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1c:Te63,余計な前置きは省いて要点だけ書きます。

タイトル問題は、選択肢のどれもが本文に書いてある内容の場合がほとんどです。つまり、大抵どの選択肢も本文で述べられた「事実」であるのです。その上で、どの選択肢が『最も』文全体を表す言葉として適切かを見抜きます。客観的かつ俯瞰的に見てください。挙げられている選択肢はどれも事実です。しかしタイトルとして機能するのは一つだけです。コツは、抽象的な言葉を使っている選択肢を選ぶことです。

要点問題に関しては、これが内容一致問題と同義であることを前提にお話します。話は単純です。読み進めると同時に本文に端的な下線を引きましょう。下線の形態は複数に分けるのではなく寧ろ一つにした方がいいです。つまり、波線を引いたり四角で括ったりして多種多様のマーカーを印すのではなく、要点に下線だけを引くというのが望ましいということです。その上で、どこに下線を引くべきかをお話します。

通常、内容一致問題とは問題の最後の部分に出題されますが、そこで聞かれる内容は大体以下の通りです。

時系列
主観的表現
一般事例
原因と結果
過程順序
類似点と相違点
部類分け

内容一致問題を解く上で重要と考えられる上記の七つの表現は基本的に下線を引いておきましょう。大抵、聞かれるのはここら辺です。注意は、これらの全ての表現にマークはしないことです。例えば、問題を解く上で全く重要と考えられない原因と結果を表す文に下線を引いても意味はありません。全てのbecauseにチェックしてもなんも価値もないということです。飽くまで内容一致問題で聞かれるのではないかと思った箇所に下線を引くべきです。コツは、一つの長文で10～15程度に抑えることです。

推論問題とは、例えば「What can be inferred from the underlined part A?｣というような問題のことを言っているのでしょうか。そのつもりでお話します。端的に言うと、この問題の前の部分の内容が正確に読めていません。このような問題は、英語の能力というよりも寧ろ国語のそれに依存すると思います。筆者が何を言いたいかを文字通り「推論」することが求められます。これに関してはコツも何もありません。あなたがどれほど論理的に文章を読むことができるかに強く依ります。とは言っても、質問に挙げられた三つの問題点としては最も難しいと思います。日本語でなく英語で読まなければいけないということも難しい要因の一つです。どうしてもコツを知りたいというのなら、それは「分からなかったら迷いなく捨てろ」ということです。時間を掛けないことが唯一のコツです。しかし、論理性をもって読めば解けるはずです。「論理」を意識して推論して見てください。それでも無理なら適当に選択肢を選びましょう。


以上の通りですが、上記の意見は飽くまで一個人のそれです。有益と考えたものに限り採用するのがいいでしょう。因みに、私も質問者さんと同様に早稲商が第一志望でしたよ。残りの一週間ぜひ悔いのないよう頑張ってください。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"文法について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",3,") コメント(",3,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"2/4 19:54"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":null,"clientUserName":"みかん","infoString":"高卒 東京都 早稲田大学法学部(68)志望","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"〇〇しさえすればいい\n＝have to only to doは、間違いですか？\n＝only have to doと、have only to doは辞書ででてくるのですが。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_9B925ECFBA294DC78B0EFDBC45F2B70D.jpg?alt=media&token=82556e5d-5f6d-4fa4-94cc-183f1f07fb85","adviserName":"TR_","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学商学部","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"こんにちは！\n　\nonlyは副詞なためそれがなくても文が成立しないといけません！\nhave to only to do ではonly を除くとtoが連続してしまい文がおかしくなってしまうので違うかなと思います！"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_9B925ECFBA294DC78B0EFDBC45F2B70D.jpg?alt=media&token=82556e5d-5f6d-4fa4-94cc-183f1f07fb85","adviserName":"TR_","adviserDepartment":"早稲田大学商学部","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i","numberOfFan":575,"clipsAvg":12.280952380952382,"adviceRateAvg":4.654143963292229,"profile":"早稲田大学商学部に現役で合格しました！\nいつでもメッセージいただければ24時間以内に必ずご返信いたします！\nまた、回答が少しでも役に立ちましたらクリップしてくれると励みになります🙏🙇‍♂️\n\n以下持っている資格、点数です。\n英検準一級、TOEIC960"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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21:02"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"とてもわかりやすい解説ありがとうございます😭"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mr-2","children":["$","$L19",null,{"avatarUrl":null,"contributorName":"みかん","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-2","children":["$","$L1a",null,{"contributorName":"みかん","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption","children":"2/4 21:05"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"すみません、ではhave to only doでは大丈夫なのでしょうか。"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mr-2","children":["$","$L19",null,{"avatarUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_9B925ECFBA294DC78B0EFDBC45F2B70D.jpg?alt=media&token=82556e5d-5f6d-4fa4-94cc-183f1f07fb85","contributorName":"TR_","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-2","children":["$","$L1a",null,{"contributorName":"TR_","adviceId":"C1JfxH4BTqPwDZPuUS8i"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption","children":"2/8 12:45"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs whitespace-pre-wrap","children":"only have to doとhave only to doがやはり普通の表現かなと思います！少しそれだと違ったニュアンスになるかなと思います！"}]]}]]}]]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold","children":"よく一緒に読まれている人気の回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"divide-y","children":[["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"/advice/TFB6RXsBTqPwDZPukR-s","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英文解釈について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"英文解釈をやる意味がわからないということですね？\n\n2つ例文を出します。\n\n・Whatever goes through the mind of a human being and is altered by it is creative.\n\n・I think that that that that that boy wrote is wrong.\n\n前者は構文把握のプラチカからの引用、後者はネットとかでもよく使われる有名な文です。\n\n・それぞれ、何も見ないで\"何となく\"ではなく完璧な日本語訳ができる場合\n\n・早稲田の過去問を引っ張りだしてみてください。辞書有りで読み、解いてみて、\"内容をほぼ完璧に把握\"しつつ、満点に近い点が取れる場合\n\n以上の2つの場合、英文解釈をやらなくてもいいと思います。(私の経験上では、英文解釈の訓練を積まないと不可能だと思います)\n\nまた、早稲田商の英語は日本語訳問題が少しありますが、それぞれ何となく読めるだけの感覚的な訳出では容赦なく減点されます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 10c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs","children":["早稲田大学商学部"," 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"記述問題対策"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"まずはすべての基本となる文法、単語を完璧にしてください。 \n \n英作文にしても何にしても文法ができないと文を作ることができません。 \nそこの学習は大丈夫でしょうか？ \n \n次に和訳ですが、英文解釈をやると良いと思います！ \nお勧めは最終的にポレポレができるようになると良いです！ \n \n英作文は文法が完璧になると必然的にできるようになってきます。 \nそして種類は基本２種類ありますのでその対策は別々でやる必要があります。 \n \n・日本語を英訳する問題 \n・自分で英作文する問題 \n日本語からする場合は特別な言い回しなどは覚えているものを使えますが、わからない単語などある場合が多いのでその際はできるだけ簡単な言葉はないか？と考えてみましょう！ \nこれは過去問で例などがあるのでそれを参考にやってみましょう。 \n \n自分で考える英作文はまずは日本語で作文しなければ \n結局英語にもできないですよね。なのでまずあ日本語で課題文にこたえられるようにしておきましょう！ \n \n要約問題は国語で習得するのが手っ取り早いので国語で対策をしてください！ "}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英語文法について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"しょたろさん、はじめまして！\n\n\n2冊目の参考書は不要だと思います。一つの参考書では乗っていないことも確かに多くありますが、二つ目をやったからと言って全てを網羅できるわけではないですし、時間もかなりかかるので今の時期からでは効率が悪くなってしまうかもしれません。\n\nそれよりかは、過去問や模試の問題などで分からなかったり、参考書になかった文法の問題を一つのノートにまとめておくようにしておくのがオススメです！\n\nその方が今の参考書にないものだけをまとめたノートができるので、後からテストの前日なんかに見返す際も効率がよく便利です。\n\n私の場合は英語だと、文法ノート、イディオムノート、単語ノートを作っていました！\n\n\n参考になれば幸いです☺️\n応援してます！無理のない範囲で頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英作文について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"　こんにちは、tonaです。英作文は先生ごとに指導する方向性が変わるので、なんとも言えないところもありますが、早稲田大学法学部の一般受験での英作文を想定した上での私なりのアドバイスをします。\n\n　まず、ご質問の回答としては、①内容②構成③文法④語彙、が優先順位です。\n　英検の英作文だとしても、準一級の語彙をきちんと使えているかということをあまり気にする必要はないと思います。正直、意味がわかっているだけで、使い方をよく分かっていない単語を使うと文章に違和感が出ます。そうすると、結果的に他の要素での加点が見込みにくくなります。あと、英検は結構構成をみている気がします。問題で「理由を何個か書いて」みたいな指示があるはずなので、そういったものに使える全体の構成の型があり、調べたら出てきます。なので、基本的には内容と構成を意識しつつ、文法でのミスを極力なくし(または、何となくこうだったかな？と言う怪しい状態のものを書かず、絶対に間違えていないと言うものを書き)、あとは細々綴りなどのミスを減らすことを考えるようにしましょう。\n\n　そして、これは他の英作文にも使える考え方です。基本的には内容が大切で、それを的確に伝えるために、構成を良くして、文法のミスを減らすわけです。文法問題としてできるものでも、書くとなると別物です。今後を考えると、使える表現を増やす勉強をするのも良いかと思います。\n\n　この回答がたわしさんの疑問に答えられていれば幸いです。他に聞きたいことがあれば、コメントにお書きください。英検準一級合格頑張ってください！\n\n　"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"すべて選びなさい問題"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\n現在東京大学理科二類に通っています。ホルムンクスと申します。私も東大を生物で受験しましたので、質問者様と同じ悩みを経験したことがあります。ここではどのようにしてそれを乗り越えたかをお伝えさせて頂きたいと思います。よろしくお願いいたします。\n\nまず、そもそも複数選択するタイプの問題の一般的な対処法についてです。ここでの鉄則が、｢合っているか微妙な選択肢は選ばない｣というものです。恐らく本番の試験や模試では、答えには含まれない余分な選択肢を選択してしまうとそれだけで減点されてしまいます。（そうでなければ全ての選択肢を選べば満点をとれてしまう）そうするとせっかく正しく選べた選択肢の点数が無駄になってしまいます。なので、この手の問題では確実な選択肢だけを選び、失点を最小限に抑えましょう。\n\n次に、主に生物についてこのタイプの問題の対策についてお伝えします。東大の本試験や冠模試では、選択系の知識問題は大問題の1番初めの問題で聞かれることが多い得点源であり、その上この問題の出来によってその後の問題を解く際のメンタルにも影響するため、必ず正解したい問題です。しかしここではかなり細かい知識を要します。その対策としましては、やはり地道に知識の穴を無くしていくことです。例えば模試の過去問で類題を解いてみて、間違っている選択肢を正しく訂正できるようになることを目指しましょう。また、その範囲の資料集や教科書を読み込んで知らなかった知識をノートにまとめ、後から定期的に復習するなどすることで、知識を少しづつ固めて行くことをオススメします。\nつまり、「問題で出てくる度に復習」することを意識することで、たくさんの問題演習を積めばこの種の問題できちんと正解へたどり着けるようになると思います。\n\nちなみに、小手先のアドバイスとして、｢全く～ない｣や、「全て～する」などと言い切っている選択肢は間違っていることが多いです。（あくまで傾向ですが）\n\n以上が複数選択問題への向き合い方と対策になります。繰り返しになりますが、やはり知識は地道な繰り返しによって身につくものだと思います。大変な道のりになるかもしれませんが、影ながら応援しています。頑張ってください💪"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"論理構造が掴めない"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"パラリーですがいらないですね。\nそもそもなんですが、パラグラフリーディングてのは英語に存在しないというか、パラグラフライティングなら存在するんですよ。ネイティブの人は必ず習います。だから、それを踏まえてのものなんですが、大学の教授もそんなこと知ってるので小手先のパラグラフリーディングは詰みます。入試の場合は切り取られてたり、短くしたりしてるので、あんまり使えないです。\n\n要約できなくてもいいですよ。ある研究によると、要約ってむちゃくちゃ難易度高い作業なので、普通できないのが当たり前らしいです。\n\n一応知っとくと便利な論理構造はここに載せときますね。英語で論文書く際は必ず使うものです。\n\n①メインアイデアファースト\n言いたいことを先に言うのが英語の鉄則です。ここから、入試では一段落に言いたいことを持ってくる可能性高い。\n②構成\n僕が今習ってる英語論文の書き方ですが、、、\nⅠ 1一般論\n  2私の意見　メインアイデア！\nⅡ 1具体①\n   2具体②  bodyと呼ばれる支持文です。\n   3具体③\n　　以降もあるかも\nⅣ 1結論\n\nあと一段落に言いたいことは一個でそれを膨らませます。\n\n③英語のとくちょー\n同じ単語の繰り返しを嫌うと聞いたことがあるかもしれませんが、同じような表現は何回も出てくんので、いや結局同じことじゃんて意外となります。\n\nこんな感じですけど、点が取れるなら内容わかってなくても大丈夫です。僕も哲学の時とかちんぷんかんでしたし、それでも点は取れましたので。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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