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ということをまずは覚えておきましょう。\n\n目的語とは、日本語で「〇〇を、〇〇に」にあたるもので、英語の動詞のほとんどは他動詞の意味を持つのでこの形に落とし込めます。\n\n例えば、「俺昨日食べたんだよね〜」と言われたとしましょう。すると、「何を？？」って気になると思います。この「何を」にあたるのが目的語です。「俺昨日ビッグマック15個食べたんだよね〜」といえば、「ビッグマック15個」が「食べる」という動詞の目的語になります。お分かりの通り、他動詞を使う場合は目的語がないと文の意味が完成しないんですよね。\n\n\n他方自動詞は目的語がいらないものです。be動詞とかに代表されますが、こちらは主にものの状態を表します。「空が青い」とか「あいつは幸せそうだなぁ」とか、「〇〇を、〇〇に」という訳が必要ない（=目的語がいらない）んです。\n\n\n稀に、自動詞他動詞どちらの意味にもなる動詞もあります。そういう時は後ろに目的語がきてるかどうかで判断して、その都度適切な訳を当ててください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英単語 自動詞と他動詞"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"　入試問題の点数に結びつくのは自動詞と他動詞の区別ができることでなく、\"英語を読める、書ける、聴ける、場合によっては話せる\"ことです。慶應の英語に自動詞他動詞の判断を求めるような問題はでません。これらに困難を感じないのなら別に気にすることはありません。\n\n　しかし、読む際にはまだ良いものの書く際には動詞の用法はしっかり覚えて置いた上で使えなければならず、誤ってはいけません。例えばapproachは基本的に他動詞であり自動詞ではないんだ、と覚えていないとapproach to tokyo\"東京に近づく\"なんて簡単に書いてしまいそうです（厳密には自動詞としても使えなくはなさそうなんですが、不適切なことに変わりはありません）。となると、自動詞他動詞の概念はやはり覚えるべきだという結論に達します。適切な言い方かは分かりませんが\n\n　　自動詞＝主語だけで完結する動作を表す\n　　他動詞＝主語が、第三者に影響を及ぼす動作を表す\n　　他動詞＝自動詞＋前置詞　　\n\nというのが私の持っている基本的な考えです。例はご自身で探してみて下さい。見分け方は簡単で、動詞の後ろに副詞以外の語があるかどうかです。といって理解できるかわかりませんが\n、、。\n　いづれにせよ自動詞他動詞の区別を誤りやすい語については単語帳やヴィンテージなどの文法書などにまとめてあることが多いので、ここは私は暗記しました。質問者様はまだ受験まで時間がありますので、今から地道に覚えていけばいづれ思い悩む事もなくなります。しばらくの辛抱です。また、副詞節、名詞節、形容詞的用法、、といった文法用語も一年生のうちに覚えてしまうと、文法書の説明について行きやすくなります。文法用語を覚えることが大事なのではありませんが、知っている方が結局勉強しやすいと私は思っています。是非頑張って下さい。健闘を祈ります。\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"動詞の語法について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"動詞の語法の勉強法について簡単にご回答させていただきます。\n\nまず、語法の知識を問う問題は、様々なパターンが考えられます。\n大きく、①文法・語法問題、②長文、と二つの出題形式があると思います。\nさらに具体的に、\n①↓\n・穴埋め形式で、動詞を埋める方式\n\n・並べ替え問題で、動詞の後の語順を問う方式\nEx. 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"助動詞の意味の使い分け"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"英語の専門家ではないのでこれは僕の意見ですが、本を読んでみることをお勧めします。つまり、英語に触れる量を全体的に増やしたほうがいいと言うことです。\n例えばmayという一つの助動詞をとっても、許可、譲歩、推量とかなんとか文法上の意味は多くあります。しかしそれらの意味は母語でない文法を学ぶため、構文解析のためには必要不可欠ですが、受験長文において文法的に助動詞の意味を分類することには僕はあまり価値を感じていません。むしろ、mayをそのままmayとして処理する能力、つまり英語自体に慣れて、あえて意味を言語化せずとも感覚的に文章を理解できるようになる能力の方が大事であると考えます。(ただし文法解析もなんかみんなやってるし意味はあるんだろうから疎かにはしてほしくないけど！)\nとりあえず英語の本、お勧めですよ。\n貴方の英語力は分かりませんが、僕はダレン・シャンとかハリーポッターとかリゼロとか英語で読んでました。日本語版を読んだことがあるものの方がお勧めです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"動詞の語法の覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして！\n\n動詞の語法ですが、最終的に頭にさえ入ればいいので絶対こうしないといけないというのはないです。むしろ人それぞれ合うやり方があるので色々試してみるといいかと思います。それが分からないから質問している！と思うかもしれませんが、｢覚え方｣よりも先に｢覚える内容｣について少し言及させてください。\n\n語法を覚えたいとのことですが、恐らく知らない単語がたくさん…と言うより知ってる単語に新たに知識を紐づけることに苦戦しているのかと思います。ただ全く新しい内容よりかはそういえば見た事・聞いた事あるような語法も割とあるかと思います。そういう時は新しく覚えるというより今まで見てきたものを整理する意識が大切です。\n\n結論から言うと、文型を意識するとかなりスッキリすると思います。\n例えば第四文型や第五文型をとる動詞はそこまで多くないので、まとめて覚えておく(調べれば色々出てくると思います)。\n第一文型(自動詞)と第三文型(他動詞)の両方をとる動詞もありますが、それも頻出分はまとめて覚えておく。また、自動詞の活用とと他動詞の活用で意味を分けて見るそれぞれで通ずるところが多いことがあります。\n\n最も大変なのが前置詞を伴う活用かと思います。\n多くの動詞には相性がいい前置詞があります。なので前置詞ごとではなく、各動詞が相性のいい前置詞を抑えておく方が効率的です。意外とそういうのは単語帳の隅に記載されてることが多いので、そういう所を中心にもう一周するのも手です。\n\nここで覚え方ですが、色々整理してみるとそこまで多くないと思います。書いた方が覚えられるなら書けばいいし、毎日目を通すだけで十分ならそれでいいと思います。僕自身ただ一覧リストを渡されると｢どう覚えたらいいんだ？｣とパニックになりますが、覚えるべきことが分かってからは早かったです。しきさんもまずはそれを意識してみると色々やり方が自ずと見えてくるかと思います。\n\n以上です。\n私なりの解釈で回答したので、聞きたいことと違う！と思った場合は申し訳ないです。また追加で質問していただければ対応します。\nそれでは勉強頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文助動詞の覚え方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"とにかく例文に触れることが1番です。\nしかし、持っている参考書だけでは例文が1つだけで足りないのではないでしょうか。\n\n\nかなりレベルを落として、基礎中の基礎レベルの市販の参考書をやりこんで、演習を積みましょう。\nとにかく、見る回数を増やすのです。\n\n\nまた、学校の教科書で扱われている文章も基本的な助動詞の活用が含まれており非常に有効です。しかし、答えや解説が授業でしか実施されず、全ての例文を扱うわけでもないので、やはり参考書を購入してとにかく見る回数を増やすべきだど思います。\n\n\n私は通塾していたので塾の参考書を使っており、参考書のオススメはできませんが、質問者さんと同じちょうどこの時期に本腰を入れ始め、春休み中には自信を持って基礎が完成したと言えるレベルにはなりました。\n\n\n参考書をやれば、助動詞だけでなく、頻出の助詞や動詞の活用も覚えられると思います。自分が思っている以上にレベルの低い参考書の方が効果的かと思います。\n\n\n参考にしてください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 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