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1a:T1693,東京工業大学理学院に現役合格した者です。基礎固めに不安があるとのことでしたので、アドバイスをさせていただきます。
まず、数学ですね。現在使っている参考書が何か分かりませんので、私が基礎固めに使ったものとその勉強方法を紹介します。
私は青チャートを用いて基礎固めを行っておりました。具体的には、例題を周回し、理解ができたと思ったタイミングでexerciseと呼ばれる章末問題的なものに取り組んでおりました。ステップ事に詳しく解説しますね。
まず、例題の周回ですが、これは問題を解く際の基本的な考え方を身につけるのが目的であります。ここで注意しておきたいのですが、解法の「丸暗記」だけは絶対にしないでください。考え方を身につけるのが目的ですから、「理解」に重点を置いていただけると良いかと思います。具体的には、解答を読む際に、なぜこの解法が思いついたのか？他の方法ではダメなのか？なぜこのタイミングでこの定理を用いたのか？なぜこんな断り書きをしているのか？など…を自分の頭の中で考えながら勉強されていくのかオススメです。解法を丸暗記せず、しっかりと理解をすれば、初見の問題でも解き進めることが出来ます。自分の頭で考えた経験で勝負をするイメージですね。実際、私は数学の問題を解くときに解法はほぼ意識していません。問題文から、何を求めたいのか、今何をすればいいのかを読み取り、今までの経験を元に正解までのルートを組んでいます。丸暗記よりもこのような勉強方法の方が楽しいですし、他教科にも応用できる思考力が身につきますので、圧倒的に効率がよろしいかと思います。
次に化学・化学基礎ですね。学校でセミナーなどといった基礎的な問題集は配られているでしょうか。配られていない場合、書店で適当な物を探してください。教科書はお持ちである前提で勉強方法を紹介します。
理論化学分野から説明します。
理論化学は計算がメインになりますので、暗記より圧倒的に理解が重要になります。具体的には教科書を読み込み、現象を理解することに重点を置きます。なんとなく現象の意味が分かったタイミングで問題集などで具体的な問題を解くのが良いでしょう。一つ一つの計算がその現象の何に対応しているのかを考え、意味をしっかり理解してください。
続いて無機分野ですね。
こちらは非常に暗記が多い分野ですから、なかなか手を付けづらいかと思います。基本問題とはいえ、解くためには知識が必要です。しかし、基本問題を解くために教科書を読んで暗記をしていてもなかなか身につかないでしょう。そこで、私が実際にやっていた方法を紹介します。それは、解答を読みながら基本問題を周回しまくることです。教科書を一読した段階で問題集に入っていただいて構いません。おそらく、分からない問題ばかりかと思いますので、最初から解答を見て、問題文と照らし合わせる作業をしてください。この時、語句問題の答えは手元の紙に書きながら進めてください。書いてれば勝手に覚えます。問題集の文章を暗記する勢いで大丈夫です。5週もすれば基礎的な知識は全て頭に入るでしょう。そして、無機分野で厄介なものとして、気体の製法とイオンや化合物の色が挙げられますね。この2つに関しては個別に勉強方法を紹介します。
まず、気体の製法ですが、基本的に覚える必要はありません。ほとんどの反応は弱酸・弱塩基遊離反応か酸化・還元反応です。酸化還元は多少暗記要素が含まれますか、弱酸・弱塩基遊離反応に関しては暗記0で大丈夫です。無機分野で勉強するというよりは、理論分野の勉強として処理して頂ければ余裕なはずです。
化合物などの色に関しては、とにかく周回して遺伝子レベルで覚えさせましょう。残念ながら、ここでの暗記は避けられません。しかし、ただ覚えるだけではすぐに忘れてしまいますので、身近な物と結びつけて記憶することを意識しましょう。例えば、酸化亜鉛は白色であることと、絵の具のジンクホワイトに使われているということを結びつける…といった具合です。多少は楽ですし、楽しめると思います。
最後に有機ですね。有機では構造決定がメインになりますが、まず最初に立ちはだかる壁といえば、官能基の種類の多さではないでしょうか。これらは一気に暗記を試みると普通に挫折します。問題集では「アルコールとエーテル」や「アルデヒドとケトン」など、異性体ごとに単元が分かれていると思いますので、1単元ごとにじっくり問題を解き、覚えていくのがよろしいかと思います。高分子化合物も出題されると思いますが、これは無機と同じ勉強法で大丈夫です。

以上、私の経験からオススメと思われる勉強法をご紹介しました。志望校合格に向けて頑張りましょう。1c:Tc62,演習の際、用意している教材は問題集のみでしょうか？
もしそうなら、必ず教科書や図録を見ながら取り組みましょう。
教科書や図録を使わずに学習をする人は、丸暗記に陥りがちです。
解説が的を絞ったことしか書いていないからです。

以下詳細な回答です。

＊丸暗記では勝てない
＊暗記の心得3カ条
＊人に教えて理解を深める
＊まとめ

－－－－－－－－－－－－

【丸暗記では勝てない】

京大の化学は丸暗記で挑む人を叩きのめす構造になっています。
基本的な事柄に対しても「なぜか？」を理解して説明できる力が必要です。

大問1…酸化還元や物質の構造に関する問題
大問2…溶液や気体の化学平衡に関する問題
大問3…有機化学に関する問題
大問4…高分子化合物に関する問題

が例年のパターンです。

計算問題や有機化学のパズルは一見論証と関わりなさそうですが、立式導出過程を問題文から理解するということが必要になってくるので、丸暗記が習慣になっている人は苦戦を強いられます。

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【暗記の心得3カ条】

駿台化学科の石川正明先生は、
「論理性」
「意味性」
「感動性」
を大切に理解暗記していきましょう、と指導されています。

「論理性」
何故そうなるのかを説明できると、自信をもって理解暗記できます。
(例)
過マンガン酸イオンが、酸性溶液中で酸化剤としてはたらく半反応式
MnO4(-)   8•H( )   5•e(-) → Mn(2 )   4•H2O
これは何故このような式になるのか、自分なりにわかりやすく説明できるようになっている人の方が自信を持って暗記できます。
教科書と化学図録を用いて詳しく調べながら学習を進めると良いです。

「意味性」
それを理解すると何が得られるのかを知ると、理解暗記する意欲が増します。
例)
ステアリン酸×3とグリセリンから成る油脂は分子量890で、これを覚えておけば高分子化合物の分子量絡みの計算が速くなる。

「感動性」
面白い、すごい、ひどい、と心動くことで暗記しやすくなります。
例)
「水兵リーベ僕の船…」に代表されるような語呂合わせ。


－－－－－－－－－－－－
【人に教えて理解を深める】

重要問題集で自分が出来た問題でも、誰かにわかりやすく解説することは出来ますか？
「論理性」「意味性」「感動性」を意識して、人に教えてみてください。
これは僕が実践してきた化学勉強法です。
友達同士で質問し合いっこしましょう。
特に模試の復習でこれをやると効果的です。

－－－－－－－－－－－－

【まとめ】

問題集 教科書 図録で演習。
人と教えあいっこで理解を深める。
京大相手に丸暗記では太刀打ちできない。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=N4CIgToYQyexXvRbQ5Rc","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"ほんとに化学がヤバい😭"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",9,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"5/10 7:51"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"数学、国語、化学基礎、は今からでも基礎からやり直して間に合うか？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"簡単な順に回答させていただきます\n【国語】\n現代文がそこまで苦手でなければ大丈夫です。現代文は点数が伸びにくいですが、古典漢文は本当にすぐに点数が伸ばせます。まずは両方とも文法、単語をきっちり覚えつつ読解の練習をすれば１ヶ月で八割ほど到達できます。\n【化学基礎】\n言葉の暗記や簡単な計算を確実に出来るようになりましょう。酸化還元や中和滴定など溶けるようになれば勿論良いのですが時間が無いのでそれ以外のところで得点する、また酸化還元反応式だけ覚えて計算以外で点をとることをおすすめします。そこまでむずかしいことはやらないので早急に立て直せます。\n【数学】\nこちらがかなりの鬼門です。基礎が全くできていない状態で全範囲をやり直すのはかなり難しいです。なので単元を絞る（2次でも頻出の確率やベクトルなど）ことで共通テストでも2次でも点数が取れるようになるというのが理想だと思います。\n数学の比率をかなり多くして他の科目も立て直すことを目指しましょう。勉強時間を増やして頑張れば何とかなります。頑張りましょう！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"化学が苦手な人が今から偏差値"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは\n\nあなたのお持ちの参考書を私は持っていませんでしたが、解法の焦点を書かれた先生の別の参考書を持っていて、非常に良かったので、解法の焦点はお勧めできると思います。\n\n無機・有機化学は覚えることが多いので、無機化学を今から少しずつ覚えていくことを強くお勧めします。その上で、夏までは理論化学をメインに、夏〜秋は有機化学をメインに学習していくのはどうでしょうか。\n\nまず、化学基礎の、物質量については理解できているのでしょうか。高校化学において、物質量について理解できていないと、ほとんどできません。ですので、物質量について、まだ理解ができていないようであれば、そこから始める必要があります。\n\nあなたの理解度がどのくらいなのかわからないのが正直なところなので、月ごとに何をすればいいのか？という質問には少々答えにくいのですが、、、\n\n５月：物質の構造の単元をマスターする（物質の構成、化学結合、結晶、物質量、化学反応の量的関係）\n６月初旬〜中旬：物質の状態の単元をマスターする（物質の状態変化、気体・溶液の性質）\n6月下旬〜７月中旬：物質の変化の単元をマスターする（化学反応と熱、化学平衡、酸・塩基、酸化還元）\n〜８月初旬：５〜７月の単元の復習・演習、無機化学を仕上げる\n８月中旬〜10月初旬：有機化学をマスターする（高分子化合物を除く）\n〜10月末：高分子化合物をマスターする\n11月：有機化学（高分子化合物含む）の演習・復習\n12月：共通テスト演習\n1月中旬：共通テスト本番\n（共通テスト後〜：2次試験対策）\n\nって感じですかね（もちろんあなたが現時点で、どれくらい理解しているのかにもよりますが）"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"化学はどこまで暗記すべきか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"阪大の二次に太刀打ちできる、とはどの程度の意味ですか？阪大の二次で8割取れれば太刀打ちできるということなのでしょうか？\n化学以外の科目に手ごたえを感じているなら、あまり深刻にならなくてもよいと思います。\nあなたがどこの学部に行きたいのかわかりませんが、例えば工学部なら、センター350、二次650という配点です。合格最低点を調べると600前後です。仮にセンターで8割取れれば、二次では半分取らなくても合格できます。物理が得意で化学が苦手なら、極端に言えば、物理満点、化学0点でも理科としては半分取れてるので合格するわけです。\nしたがって少なくともセンターレベルまで覚えておけばいいのではないでしょうか。センター試験はかなり多くの人が受けるので、書店などに行けば、どの程度覚えればセンターで高得点が取れるかが書いてある、薄い問題集等は売っていると思いますし、覚え方などもいろいろ書いてあると思います。\n苦手なら苦手なりの戦い方があります。あまり深刻にならずに合格目指して頑張って下さい。\n蛇足かもですが、個人的には化学反応式を書いた方が、化学式からある程度生成物を予想できるので、暗記量が減っておススメです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"中和滴定に電離度がなぜ関係ないのか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"それは確かに私も不思議に思っていました。\n\n私は化学の専門家ではないので、あくまで一つの考え方として見て下さい。詳しいことは、化学の先生などにうかがったほうがいいと思います。\n\n後々習うとは思いますが、物質は電離するとき、電離平衡というバランスをとります。たとえばアンモニアでは、\nNH3 H2O ⇌NH4  OH-\nとなります。\n矢印が両方向にあることからも分かると思いますが、反応は右にも左にも進みます。NH3とNH4 ,OH-の濃度の比が一定になるように反応が起こります。\n\n塩酸を加えると、H とOH-が反応して、H2Oが生成します。すると、OH-の濃度は減少するわけです。そうなると先ほどの電離式の左右の比が崩れてしまうため、それを補うように反応が右に進みます。すると、アンモニアがさらに電離します。\nこれが続いていくと、アンモニアは続々と電離していき、最終的には全て電離することになります。\n\nこう考えると、少し納得がいく気がします。\n\nちなみに、電離度というのは、先ほどの電離式のそれぞれの濃度の比から導き出された値になります。高3になると、その算出の仕方も学ぶと思いますので、楽しみにしておいて下さい。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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