめっちゃ大事。読むだけだと「何となくわかったつもり」になって終わってしまうけど、書こうとすると「主語って誰？」「このthat何指してる？」みたいに自分の理解の穴に気づける。

② 構文は“意味を取るため”に使う
→ SVOCや修飾語の位置関係をしっかり意識する。透視図をなぞるだけじゃダメで、「自分で書けるようにする」練習が必要。自作で構文を分解して、答えと見比べるのがおすすめ。

③ 逐語訳 → 意訳 の2段階で書く
→ いきなりきれいな日本語にしようとせず、まずは英語の語順のまま直訳して、それをあとで自然な日本語に整える。このプロセスで、抜け落ちや文法ミスを減らせるよ。英語をそのまま日本語にするとキモくなりがちだから、英文和訳→和文和訳で解答をつくろう！

④ 模範解答との比較は「ズレの理由」を言語化する
→ どこが違ったのか？なぜ違ったのか？を毎回言葉で整理する。余裕があれば、それをノートにまとめて“間違えパターン別”にカテゴリ化すると、同じミスを防ぎやすくなる。間違えるのは仕方ないし、それはむしろ伸びしろ！間違いをパターン化して蓄積していこう！これが経験値になるから！

⸻

補足：高速処理型の人ほど、コツを掴めば強い

もともと共テで高得点が取れているということは、情報処理能力はかなり高い。だからこそ、構造を捉える“型”と、“日本語として出力する訓練”さえ積めば、記述は確実に安定する。

「書くこと」「比較して言語化すること」に重きを置いて、あとは数をこなして慣れる。それだけでも、きっと少しずつ点は上がってくるはずです。

⸻

僕も受験生のとき、共テの感覚で読み進めて記述が全然できなくて焦ってたけど、書くトレーニングに切り替えてから一気に安定しました。だから、大丈夫。1d:Tbd7,初めまして。

英語自体の理解よりも内容の理解というのに現状、苦しんでいるということですよね。

さて、本題に入りますと、自分もこの手の問題に悩むタイプだったのですが、現代文もなんとなくでやってしまっていて成績にブレがあったりはしませんか？

選択問題では点数が取れたりするけど、記述になると途端に何を書けばいいのか分からなかったりしませんか？

おそらくなのですが、文章の繋がりというか全体としてのまとまりを感じることができていないのだと思います。
その理由はおそらく、文章がどのように構成されたものなのか考えていないからだと思われます。

英文を読んでいて、この段落とこの段落とはどうやって繋がっているのだろう？と悩んだことも多いのではないでしょうか。文章の形というか、どのように構成されているのかをいくつか記します。

① 序論→本論→結論
このタイプはよくみますし、1番読みやすいと思います。こうだからこう。こうだからこう、と順番に綺麗に書いてあります
しかし、これだけではないのです。

②逆を検証するタイプ
伝えたいことを強調するために、逆をあえて引用しそれを上回るような論で伝えたいことを強調するタイプです。

③同じことを違う角度から検証するタイプ
文章自体のテーマについて、あらゆる角度から検証するタイプです。これは中々厄介です。一見、いきなり違う話題に何度か飛ぶわけです。ですが結局同じ主題を色々な角度から根拠づけている事が多いです。

④ざっくり主題だけが決まっていて、全く別の話をいくつか紹介するタイプ。
例えば『犬』というトピックがあるとします。
一段落目には犬とチョコの関係、二段落目には犬の人懐こさはいつからか、三段落目には嗅覚についてなど、トピックだけは一致しているものの、ほぼ別の話題を何個か取り上げているものです。

ここまでいくつか文章の形を紹介してきましたが、文法などを理解されていらっしゃるのなら文章の中で各々の文がどのような意味を持つのか考えてみるのもいいと思います。わかりやすいのでいうと、for exampleときたら例ですよね。一つ一つどのような文なのかなんとなく考えてみる練習をされるといいと思います。

長くなりましたが、文章がどのような形を知っておいて、どんな風か考え、パラグラフごとにまとめてみたり、文それぞれが前後の文とどんな関係か考えてみる、英語というより読解について考えてみるのがおすすめです。
頑張ってください。1e:Te4a,こんにちは！
私も長文読解に苦労し、最終的には英語の得点源とすることができた経験がありますので、お答えできたらなと思います。

まず初めに、質問者さんのやり方は正しいです。受験というくくりに関係なく、英語学習の最終目標は"音で理解できるようになること"です。
その目標に対してすべき学習方法を細分化していくと、世間一般で言われているような
単語、文法、解釈、長文、英作文、リスニング
のような分け方になる訳です。（大体左から順に積み上げるイメージです）

その上で、音声で聞いたときに内容がわからないことに関しては、どこに問題があるかをハッキリさせましょう。
例えば、単語に問題がある場合
単語の意味がそもそもわからない。あるいは、単語の意味がわかるが発音を正しく覚えられていない、というように、原因はどこかしらにあるはずです。

また、音声は同じ長文のものでも繰り返し聞くようにしましょう。私の場合は、移動中やご飯中、英語以外の他の科目を勉強している時も流し聞きするようにしていて、１つの長文の音声につき少なくとも７回以上は聞いていました。１回目で分からないやつでも５回くらい聞いてたら、音声聞くだけでも内容はわかるようになります。（内容覚えてしまうのもありますが、それでも全然良いと思ってました。）
さらに、私は日本語訳を見ながら聞くこともしていました。本当に分からない時は、今どこが読まれているのかも分かっていないので、これは理解度の確認にもなります。

長文読解に関してですが、前に言っていた事をわすれてしまう場合、文全体の構造、つまり、この文章は何を伝えたくて、今この段落では何の話をしている、というのが分かっていない可能性があります。小説の場合は、何の話で今どの場面というのがわかっていないと分からなくなりがちです。基本的に入試問題の英語長文は英語で書かれた文献から抜粋したものを扱うため、何かテーマがあるはずです。なので、文全体の構造を把握することは内容の理解においてとても大事です。

英語を英語のまま理解するに関しては、私は読みながら頭の中で音読する事をしていたら何となくできるようになった感じがありました。実際、その感覚を掴んでから短い時間でほぼ選択肢を外さないくらい正答率も上がってました。
ただ、これが人に合うか分からないし、そもそも日本語を母国語としている自分が日本語を日本語のまま読むことについて、説明できるわけでは無いので、英語を英語のまま読むという事が何なのか正確には分かりません。。。

焦りを感じる気持ちが出てくるのは分かりますが、抽象的な文を読むことはそもそも英語の地力があり、かつ、訳した日本語を理解できることが必要なので、今のうちはじっくり英語力を上げていきましょう。

長くなりましたが、英語は慶應入ってからも大事（特に文学部は英語を落とすと留年です😅）なので、楽しみながら頑張ってください！来年日吉に通われるのを願ってます✨2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=OU7OQ3gBTqPwDZPu_CF9","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"慶應経済の和文英訳"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",8,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"3/18 5:29"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_C402C9E729B4424990D62D0161C98AB6.jpg?alt=media&token=e5813e42-9ce4-425b-8381-f4772ba37eff","clientUserName":"れき","infoString":"高2 神奈川県 慶應義塾大学経済学部(68)志望","adviceId":"OU7OQ3gBTqPwDZPu_CF9"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"慶應経済志望の新高3です。\n和文英訳が全く出来ません。\n自分なりに回答を考えて解いても、解答とは乖離したものになってしまいます、何か和文英訳の上達するおすすめの方法はありませんか？"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold 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mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"れきさん\n\n和文英訳については、理解にあたって以下のプロセスがあると思います。\n1.書かれてある日本語の理解\n→書かれてある日本語が文法的にどういう構造になっているかを理解していなければそもそも英語には直せない\n例えば、「AとBのC」という文であれば、Cに所属しているAandBか、Aとは別にCに所属しているB、という二通りが考えられます。そこを理解できなければいけません。\n\n2.熟語や慣用句から、それと同義になる英語に当てはめる思考\n→知識を詰め込み、たくさんの慣用表現を英語で覚えておく必要がある。\n例えば、日本語で「〜しない限り」と書かれていれば英語でunlessなどが思いつかなければなりません。\n\n1については、もし日本語が理解できていなければ国語力が足りていないので、基礎的な現代文の勉強もする必要があると思います。そして、理解できていると思っていても意外と文法的に構造を把握していないこともあるかもしれません。AとBのCがいい例だと思います。\n\n2については、文法事項は当然のこと単語や熟語の知識も最低限は詰め込んだ方がいいです。日本語で「させる」と書かれていれば当然使役を英語でいい表せないなければ書けません。\n\nもし必要があれば、メッセージにて詳しくお答えします！\n長々と長文失礼しました。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_F07D16321AC343309AE1DCCE7138989F.jpg?alt=media&token=35245d90-245e-42ae-987c-494a7c474c5c","adviserName":"ドラゴンちゃん","adviserDepartment":"慶應義塾大学法学部","adviceId":"OU7OQ3gBTqPwDZPu_CF9","numberOfFan":8,"clipsAvg":6.666666666666667,"adviceRateAvg":4.166666666666667,"profile":"オンライン家庭教師・コーチング受け付けています！"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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mb-1","children":"慶應経済を受験したものです。\n赤本の解答はあくまでも模範解答ですので、それ通りにする必要もありません。\n基本的に注視すべき点は、\n・単語、熟語は間違っていないか？（スペル等）\n・構文、文法的に間違っていないか？（3単現や時制）\n・和文にある要素全てを組み込んでるか\nの3点です。\n上2つに関しては、ネイティブや英語の先生などに添削してもらって下さい。\n\nそして質問者さんが悩んでいるのは最後の項目のところでしょう。\n①、②に共通して言えることですが、日本語とバッチリフィットさせるという発想を捨ててみてください。\n例えば｢部活をやめる｣→「部活に参加しなくなる」というように単語選びが怖くなったらゴッソリ解釈を変えてしまって大丈夫です。自分も受験期にここまで内容を変えていいものなのかと戸惑いましたが、採点者が主に見てるのは単語・文法などのミスの有無ですから自信を持って変えちゃいましょう。\n\nおすすめの参考書は過去問が一番ですね。慶経の和文英訳は中々癖が強いので、市販の参考書では本番戦える力は身につけられないでしょう。とにかく添削してくれるパートナー的存在に依存しながら、何度も何度も書きまくってみてください。\nただ基礎的な和文英訳の力をつけるということでしたら、今までやってきた文法書の和訳を見て、自分で英訳してみるという学習法もあります。この勉強法は自分がやり込んだ参考書であれば特に効果が高いです。英作の力に加えて文法・構文の力もつきますから、そちらもぜひ取り組んでみてください。\n\n最後に度々言及したことではありますが、とにかくグラマーミスを注意してください。解釈が少し違うのと、グラマーミスとでは後者の方が圧倒的に失点に繋がりますから、難しめの文で攻めようとせず、無難に確実な文を書いていってください。\n\n長くなりましたが、応援しています！\n頑張って下さい！日吉で待ってます！！\n\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語の勉強方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まずは一度普段解いている長文を全て日本語に訳してノートに書いてみましょう。この全訳の出来次第で、今後取るべき勉強方法が変わってきます。\n\n\n①辞書や文法書などを見ないと日本語が書けない\nこれは読めているようで実は読めてないことの証左になってしまいます。なので訳せなかった部分の単語や文法は必ず解説を見て確認し、その都度覚えるようにして下さい。また、単語帳や文法の問題集などもいつも以上に時間を割いて演習する必要が出てきます。\n\n\n②訳はわりとスラスラ書ける\n訳を書けるということは内容はほぼ完璧に理解できているということです。にも関わらず設問が解けないとなると、単に解き慣れてないか、効率の悪い解き方をしてしまっている可能性が高いです。以下に設問を解く際のポイントを挙げてみるので、参考にしてみてください。\n\n⑴設問に先に目を通す\nこれは国語でも同じですね。文章の内容にいきなり突入するんではなく、どんなことが聞かれるのか先に知ってから読んでいった方が遥かに効率がいいです。\nただ、選択肢から選ぶタイプの問題は、その選択肢の中身までは読まない方がいいと個人的には思っています。例えば四つから正しい内容のものを一つ選ぶ問題だったとして、他三つは違う内容なわけですから、先にそっちを読んでしまうと本文を正確に読めなくなってしまいます。\n\n⑵段落ごとに読んでみる\n本文の読み方として、全部一気に読むのではなく、段落ごとに、読解と設問の処理を繰り返します。こうすることで解ける設問を早めに潰しながら読んでいけるので、正答率とスピードを共にあげられます。\n\n⑶段落ごとに内容をまとめる\n⑵と少し被りますが、内容整理の観点から、段落ごとに何が論じられていたのか短くまとめながら読んでいくといいかもしれません。最後の方まで読むと、最初に書いてあった内容を忘れてしまいがちですが、段落ごとに内容をまとめることによって、もし忘れてしまってもあとで手早く読み返せます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"京大英語ができません。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"回答失礼します。\n\n確かに最初の頃は和訳は大変ですよね。自分も同じ頃は空欄だらけでした。\n英文和訳・和文英訳・自由英作文の順で話していきます。\n\n①英文和訳\n京大の英文和訳を解くために必要な能力は、構文を把握する能力と単語力の二つです。解答用紙が穴だらけということは、単語の意味はわからないけど、ある程度構文は把握できている、ということだと思います。\n京大の英語を解こうと思ったら、少なくともターゲット1900・システム英単語あたりの英単語は押さえておく必要があります。もちろんこれらの単語帳に載ってないような単語も出てきます。英検準1級の単語帳や鉄壁などをやれと言われることがありますが、京大の英語で出てくる単語の多くはターゲット・シス単レベルの単語と、英検1級レベルの難単語です。そのため、鉄壁などはあまりやっても意味がないでしょう。\nまた、分からない単語の意味を推測する練習してみてもいいかもしれません。基本的に訳さず空欄にするのと誤訳とで減点に差はないので、分からなくても文脈や語源から推測して、なるべく書くようにしましょう。\n\n②和文英訳\n和文英訳の主な攻略法は、平易な語に言い換える・単語力でゴリ押しする、の2通りです(異論は認めます)。残り1年で少なくともどちらかの方法はマスターしましょう。\n\n③自由英作文\n京大は会話文英作だけでなく、様々なタイプの自由英作文を出してきます。今年の問題もかなりイレギュラーなものでしたね。\n結論から言いますと、自由英作文は練習あるのみです。\n自由英作文で求められる能力は、問われていることに正確に答える能力・発想力・基礎的な英作文能力の3つです。大変そうに思うかもしれませんが、過去問や模試などで地道に練習すれば身につけられます。\n個人的な予想ですが、2025年の入試は会話文英作が出ると思っています。最初はいくら時間をかけてもいいので、より良い解答が書けるようになるように練習しましょう。英熟語やイディオムを押さえておけば書きやすいかもしれません。\n\nざっとこんな感じです。健闘を祈ります！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"参考書を使って英文解釈を勉強する際の正しいやり方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！！\n高校２年生のうちから過去問に目を通してその対策をしようとしていることにとても尊敬します。\n\n　まずは英文解釈の勉強の進め方についてですが、絶対に選択肢で言うと①のように\n\n「一度何も見ずに自分なりに回答を作る」\n\nということをやって欲しいです。理由としては主に二つで\n\n・どの部分の理解が足りていないのかがはっきりわかる\n\n・結局受験本番では何にも頼れない\n\nと言うことです。それぞれ詳しく説明していくと、まず一つ目の理由について。\n\n　最初から解答を見てしまうとその時点で理解した気になってしまい、今の自分に何が足りていないのかがわからなくなってしまいます。受験勉強というのは自分の弱点を埋めていく作業がとても大切です。単語の意味がわからなくても自分の知識を総動員して推測するという経験も入試においてとても大事になってきます。いくら単語帳をやっても入試で全ての単語の意味がわかるということはあり得ないからです。\n　一度自分の回答を作って答え合わせをして理解した後、\n\n・回答を作るのに何分かかったのか\n・どの部分がわからなかったのか\n\n　この二点をメモしておくこともやって欲しいです。これをすることで効率的に復習できますし、どれだけ成長したのかがわかるのでモチベーションにも繋がります。\n\n　もう一つの理由について、先に解答解説を読んでしまうとその内容を思い出すのがメインになってしまい自分で考えられなくなってしまいます。二回目に解く時などはそれになるのはしょうがないですが、入試では自分で考えて回答を作ることが全てであるので今のうちからこのような経験をたくさんして欲しいです。全くわからないで何も書けないようなら一旦わからなかった単語だけを調べてもう一回構造を考える、など自分なりに段階を作って取り組んでみてください。\n\n　次に、英文解釈の前に文法、構文の演習をおこなうべきかについて、英検二級レベルの英語力があるならどんどん英文解釈に取り組んでいいと思います。同時並行で文法や構文の対策に取り組むのは全然いいです。英文解釈でわからなかった部分を今でやった文法書などで見返すのが自分的には効率がいいと思います。並び替え問題に絞って対策するとかはまだ必要ないです。長文問題を解くなどして英語力そのものを高めることを意識してください。\n\n　英語は毎日の積み重ねです。コツコツ少しづつ、焦らずに頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語 長文よめない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"東京大学2年のものです。\n単語や文法の勉強も続けるべきですが、長文読解能力は上がらないと思います。英語長文を読めないのは、2段階あると思います。\n\n① 英語構文を知らない\n② 長文を読む経験が少ない\n\nまず①について。\n英語長文は当然ながら幾つもの文章でできていますが、１つの文が読めなかったら長文全体も読めません。その、１つの文を読む力がまず足りない可能性があります。そして、それは構文というものを勉強しないときびしいかなとおもいます。\n\n英語の文にはいくつもお決まりの「型」がありますから、それを勉強してください。英語構文を扱った参考書はたくさんあります。\n\n②について。\n英語構文をある程度知ったら、あとはたくさん長文を読んでいくのみです。\n１つ１つの文章を読める力があれば基本的には全体もわかると思うのですが、やはり長い文章を読めなれるというのは相当時間がかかります。\nこの点についてはよく言われている音読学習が有効ということですね。\n\nまだ高2ですし、構文をやったことがなければ勉強したほうが後々楽です。ただ、同時に長文をやり始めるのもするべきですね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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