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1a:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList1"] 1d:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList2"] 1e:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList3"] 1b:T1007,こんにちわ。 以前、年号について書かせてもらったんで、それをまず再掲します。 大事な年号には、3種類あると思います ●「区切りの年号」 ■「つなぎの年号」 ★「単純に大事で試験によく出る年号」 具体例を出しながら説明すると、 184年 黄巾の乱 ★漢末期の大反乱として大事な年号 751年 タラス河畔の戦い ●8世紀前半と8世紀後半を区切る年号 ■イスラム世界（アッバース朝）と唐をつなぐ年号 ★製紙法伝達などで大事な年号 800年 カールの戴冠 ●8世紀と9世紀を区切る年号 ★西ヨーロッパ世界成立で〜（略）〜という点で大事な年号 999年 カラ=ハン朝がサーマン朝を滅ぼす ●9世紀と10世紀を区切る年号 （★中央アジアでのトルコ化が進むという点で大事だけど、入試で年号が問われることはない。） 1202年 第4回十字軍 1204年 コンスタンティノープルにラテン帝国成立 ●12世紀と13世紀を区切る年号 ■ヨーロッパとイスラム世界をつなぐ年号 1299年 オスマン帝国成立 ●12世紀と13世紀を区切る年号 ★オスマン帝国成立という点で大事な年号 1699年 カルロヴィッツ条約 ●17世紀と18世紀を区切る年号 ■ヨーロッパとイスラム世界をつなぐ年号 ★オスマン衰退の一歩として大事な年号 色々書かせてもらいましたが、分かったでしょうか？ ★のものは、優先的に覚えるべきです。直接年号を問われることが多いです。 ●と■は、試験を有利に進めるために必要です。 まあ、センターや私大の過去問やってくうちに、これらの重要性はわかると思います。 また、区切りの年号は、世紀を区切るだけではありません。 1644年 明の滅亡（これは★でもありますね）のようなものもあります。 明と清を区切る年号ですね。 また、もう一つレベルを上げると、 1849年 航海法の廃止 ●イギリス自由主義改革の最後の改革として、区切りの年号であります。 つまり、ほかのイギリス自由主義改革は、これより全部前です。 例えば、 「19世紀後半にイギリスでは、審査法が廃止された」 と言われたら、審査法の年号が分からなくても、 審査法=イギリス自由主義改革、 イギリス自由主義改革の終わり=航海法の廃止の1846年が分かれば、 審査法廃止は、19世紀後半には起きてないことを判断できます。 審査法の廃止の年号を覚えてなくても解けるわけですね。 （ちなみに、審査法廃止は1828年らしいです） 「どれくらいまで年号覚えておけばいいの？」って人、いっぱいいますよね。 自分は、「全ての世界史の出来事の年号を見当つけて答えられるくらい」覚えるべきだと思います。 その上で、★はもちろん、●や■のような年号も積極的に覚えていくべきだと思います。 それで、覚え方は自由です。 ゴロがあるなら、ゴロで覚えてもいいでしょう。 いざ国（1392）作ろう李氏朝鮮とか イミミミー（1333）とスペシウムで、鎌倉幕府崩壊 とか、変なゴロもたくさん作ってましたよ。 基本的には、この「区切りの年号」を覚えとけば、何世紀問題にも対応できます。 んで、もっと単純なことをいうと、 資料集の後ろに、世界中の年表が書いてあります。 それをみると、 「7世紀の中国といったら、唐」とか、 「10世紀の中央アジアは、サーマン朝」とかをすぐに確認できます。 色んな世紀の色んな場所を覚えておいて、「区切りの年号」と「つなぎの年号」もうまく使っていけば、ほぼほぼ解けます。 試してみてください！1c:T11db,本当は一橋大学の学生の方がお答えになるのが望ましいのでしょうが、少し思ったところがあったので、僭越ながら書かせていただきます。 ❶「時代と空間の理解」について 「時代と空間の理解」というのは、仰る通り、年号や地図で横のつながりを意識しながら一つ一つの歴史上の出来事について理解を深めていくことだと思います。ただ、それは単に年号や地図上の場所を覚えればそれで良いというわけでもないと思います。例えば、一つの争いごとについて見てるにしても、①そこには必ずそれを起こした人（あるいは人たち）がいます。そして、彼らがそれを引き起こさなければならなかった原因も必ずあるはずです。ここでまず、なぜその人たちがその争いごとを引き起こしたのかについて考えるとき、その争いごとが起きた時代にはどんな政治体制（支配者と被支配者の力関係など）が実施されていたのかとか、あるいはその時代の人々の生活はどのようなものだったのか（豊かだったのか貧しかったのかなど）とかのような時代的特徴が一つの大きなカギになります。また、その地域に特有の地理的事情があって、それが原因となる可能性も考えられます。②それから、原因がわかれば、自然その出来事の性質もわかるようになります。例えば過去に、絶対王政的な支配関係が確立されていた国で、人々が理不尽な抑圧に耐えかねて権力者に対して武力闘争を仕掛けたとしましょう。このとき、この出来事の性質は、簡単に言えばクーデターであることは自然にわかるでしょう。③そして、その出来事を受けてその後の時代状況がどのように変化したのか、ということも重要です。なぜなら、一定の長期的な流れを持つ国ほど、そこで起きた出来事がその後に起きる出来事にいくらか影響を与えるからです。例えば、ある国家のある時代の皇帝はこういう政治体制を実施し、こういった政策や行動をしたというとき、なぜそのような政治状況になったのかといえば、その前の皇帝の時代に、そのような政治状況に変える必要性を感じさせるほどの出来事があったからだという場合は十分に考えられます。以上のように、①その出来事を引き起こした主体、②その出来事の性質に注目することで「なぜその時代にその地域でその出来事が起こらなければならなかったのか」を明らかにするとともに、③その出来事が当時の人々にどのように受け止められ、その後の時代状況にどのような影響を与えたのか、ということにも注目することによって、歴史上の知識にどんどん関係性を持たせ、ストーリーや流れを掴んでいく。これが、「時代と空間を理解する」ということなのではないでしょうか。そして、教科書や参考書を読むときなんかは、こういったてんに着目して読んでいけば、歴史に対する理解も深まっていくのではないでしょうか。 ❷論述の勉強法 京大志望の時代に、論述の勉強をしていました。その方法とは、任意の学校の添削課題で世界史論述のやつがあったので、それを取りました。具体的には、Z会の『世界史論術のトレーニング』のうち指定された問題を解き、自己添削したのち、それを先生に提出すると、後で先生がさらにそれを確認・補足的に添削したものが返ってくるという感じでした。京大は300字ですが、一橋はさらにきつく400字ということで、はじめのうちは手も足も出なくても仕方がないと思います。最初のうちは、教科書を使って解答を書いてみることから始めてもいいと思います。教科書の知識どうしを自分なりに関係づけて解答を書いていくだけでも結構頭を使うので。それでだんだんと慣れてくれば、何も見ずに解いてみるというのを増やしていけば良いと思います。とにかく、まずは400字という圧巻の制限字数に慣れましょう。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=NFt79GMBp00JfyF5ZfUo","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"世界史 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whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"まずは各国の歴史、つまり縦の流れをきっちり固めましょう。\nそれをしっかりやったことを前提とします。\nおすすめは年号暗記です。\n代表的な出来事の年号をしっかりおさえ、余裕があれば細かいところもおさえたいですね。\nゴロで覚える参考書を1冊やってもいいかもしれないです。\n直接年号を問われることはほとんどないですが、早慶ではビミョーに前後関係をずらしてきたりする正誤問題は意外とあって、差もつきやすいです。\nそういうところで年号は生きてきます！\nまずは教科書や資料集で太字になってる出来事の年号を覚えてみてはいかがですか？\n自分は11月くらいまで代表的なものを覚え、そのあと細かいのを覚えていきました。\n世界史めっちゃ得意になりましたよ！おすすめです^_^"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 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mb-1","children":"まずは各国の歴史、つまり縦の流れをきっちり固めましょう。\nそれをしっかりやったことを前提とします。\nおすすめは年号暗記です。\n代表的な出来事の年号をしっかりおさえ、余裕があれば細かいところもおさえたいですね。\nゴロで覚える参考書を1冊やってもいいかもしれないです。\n直接年号を問われることはほとんどないですが、早慶ではビミョーに前後関係をずらしてきたりする正誤問題は意外とあって、差もつきやすいです。\nそういうところで年号は生きてきます！\nまずは教科書や資料集で太字になってる出来事の年号を覚えてみてはいかがですか？\n自分は11月くらいまで代表的なものを覚え、そのあと細かいのを覚えていきました。\n世界史めっちゃ得意になりましたよ！おすすめです^_^"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"夏の世界史の勉強の仕方について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"私も世界史選択で受験をしました。\n時代の基本的流れが分かっているのはとてもいい状態だと思います。きちんと勉強をしてきているんだなと感じました。\n山川の教科書がオススメされる理由としてはあくまで流れを掴むためだけに使うからです。質問してくれた通り山川の教科書だけでは合格を勝ち取るのは難しいです。教科書は流れを汲み取るのが苦手な人、または苦手な部分の理解をしやすくするためにあると思ってください。\nつまり、教科書レベルの内容を理解できていないと問題集に進む権利はないと思ってください。\n教科書はこの程度のレベルなんです。\n\nでは、詳しくどうすれば良いかを私なりに伝えさせてもらいますね。\n私は世界史が苦手だったので夏になっても流れを覚えている最中でした。もし、流れがわからない範囲があればまずはそこの流れを理解することを優先してあげてください。\n流れを理解するために使っていた参考書としては各国別世界史ノートというものです。国ごとの穴埋め式参考書なので流れがきちんと掴めます。\n一通り教科書レベルの流れはわかるようになったという場合は問題集をやってみましょう。問題集は私はHISTORIAを使っていました。最近出版されたものですが、解説が詳しいのでお勧めです。もちろん難関大向けに作られています。\nメリットは解説がしっかりとしていること。また、問題集として難しい問題も扱ってくれるので応用までしっかりと出来ること。他にも単元ごとなので各地域ごとに対策ができます。\nデメリットとしては各地域ごとに対策が出来ることです。先ほどメリットとしてこの点は話しましたが世界史は横の繋がりが重要です。各地域ごとの出題だけだと横の繋がりで問題が出された時にわからなくなってしまいます。\n横の繋がりを聞かれた時に重要になるものの１つとして年号が挙げられます。\n年号も意識的に覚えていきましょう。\n\n頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"世界史 一問一答できない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n　世界史の一問一答ができないのは、シンプルに一問一答の暗記が足りていないんだと思います。「流れをきちんと理解していないけれど一問一答はできる」という人がたくさんいます。（良くないですが）　ですので、一問一答の問題集を繰り返しやれば一問一答はできるようになると思います！　\n　勉強法について。僕はナビゲーター世界史という参考書を使ってまずは通史を終わらせました。ここでは全て暗記しようとはせずに話の流れを理解するように努めました。通史の理解ができたら次が暗記です！ここで一問一答をやるといいと思います。暗記は、一回やっただけではできなかったので何度も何度も一問一答の問題集を解きました！　通史と一問一答が終わればそこそこの点は取れると思います。　次にやることは、横のつながりを覚えることです。（イギリスが〜してるときに、アメリカは何してるのか、みたいなやつ）これは年号を暗記すればいいと思います。　ここまで終わると、センター試験（今は共通テスト）で満点のレベルです。　ここから先は余裕があればやってください。　世界史の用語集みたいな本ありますよね⁇ あの本に載ってる内容から結構出ていたので、用語集みたいな本を読んで出来るだけ覚えてみてください。　ここまでやれば、早稲田、慶應の世界史で高得点がとれると思います。\n　到達目標レベルに合わせて取捨選択して頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"世界史さえよければ届きそうなのに、アドバイスください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"世界史は単語を覚えるのがメインの教科と思われがちですが、そんなことはないと僕は思っています。俯瞰的な視点を持って、人類がどのように歩みを進めてきたのか、その流れを学ぶ教科でもあります。\nその流れを掴むためのチェックポイントが世界史用語だと思います。\n\nその上で、流石に基本的な単語が頭に入っていないのはまずいですから、どの時代の単語が頭に入っていないかしっかり振り返ってみましょう。もちろん、周りの方がやられているような難しい単語まで覚える必要はないですよ！\n(もうやっておられるなら申し訳ありません)\n\n単語がだいたい頭にはいってきたなと思ったら、図説での学習をお勧めします。図説などで全体の流れを掴んだり、全体の中でその単語がどのようなチェックポイントとしてあるのか、または単語と単語がどのような関係にあるのかを把握するようにしてみてはいかがでしょうか？\n\n例えば大航海時代以降のの銀の流れでも\n　　　　　　　メキシコ(アカプルコ銀)→マニラ→日本\n　　　　　　　　　　↘︎ ↙︎\n　　　　　　　　　　　　　　ヨーロッパ\n　　　　　　　　　　　➡️価格革命などなど…\nさらに明でも銀の流入により〇〇〇〇が発布され…\n\nというように銀の流れだけを例に取ってみても世界史ではさまざまな事象(単語)はポッと出で起こるのではなく、流れの中で起こることが多いです。単語を有機的に繋げるような学習を進めてみれば、単語も頭に入りますし、流れも掴めてくると思いますよ！\n\n受験も迫ってきましたが、あともう数ヶ月、頑張ってくださいね！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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