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1d:I[3866,["51","static/chunks/795d4814-710d199cb1f51304.js","183","static/chunks/183-141f39fb5cb93742.js","23","static/chunks/app/advice/%5Bid%5D/page-26686d89cc5a4cf8.js"],"AdOnAdviceList3"] 19:T128a,結論、現状の偏差値や力がどれほどであれど、いつか壁にぶち当たることは間違いないと思われます。 ある英単語を英単語帳で見て、その単語が名詞か形容詞か副詞か動詞かその他の品詞か･･･ これらを判断するのは感覚でも大丈夫です。 ただし、その単語が文中に現れたとき、話は変わってきます。 その単語1つがどの単語を修飾し、どの様な働きを持ち、どのような文の構造を取っているのか･･･ これらが理解出来ないだけで、1文1文でどのフレーズが話題の中心になっているかを「論理的に」よみとることが出来なくなってしまいます。 単語に限った話ではありません。 副詞句、従属節、前置詞句･･･ 節や句という大きなまとまりになっても単語と似たような状況が発生するのは、恐らく質問者さんは既に理解していることかと思います。 これを正しく理解出来ていないと（単語よりもスケールが大きいので、より）文章を論理的に読むことができなくなってしまいます。 基礎となる文法が理解出来ていないと、倒置法や例外的な文法は絶対に正しく理解出来ません。 ここで言っている「論理的」という言葉が意味するのは、一つ一つの言葉がその位置に存在している理由を根拠を持って説明することです。 The development of a new digital marketing strategy is on the agenda for this afternoon’s meeting.　 (新しいデジタルマーケティングの戦略の立案が、今日の午後の会議の議題に上がっている) 上記の文章は、 ・第1文型ＳＶの構造 ⇒長い主語（主部）とbe動詞の構造/be動詞は名詞を補語（Ｃ、Ｓ＝Ｃの構造が完成する）に取れば第2文型、そうで無ければ（存在自体を表すbe動詞の働きであれば）第1文型であるため ・仮に、development 以外の選択肢（例えば、develop、develops、developed、developing等）があったとしても、冠詞(the/a/an)の直後に入りうるのは名詞が第1候補のため、それ以外の選択肢や似た意味を持つ名詞以外の品詞が入る可能性は非常に低い。（動名詞が入る可能性が高くなるのは、それを修飾する副詞が存在する場合⇒動詞が名詞化する動名詞であれば、修飾の際に形容詞では無く副詞をとるから） ・of以下が名詞”development”を詳しい内容を補う、修飾部分の終了の見分け方は動詞の直前である ・on the agenda（議題にあがる）、for this afternoon’s meeting（今日の午後の会議）は前置詞句としてまとめられる。Be動詞は自動詞と同じく、（補語は取るが）目的語は不要である 等々、1つの文だけでも軽くここまで説明が可能です。 なぜthisを用いるのか？afternoonに’sがつく理由は？等々、まだまだ語れる部分は残っています。 私は、英文学科に所属しているわけでもありませんし、英語に特別詳しい分けでも得意だった分けでもありません。 正直言って、受験生時代はここまで詳しく語ることが出来なかったかもしれませんが、このような意識は必ず二次試験で活きてきます（共通レベルでは問われませんが） 英作文や英文和訳・和文英訳のさいは、正す前の文構造が理解出来ないようであれば正しく文に書き起こすことは不可能です。難関私立では、この部分を狙った穴埋め問題が多数出題されます。 現状、質問者さんの意識は非常に素晴らしいです。 だからこそ、ここまで論理的に考えて解けるようになって欲しいと感じています。 英語を感覚で読まないよう、「英語の構文150」「TOEIC L&R TEST　出る問特急　金の文法」が非常にオススメです。 後者は高校生がやっている姿は1度も拝見したことはありませんが、私が使ってきた参考書の中で、最も構文や文構造、品詞に着目しつつも、解説がしっかりしている参考書に当たります。 ゆくゆく大学生になって勉強する必要がある可能性が高い参考書であるという理由も含め、是非検討してほしいです。 以上、参考にしていただければ幸いです！ （ちなみに例として用いた英文はTOEICの参考書の題1問目の問題から引用しました） 1a:Tc17,高校入試で日本史満点、すごいですね！大学入試の日本史は確かに覚える量が多くて大変かと思いますが、順序立てて勉強していけば必ず覚えられるはずです。 まず、早稲田の入試対策全般に関してですが、早稲田大学の入試は、英語と国語をできるようにすることがまずは先決です。そのため、夏までは英語力の底上げと古文漢文が出る学部でしたら、そこの分野の知識(古文単語、漢文句法)に抜けがないか確認しましょう。最後に、おすすめの参考書と取り組み方を載せておくので参考にしていただけると幸いです。 次に、本題である日本史ですが、私はいきなり単語を覚えるやり方はお勧めしません。歴史学習は、まず大まかな流れを教科書を通じて理解し、そこから具体的事例の暗記に移る方が、覚えた知識を体系化でき、忘れにくくなります。日本史の場合、近代以前は特に政治体制の変化と土地制度の変化に注目してみましょう。山川の新日本史が、これらの移り変わりを理解するのに効果的です。また、万が一これが読みにくい場合は、実況中継という参考書がお勧めです。ただ、この参考書は、細かな知識まで載っているため、無理に全部覚えようとするととても終わらなくなるので、毎日3章進める、といったように計画を立て、立ち止まることなくどんどん進めてください。これを夏前までに終わらせてください。もちろん、完璧にはできませんが、とりあえず全てやり切ることです。 夏に入ったら、東進の一問一答や、山川の日本史用語集を使って単語を覚えます。その際、各単語の説明を、夏以前に学習した日本史の流れと結びつけて覚えることを意識してください。暗記の際は、赤シートは使わない方がいいです。なぜなら、赤シートで隠してしまうと、その単語が見えなくなってしまい、視覚記憶に残りにくくなるからです。できるだけ目に焼き付けるようにしましょう。また夏休みは、英語や国語の学習も怠らないようにしてください。 夏に一通りやることが済んだら、秋からいよいよ過去問に取り組みます。その際、用語集にない単語を無理して覚える必要はありません。そんな単語は本番は誰も解けないからです。それよりも、基本的なところを外さないようにしましょう。 入試は基礎力が命です。欠けているところがあると気づいたら、躊躇わず基本に戻りましょう！ 最後に、英語と古漢のお勧め参考書を載せておきます。頑張ってください、応援してます‼️ ・基礎英文問題精講 ・ターゲット英熟語1000 ・マドンナ古文単語 ・漢文早覚え速答法1c:Te74,こんにちは。英単語の暗記には自信がありますので、やり方を載せます。 ⑴決めた範囲をざーッと1周、読み込む。この時の範囲は300〜500個ぐらいが良いと思います。単語帳ってだいたいが章ごとに分かれていると思いますが、それを目安にしても良いと思います。 このとき大事なことは2つあって、ただ読むだけではダメです。 ①単語と意味を心の中で唱えること ②考えながら読むこと (例えば、あの単語は別の単語に似てるな、語源が一緒なのだろうか…) (あの単語とあの単語は紛らわしいな、区別する方法を考えるか…) の2つです。 ※英単語は500個くらいの量を何十周も繰り返した方が50個ずつ確実に覚えて、次に進むを繰り返すより効率が良いそうです。通っていた塾で教えてもらいました。 ⑵ 2周目から各単語を覚えてるかどうかのチェックをする。このとき、思い出せなかった単語にチェックや付箋をつける。 ⑶ 3周目からはチェックをつけた間違えた単語だけに絞って見ていく。それを4・5周繰り返す。そうすると最終的に一部の本当に苦手な単語にチェックや付箋が何個もついたりするので、そこを集中的に潰す。 こんな感じです。暗記をする中で自分が気をつけていることは幾つかありまして、箇条書きしておきます。 ・付箋を使う場合は付けっぱなしにしない。 →いますよね、単語帳に大量の付箋が付いている人。これめっちゃ謎です。付箋って覚えていない箇所につけるものだと思っているので、大量に付箋がある＝全然覚えていない、ってことになると思うからです。 なので、しっかり付箋をつけた単語を集中的に覚え、覚えたら外しましょう。 ・1回だけで覚え切ろうとしない →「覚えたかどうか不安だ…」って人多いと思います。ですか、そもそも人間なので忘れるのが普通です。赤シートで隠して単語の意味を答えられたら、それで覚えてるとみなしていいと思います。 ではなぜ、受験を終えた大学生が未だに単語を覚えているか？それは長文を解く中で何度も同じ単語を見ているからです。何度も何度も長文を解くのでその中で頻出単語は確実に頭の中に定着します。 なので、受験生の皆さんも一回切りで確実に覚えようとせず、「これから過去問などを解いていく中でより確実に覚えていくんだ」と、ゆったりと構えてください。 ・自分のこれまでの知識と結びつける →恐らく暗記が得意な人はこれを頭の中で無意識にやっています。例えば「divine」って単語を私は初めて見たとき、真っ先に思いついたのがイナズマイレブンに出てくる必殺技の「ディバインアロー」です。この技は神を自称するキャラが使うので、divineの意味もするりと頭に入りました。(受験生の皆さんは世代ではないかもですね笑) 他にもslave(奴隷)とかですね。世界史においてスラブ人が奴隷とされていたことと無関係ではないようです。 このように、身近なことや他教科との繋がりに気づくだけで勉強が面白くなるかと思います。 以上、私が意識していることを書いてみました。少しでも役に立てれば幸いです！1e:Tcba,こんにちは！東工大一年のたまちゃんです！ 物理に関しては分野がわからないので、助言しにくいのですが、苦手な分野であったり、忘れやすい分野があるのであればそこを繰り返しやりましょう。 でも、基本的に物理は理解していれば忘れにくいです。熱力学を例に挙げると、定圧変化・定積変化・等温変化などはどうなるとかを覚えていなくても理解していれば何とかなります。ドップラー効果の式なども覚えなくても理解していれば導出可能です。覚えていた方が早いので出来れば覚えて欲しいですが… 例えば、f= の式の分母が観測者だったかな、音源だったかな、うろ覚えだなとなったら導出するのが良いと思います。 化学に関しては電気分解の式は自分で作れます。イオン化傾向がわかれば行けるはずです。反応式を書けという問題は出ないはずなので、反応式の細かいところがわからなくても、この金属に対して水素は〜mol発生しそうだなというのがわかれば良いので、電気分解の反応式は覚えなくて良いです。電池の問題は正極と負極(陽極と陰極)が何でてきているかを覚えていないと無理です。出来れば溶液も覚えて欲しいです。電池に関してはヒントがほとんど出ないので、覚えておいた方が良いです。 深い知識を得るにはやはり理解することだと思います。理解したことは忘れにくいですからね。逆に単純暗記のものは忘れやすいです。また、用語などは何度もやって覚えていくしかないですね。イオン化エネルギーの意味を説明できるかなど結構基本的なことを聞いてきたりもするので、基本用語の意味を覚えることも怠らずに頑張って下さい。また、引っかけもたまにありますので、注意深く読むことも必要です。 やってないところを忘れるのはみんな一緒ですので、そんなに深刻に考えなくても大丈夫です。 東工大の化学はほぼ全ての分野から出題されるので、直前に過去問をやりまくれば、しばらく触れていない分野もなくなると思います。それでも本番にど忘れしてしまうことはあると思います。私は本番でど忘れして一問落としました。ですが、そこで焦らず他の問題を冷静に解くことが大事です。結構そういったメンタル面も点数に関係すると思いますので。 あとは絶対に覚えるんだ！と思って覚えて下さい。単語帳をボーッと眺めても覚えられないように、ただなんとなくやっていると効率が悪いです。残り少ないので、今解いている問題を次いつ復習できるかわかりません。もしかしたら入試までもう見ないかもしれません。ですから、絶対に覚えてやるんだ！という気概を持って勉強して下さい。個人的にはこれが最も重要かなと思ってます。 長文失礼しました。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"記述における必要十分とは。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"常に必要十分な議論をしている場合は、必要十分条件は満たされたと必ずしも書く必要性はないです。\nしかし、先に必要条件だけを示し、その後十分条件を示すような証明の形をとっている場合には、十分条件を示した後に、必要十分条件は満たされたと書くことで明確な文章とすることができるため、書くことが望ましいと思われます。\n\n\n必要条件、十分条件、必要十分条件についてですが、必要十分条件は同じ。つまりイコールを指します。\n\n\n必要条件と十分条件は、\n\n「20歳以上は成人である」\n\nという命題について、「20歳以上は成人であるという条件を\"十分に満たす\"」といえます。したがって、十分条件を満たしています。\n一方で、18歳以上から成人であることから、「20歳以上であることは成人であるために\"必要\"である」とは言えません。したがって必要条件は満たしていません。\nしたがってこの命題は、十分条件は満たすが、必要条件を満たさない命題といえます。\n\n「18歳以上は成人である」というのが必要十分条件を満たした命題です。\n\nこのように文にして当てはめるとわかりやすいと思います。\nまた、「」で括った必要条件、十分条件の書き方はそのまま数学の記述において必要・十分条件の議論をする際にも使えます。\n\n頑張ってください\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"塾なしの小論文対策を教えてもらいたいです"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"回答致します。\n小論文の対策には法学や政治学の書籍は必須ではありません。寧ろ優先度は低いものだと思います。\nよく勘違いされてる方がいますが、小論文の意見の奇抜性や個性の詰まった意見を書こうとすることは小論文では殆ど求められていません。\n勿論個性溢れる小論文が書ければそれに越したことはありませんが、殆どの場合個性を追求するあまり小論文で最も要求されてる自分の意見の論証が破綻しています。\n受験生の中でも採点者に注目されるような意見をかける人はそう多くはありません。\n小論文ではどんなに意見がありきたりでも、誰が読んでもその通りだと思わせるような論証が最低条件です。実際自分が受験した小論文でも意見は自分でも単純なものだったと思います。それでも論証は誰でも納得させられるようなものになるように心がけました。\n論証が大切な小論文では採点してくる人の存在が大きいです。自分では説得力のある小論文が書けたと考えても、他人からすれば反論の余地があったりすることが多いです。様々な視点で自分の小論文を読んでもらうことが合格への近道です。\n新聞を読んで意見を書いているということなので、その意見を先生に見てもらったりしてもらったらどうでしょう？先生を上手く利用してください。\n最後におすすめの小論文参考書を伝えておきます。答案添削例から学ぶ 合格できる小論文 できない小論文\n質問者さんの役に立てればこの光栄です。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"世界史のあった勉強法が分からないです…"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"流れを確認しているとのことですが、その流れを自分で説明できるくらい理解してますか？？\n\nこれが一番大事だと思います。なぜなら、ただ読んでるだけでは、それは理解ではなく見てるだけです。\n具体的なやり方としては、教科書や資料集などの見開き1ページとか一単元を読んで、そのあと教科書を閉じて自分で説明できるようにするまで覚えることです。\n\nその覚え方も、最初に語句を覚えるのではなくて、まずパッと流れだけを読むこととこれが大事ですが、地図や資料集の写真などを見てイメージで覚えます。\n\n例えば、なになに条約などこで誰と誰が結んだものかというものも、ただ文字を見るのではなく、その国の形を書いてみる、条約の内容を自分で砕いた表現に直してみるなど、自分が覚えやすい表現やイラストに落とし込むのがオススメです。\n\n\nそしてその作業をするときに、一単元は何時間で覚えようなどと時間制限を設けて集中力を保つことも大切です！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 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