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1c:T17f0,私は今国語の塾講師をやっています。中学、現役の頃にはあんなにできなかった国語を。ただ、ある時、気付きのターニングポイントが自分にはあって、それからみるみる成績が上がっていきました。

今も講師をやっていて思うのですが。
私たちはやたらめったら「解ける」ことに主眼を置きがちです。他の科目の性質である“得点”を意識しがちです。

しかし、国語は読書となんら変わりのない教科です。そして読書には得点は絡みません。

つまり私が言いたいのは、解くことを一回やめてほしいということです。

国語という教科は第１関門に「読む」があり、第２関門に「解く」があります。すなわち、読めないと解けないようにできてるし、問題作成者も読めないような所にフォーカスを当てて設問を練ります。我々の読解力で読み解けるレベルに応じ、得点が出るように適宜問題の難度を並び替えつつ。全部同じレベルの問題を出してしまうと、しっかりとしたデータ集積がてきないので。

そして、ある程度意義がわかったところで本題に移ります。

文章は英語と同様、小さな単位から大きな単位まであります。語→文→段落→意味段落→文章の順に。しかしながら我々は日本語であるという理由だけに、英語は下から学習していくのに対し、国語はいきなり文章に飛びついてしまいます。

まずは、語から考えます。大学入試レベルともなると語彙力は高校入試よりはるかに上回ります。そこで概念などを一通り学べるよう、単語集を英語と同様にやっていきます。
・現代文キーワード読解[改訂版]
・ことばはちからダ!現代文キーワード―入試現代文最重要キーワード20 (河合塾SERIES)
・入試漢字マスター1800+ (河合塾シリーズ)
と言ったものがオススメです。ちなみに、漢字も入れてありますがキーワードと漢字の参考書１冊ずつ完璧にするのが理想です。漢字問題集は漢字の設問を解くだけでなく、文章中に出てくる語彙の対策にもなるので甘くみてはいけません。

ここまでで、語は制覇できました。第１段階です。
第２段階として、今度は語が集まってできた文、文が集まってできた段落、段落が集まってできた文章へとフォーカスしていきます。
文と文、段落と段落については
・田村のやさしく語る現代文―代々木ゼミ方式
・現代文と格闘する (河合塾シリーズ)
と言ったものがオススメです。多分、こうやって言うと「解かないって言ってたやん！」とかツッコミ受けそうなのですが、この二冊は基本的に解くことに主眼を置かれてなく、読めているかどうかのチェックの問題がついてるだけで、実際の入試では到底出ないような問題です。

ここまでであらかた完了しているのですが、さらに文章読解を深めていくために、段落と段落の関係、さらには段落が集まってできた意味段落と意味段落同士の関係をより明確にできるような力の養成に入ります。
・高校生のための現代思想ベーシック ちくま評論入門 改訂版 (高校生のための現代文アンソロジー・シリーズ)
・高校生のための現代文ガイダンス ちくま評論文の読み方 (教科書関連)
この二冊は完璧に入試問題がついていません。読むためチェックはありますが。
ただこの二冊は聖光学院という東大輩出率の高い高校が夏休み課題として採用しているもので、東大出身者に定評のあるものです。
この２つで文章というものにダイレクトに向き合い、１つの文章を分析する力を養い、かつコンパクト化できるようにします。
結局のところ、現代文ができるというのは、文章を一読し、流れを理解しつつ内容をコンパクト化し、その上で設問に取り組めるということです。
この参考書では文章を読んでその流れを自分で予備校の先生みたいにチャート化できるよう努めてください。

そして、仕上げとして
・現代文読解力の開発講座 (駿台受験シリーズ)
で自分で実際に文章の流れを把握し、コンパクト化できているかチェックしてみてください。

ここまでくれば読みはオーケーです。そしたら遂に解く領域に入ります。もちろん過去問でも構いません。ただ導入としてオススメなのが
・現代文私大対策プラクティス―設問から攻める! (駿台受験シリーズ)
です。一通りの私大の現代文を体感するのにぴったりです。あとは
・入試現代文へのアクセス 基本編 (河合塾シリーズ)
も解説が丁寧なのでおススメです。

国公立の問題が入っているような参考書もあるかと思いますが、記述で書けないのに選択肢で選べるわけないので。
記述で解答を考える際にポイントとなるものを多く含んでいる選択肢が正解なわけで。
ちなみに消去法なんかずっとやってたらいつまでたっても伸びませんよ。

すごいでしょ？こんなに読みの参考書があったのに解きの参考書の量が圧倒的に少ないのは。でもそれだけ読みが重要だということです。
ここまでで多く語り尽くしたようにみえますが、実際はもっと語りたいことがあります。これ以上長くしても見る気を削ぐだけなので。とりまえず自分でできるように方向性は示せたと思います。

ぜひ頑張ってください。

1d:T136f,おはようございます。日々の勉強、おつかれさまです。
慶應義塾大学文学部のネギタコ焼きと申します。
よろしくお願いします。

今回は、①今後の対策　②過去問の復習の際に意識すべきことと具体的な復習法　について書いていきたいと思います。

①今後の対策
・今後どのように対策していくかは、質問者さんが過去問でどのような原因で点数にばらつきが生じてしまっているのかで変わってきます。
・例えば、解答根拠が曖昧な状態で選択肢を選んでしまっているならば、解き方・読み方を復習すべきですし、語彙がわからず手がかりが見つけられなかったなら、現代文単語帳を見直すべきです。
・つまり、なぜ点数にばらつきが生じてしまうのか、その原因を分析し、特定するところから始めていただきたいということです。
・原因がわからないと、次につながらず自分に合った問題の際には点数が取れるけど、そうでないときは…となってしまい、質問者さんの悩みは根本的に解決されません。
→その意味で、原因分析は非常に重要な作業です。
・原因分析のコツとしては、正しい論理に基づくプロセスを意識することです。
・現代文に限らず、読解系の解法には以下のような正しい論理に基づくプロセスが存在します。
①問題の理解《問題で何が問われているのかを把握》
②解決の手がかり・糸口を探す《①をスタートとして着眼点を探す》
③解答根拠の発見と決定
④解答
→記述問題ならば、問題の要求に合わせた解答を③をもとに作成。
→記号問題ならば、解答根拠と選択肢を丁寧に照合し、解答を選択。
・漢字や語句知識以外の問題の間違いの原因は、ほぼ全て上記のプロセスのどこかに内在しています。
・早稲田の場合、当然②→③に原因があることが多いですが、④の選択肢と解答根拠の照合が原因であることも少なくないです。
・原因分析ができたら、その原因に見合った対策をしていきましょう。
→例えば、問題理解から糸口を探す過程に原因があったとしたら、それは読み方・解き方の問題ですから、現代文と格闘するを復習するといった具合です。
・もし原因分析をしたけど、具体的な対策がわからないという場合は、個別に聞いていただければ、できる範囲でアドバイスします。

②過去問の復習の際に意識すべきこと、および具体的な復習法
・意識すべきことは、ズバリ上記の正しい論理に基づくプロセスです。これは、復習のときだけでなく、問題を解く際にも意識していただきたいです。
・間違えた問題や解答根拠が曖昧だった問題等の解説を読む際には、「どこに着目し、どこを根拠に答えを導き出したか」という視点を持つようにしてください。
→このことは、とりもなおさず、上記のプロセスを意識せよということです。
・この点を具体的な勉強法に落とし込むと、以下のようになります。
（a）いつもどおり問題を解く。
（b）答え合わせ
（c）間違えた問題や解答根拠が曖昧だった問題について、解説を上記の①〜④のプロセスに当てはめながら熟読。
（d）（c）の手順を行った問題を自分の言葉で解説する。
→自分の言葉で解説することで、正しい解き方を自分のものにできる。（←自分の言葉で解説するためには、解説をしっかり理解していなければならない。）
→同時に、わかったつもりを防げる。
（e）解けなかった問題の原因分析をする。
（f）原因に見合った対策を実行する。
・以上のように復習をすれば、正しい解き方・考え方が身につきますので、早稲田の問題でも得点率のばらつきも徐々に解消していくはずです。
・これは余談ですが、過去問は解説がしっかりしている駿台の青本又は角川の黄色本（今年は見かけませんが…）を使いましょう。プロセスをたどるためには、詳しい解説が不可欠なので。赤本しかないのなら仕方ないですが…
→このことは、過去問題集に限らず問題集についても同様です。

以上です。残り3か月、様々な不安と闘いながらの受験対策となり大変かとは思いますが、悔いの残らない受験になるように全力を出し切ってください。頑張って！
それでは失礼いたします。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=JgBJvWkBTqPwDZPuv8Sh","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"現代文の模試の点数を安定させる方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",21,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"3/27 12:55"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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になったらクリップしてね！\n個別相談に乗りたいところですが、あいにく今は少し取り込んでいるので。\nなるべく全体相談してください。"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L17",null,{"id":"adsbygoogle-init-under-advice"}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":["コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","$L18",null,{"adviceId":"JgBJvWkBTqPwDZPuv8Sh"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/6ltAm2MBp00JfyF5JOSI","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文の勉強の仕方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"スランプの対処"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"【某今でしょについて】\n\nその通りだと思います。\n現代文、英語は顕著だと思います。\n過去問で得点がキチンと取れるようになっていれば問題ありません。\n\n\n－－－－－－－－－－－\n\n【センター英語】\n\n文法問題は高校レベルだと消去法でしか解けないように設定している問題もあります。\nパッと見てパッと答えられる問題ではなく、「頭を使って考えろ！」というメッセージが明らかに込められています。\n過去問で文法ミスしたら、ネイティブに質問してみましょう。赤本や黒本の解説は大抵蛇足的な説明が多く、芯を捉えていないです。青本はまだマシって感じです。\n\n長文読解も同様で、消去法で考えさせることが多いです。\n全ての問題を積極法で解ける受験生がいたら、ヤバいと思います。。。\n\nあと、裏ワザ的な言い方を敢えてすると\n「センター英語は本文中に全く現れない単語を用いた選択肢が正解選択肢」です。\n大問6で顕著です。\n(リスニングもそうなっています)\n\nその他の選択肢は\n「因果関係がおかしい」\n「筆者の主張と異なる(言い過ぎパターン)」\n「目的と手段を取り違えている」\nということが多く、これらは本文中の単語を用いてそれっぽい選択肢に仕上げています。\n\n\n－－－－－－－－－－－\n\n【まとめ】\n\n模試の悪かったところは、覚えなければいけない事項を覚えるのに役立てる程度にしておきましょう。\n過去問が取れれば全然OKです。\n\nセンター英語は持っている知識を使って、さらに論理的に考えさせる試験です。\n消去法を使わざるを得ない、ということを知っておきましょう。\nネイティブに質問したら、一番納得のいく考え方が得られます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文演習"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"回答失礼します！\n現代文は基本的に予習型の科目であり、予習の段階で答えを導くプロセスと、参考書の解説の解き方のプロセスが一致しているか(一致しておらず、自分の解答に傷がある場合、自分に何が足りなかったのか)を確認する作業が演習です。つまり演習＝復習になっているのが適切な問題集の使い方だと思います。また、現代文は他教科に比べて覚えることが極端に少なく、1つの演習から学んだ技術の汎用性が高い教科です。ゆえにそれ以降はこれといって大それた復習する必要はなく、そこでの反省点を意識しながら次の新しい問題演習＝前の問題の復習に取り組むのが良いかと！\n\nただし、自分が特に読みずらかった、解きづらかった、大きく逸れた解答を作ってしまった問題に関しては、付箋を貼っとくなどして、問題を忘れてしまった頃にとき直す作業は絶対に必要です。\n\n例えばある問題文で、具体と抽象の意識が欠けていたために方向性がズレた解答を作ってしまったとして、その問題を忘れた頃に解き、今度はちゃんと具体と抽象の意識を持って読めたか、解けたかを確認するなど。\n\n\n長文失礼しました🙇‍♂️少しでも参考になれば！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"過去問の出来の差について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n\n現代文は受験科目の中でやはり少し運が絡んでしまう科目であると思います！しかし、少しでも事故るような点数を取ることを防ぐ対策はあると思います！それは、とにかく早稲田の過去問を解いて慣れていくことです！\n\n自分がどのように点数が取れるようになっていったかというととにかく早稲田の過去問を解いていったということです。早稲田の現代文には好きなテーマがあり（特にアイデンティティに関して）早稲田の色々な学部の問題を解くことで慣れていくことが非常に重要であると思います。\n\nまた、早稲田に受かりたいので有れば共通テストの点数や判定はあまり気にせず、とにかく早稲田の過去問を解けるようになることにフォーカスすることが大切であると思います！！！\n\nそして、早稲田の現代文の難易度ですがあくまで個人的な感想ですが（現代文の難易度で入りやすさではないです。）\nスポ科、国教→社学→商、人科→教育、文、文構→政経→法\n参考にしてみてください！！\n\n最後に自分が辿り着いた現代文の復習のやり方が以下のやり方です！是非参考にしてみてください！\n\n① まずは答えを見た上で解説を見ないでなぜこの答えになるのかの根拠を探す。（この①が非常に大切です。）\n\n② そこで探した根拠があっているか解説をみて照らし合わせる。\n\n③ 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文の勉強の仕方がそもそもわかりません"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文の復習はまず解答解説を熟読する。次にもう1度本文を読む。そして解きなおす。の3ステップです。多少時間はかかりますが、この3ステップを繰り返すと次第に文章の構造をつかめるようになります。\n目安は1時間くらいかけてもいいくらいです。慣れてきたら短くしましょう。私は大体以下のように時間をかけていましたが、受験直前は時間短縮で30分くらいで3ステップをやっていました。\n復習をしたら、さらに現代文を得意にするテクニックがあります。それがフロー図の作成です。これは評論、小説どちらでも活用できます。評論問題の場合はまずノートを2分割します。評論問題は文章構造が二項対立になっていて筆者が言いたいこととそうでないことの2つの軸に沿って展開されますので、それを段落ごとに順を追ってノートに書いていきます。\nここで重要なのができるだけ字は書かずに、矢印を使ったり、図を入れたりしてできるだけシンプルにまとめましょう。小説は分割する必要はないので登場人物の心情変化や場面背景を示しながら描いていきましょう。こうするとより文章の構造や心情変化に気づくことができます。\nこれで総仕上げです。原稿用紙やマス目のあるノートに文章要約をしてみましょう。要約は文章を200字以内でしてみましょう。この200字はちょうど文章をまとめやすい字数だと言われているので文章を簡潔にそして要点をまとめあげましょう。前段階のフロー図がきれいにできていると要約するのもかなり楽です。\nここまでできると相当深い理解につながります。ここまでしっかり復習できるとだんだん初見の問題でも要点や筆者の主張がわかるようになってきます。そうなると現代文の得点はぐんぐんあがっていきます。要約したものは学校の先生などに添削してもらうとよりいいです。\n一般的に現代文は力を伸ばすことが難しいと言われていますが、しっかりした方法で対策をすれば確実に得点力を鍛えることができます。現代文ができるようになるということは物事を論理的に考えたり、自分の思っていることを端的に伝えることができるようになることにもつながります。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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