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1b:Td5e,理系ということで理系受験に絞って回答します

数学は公式が成り立つ原理原則が分かった上で、青チャート等の教科書傍用問題集を解けるようになることだと思います。この際、なぜその考え方になったのか？なぜその方法を使ったのか、ということをわかっておくべきです。
私は学校で使っていた「体系数学」というものをやっていました。必ずしもチャートである必要はないと思います
数3を本格的に学校で習い始める前に、1A2Bの基礎を固めておくとあとで楽です。
高3になると二次対策の論述の練習が本格的になるので、数学は早めに手を打つべき科目だと思います

理科は私は物化選択だったので生物はわかりません。
物理は、教科書に出てくる公式の導出と網羅系の問題集（セミナー、リードなど）が解ければ大丈夫だと思います
正直セミナー一冊で東大京大東工以外は対応できると思います。
化学は、考え方の奥にある「良いイメージ」を持つことが大切だと思います。良いイメージがもてたら、問題集はサクサク進みます。これもリードで十分です。
余談ですが、私はセミナーやリードがあまり好きではありませんでした。大量に並んでいる問題を解くのが作業になってしまって、理解するべきポイントとずれてきてしまっているように感じたからです。
質問者さんがもしそのようでしたら、予備校のテキストを使うことをお勧めします。予備校のテキストは様々な事項や考え方を1問の問題にぎゅっと詰め込んでいるものが多く、これを何周もすることで、セミナーを一周するよりは効果がある…かも知れないです。

英語は単語と文法です。終わったら和訳に手をつけてください。正直なところ長文も最後は下線部和訳の力がものを言うので、下線部和訳はめんどくさいけれどとても大切だと思います。また、もし志望大学が英作文を出すなら、英作文の参考書にも手をつけてください。私の出身高校の先生曰く、英作文の参考書は、大抵が同じような内容のものであるため、好きなものを一冊やれば大丈夫だそうです。学校で買ったもの、レイアウトが好きなものなどなんでもいいので手をつけてみてください。

センター国語は、私は現代文が物凄く苦手だったので何も言えません。すみません。
古文に関しては単語、助動詞、敬語がわかればセンターは怖くないです。
漢文は矩形と漢字の意味です。
それだけやったら、演習に移ればいいと思います。

センター社会は、私は少数派の倫理政治経済でしたので何も言えません。

この基礎が高2終わりまでに固まっていることが理想的ではありますが、全てを完璧に理解するというのはなかなかきついものがあると思います
だから、高3になってもわからないところは何回でも教科書に戻り、考え直して突き詰めていくことをお勧めします。

回答は以上です。1d:Tc0c,難関大を志望されているのであれば、高2のうちにしっかりと基礎を固めておくことをお勧めします。

各教科で、具体的に高2の終わりの時点で理想のレベルをお伝えしますね。

高2の終わりまでにそのレベルに持っていけるように、ご自身で計画を立てて努力していただければと思います。


【英語】
単語、熟語、文法を仕上げたい。これは最低限。
その後、精読に入れていれば理想。

単語・熟語→今持っている単語帳を完璧に覚える。

文法→文法事項がまとまった参考書(forest等)で内容を理解して、問題集(ネクステ等)でひたすら文法問題の演習を重ねる。

精読→上記の2つがある程度できてきたら入る。おすすめの参考書は英文解釈の技術100。文構造をきちんと分析して書き出した上で日本語訳してみる。


【数学】
まずは教科書レベルの基本的な問題が解けることが重要なので、授業の復習は継続する。その上で、教科書レベルの水準に達した分野は参考書(青チャート等)で何度も演習を重ねる。

数学ⅠA→おそらく学校の授業では大方終わっていると思うので、ひたすら演習を重ねたい。

数学ⅡB→基礎レベルの問題の理解ができている分野は参考書へ。他の科目との兼ね合いもあるので、基礎レベルの問題の理解で精一杯である時は、学校の授業の復習のみでも可。


【国語】
古文と漢文の基礎を固めておくのがノルマ。
現代文に関しては、授業の復習のみ。

現代文→基本的には学校の授業の復習で理解に努める。どのように文章を理解しているのか、文の内容を理解する方法を授業を通してつかんでいく。

古文→古文単語と文法を仕上げておく。古文単語については1冊しっかり覚えて、文法については品詞、意味、接続、活用形等をしっかり理解する。理想としては、1文をみて自分で正確に品詞分解できるレベル。

漢文→句法をしっかり覚える。その上で、古文と同様に1文の品詞分解をできるレベルに持っていきたい。


【社会】
高いレベルは求めないが、地理歴史に関してはある程度演習が重ねられると理想。

地理歴史→学校の授業の理解が前提。教科書レベルの問題集等で良いので演習量も確保しておきたい。

公民→授業の理解と復習のみ。


【理科】
おそらく基礎を2科目とることになるだろうが、こちらも社会同様に授業の理解と復習に努める。




各教科、このレベルまでは仕上げていただきたいです！
特に英語と数学は時間がかかりますので、ひたむきに努力していってくださいね！


何か質問等ありましたら、メッセージお願い致します！



1e:Tbd9,東北大学薬学部のヒロです。勉強における基礎とは何か、そして応用が解けるようになるためのアドバイスを教えます。参考になれば幸いです。

まず、問題を解くためには2段階の能力が必要で、一つ目は「知る」こと、そして二つ目は「使える」ことです。

一つ目の「知る」こととは、（当然ですが）教科書で公式や物質、単語について学ぶことであり、身につけることが必要な知識のことです。ただ、多くの人、というよりほぼ全員が勘違いしているのですが、「知る」ことは公式暗記や単語暗記ではありません。例えば簡単な例で言うと、二次方程式ax^2+bx+c=0を「完璧に」場合分けして答えられるか、英語で「3年がたった」を3通りで言えるか、酸化剤としての過マンガン酸カリウムの酸性条件と塩基性条件での変化とその理由など。もちろんこれらはほんの一例であり、すべての科目、すべての知識において前提条件や関連項目があります。

二つ目の「使える」こととは、実際に「知る」ことができた知識を使い、応用問題に対応できる力のことをいいます。どれだけ単語や公式を知っていたとしても、応用問題で「使える」ことができなければ意味がありません。「知る」段階で条件などを細かく学んだ人は、本当に「使える」人です。

「知る」ことは、公式や単語の丸暗記ではありません。受験生のほとんどは丸暗記することで「知る」ことができたと誤認して、いざ応用問題に手を出すと全く解けない状態に陥ります。逆に応用問題をすらすら解く受験生は、「知る」段階にて条件や公式の意味を本当の意味で「知る」人です。もしも先ほどの例を知らないのならば、そのかさんは本当に「知る」ことができていない状態です。でも、がっかりする必要はありません。今はまだ基本問題を解いているのであれば、今からでも遅くありません。使えないのに応用問題に手を出す方がよっぽど危険です。基本問題を解きながら、なぜこの公式なのか、他の答えだと不正解なのかなど、きちんと条件などを確認して、自信を持って「知る」ことができると言えるようになりましょう。

話をまとめると、基礎ができるとは、公式や単語を覚えることではなく、「使える」ようになるために「知る」ことなのです。それを意識して勉強していけば、必ず「使える」状態になります。大変かもしれませんが、本当の意味で「使える」状態になれば、周りの受験生とぶっちぎりの差が生まれます。受験勉強頑張ってください！応援しています！1f:Tef4,こんにちは。国公立を目指し勉強しているのですね。

二次が小論文オンリーならば、センターの勉強をするだけでいいので、その分集中できますね。
その偏差値がどの模試の結果かは分かりませんが、今はあまり気にせず、目の前のやるべきことをこなしていけばいいと思います。

さて、ご質問の国数英の勉強法についてですが、仮に全国偏差値が40であると仮定すると、まだ基礎が不十分であると思います。ですから、この冬から1,2年生で習ったことの復習を始めましょう。

数学は、センター8話となると黄チャートレベルを理解しきるくらいのレベルかと思います。これを購入し、解き進めていきましょう。詰まったら教科書とかチャートの解説部分で勉強し直してもう一度トライしてみてください。学校の先生に聞いてみるのでもいいでしょう。1周したら別の問題集に移るのではなく、2周目に入ってください。結構厚いですがこれを理解するだけで、センターは十分ですので、完璧にしてしまいましょう。

英語は、まず文法と単語を鍛えましょう。
センターレベルの単語ならターゲット1900で十分ですし、文法は今のレベルだとForestとかでしょうか。これらをまずは完璧にしましょう。単語は特に反復が大切ですから、日々取り組んで染み込ませていきましょう。一通り終わったら、難敵とされる長文読解のために、やっておきたい英語長文の300とかにトライしてもいいかもしれませんね（模試で長文の点が取れていないなど、つまづいてからでもいいかもですが
）。

国語は、評論、小説、古文、漢文の4つがありますが、このうち古文や漢文は勉強で点が伸びやすいと言われています。なぜなら覚えることが非常に少ないからです。
詳しい勉強法は、本アプリの古文漢文のタブに投稿された、ひこにーさんの「漢文古典」が参考になるかと思います。これを実践すれば、古文や漢文についてはもう大丈夫でしょう。

現代文は、本文を論理的に正しく読むことが必要となります。論理的に、というのは、こうだからこう言える、こう書いているからこうだ、というように、誰が見ても納得できるような筋道を立てることです。これは小論文を書くときも非常に重要なことですね。

よく最後の問題で聞かれる「この文章の内容として正しいものを選べ」というのがありますよね。
①はここが本文と真逆のことを言ってる、②は本文に書かれているが誇張しすぎだ、③は一見正しそうに見えるが、主張の趣旨が違う、というように納得できる理由を持って切り捨てたり選んだりする、これが論理的ということです。

文章には色々と肉付けがされていたり、抽象的だったりで戸惑うことも多いです。しかし、そういったものに惑わされず、この文章が何を言いたいのか、という本質の部分を見抜くことができれば、現代文で点が取れるようになります。

これにも問題集とか参考書があります。『きめる！センター現代文』とかは名前の通りセンター向けで、詳しい解き方とかも載っており、現代文を知るのに良いかと思います。


以上です。
まずは基礎を固めることが大事ですから、じっくりと1歩1歩進んでいきましょう。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=BOSl72cBTqPwDZPu1a5R","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"各科目の基礎について"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",10,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"12/27 21:31"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"ズバリ受験の｢基礎｣とは何か？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"たしかに明確な数値は必要ですよね(^_^;)\n\nこれは私の基準ですが、英語ならば2000語レベルの単語帳一冊を完璧にする、これは黒い派生語のところもです。とにかく完璧にします。文法はなにか参考書一冊を完璧にしてください。おすすめは文法・語法1000です。これが完璧になれば文法で怖いものはありません。これでセンター英語は8割はできれば基礎ができてると言えると思います。\n\n古文漢文は同じで古文単語帳を一冊完璧にし、次に文法を参考書を使って完璧にします。それが出来次第、問題集を少しずつ解いていきます。\n\n漢文は単語は良いので文法をしっかりやります。\nこの二つができてセンター古文漢文8割ぐらいに安定すれば充分です。センターは少し難しいので満点を狙う必要はないです。\n\n話が戻りますが英語の長文に関してはどんどん読んでもらって構いません。大体500から600字くらいの長文が丁度良いです。これは単語文法と同時進行で構いません。ここまでは基礎です。\n\n応用は過去問です。過去問を解くための力を今養うのです。読みづらい文章ですが以上です。夏頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"夏休みに向けて"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！ジョジョジョです\n\n今回は基礎固めについて書いていきます。\n少し綺麗事に聴こえてしまいますが、基礎を徹底的に固めるだけで偏差値70はいきます（河合記述）。しかしこのレベルまで固めるのは現役生には厳しいものがあります。したがって現実的な目標としては総合偏差値65を目指しましょう。\n\nではそれぞれの科目についてまとめていきます。\n\n①英語\n→英語は単語・文法の基礎レベルを固めて、解釈も最低限のレベルをできるようにしましょう。\n・単語：ターゲット、シスタン、速読英単語などの基礎レベルを完璧にしましょう。とはいっても100%完璧にするのは正直無理なので、95％の単語を一瞬で答えられるようになったら次の勉強に移りましょう。もし早慶を狙っているなら夏休みから速単上級かパス単準一級に入れると尚良しです（どちらを使うかは受ける学部次第）\n・文法：ネクステ、スクランブルなどを終わらせましょう、単語帳のように高速で回すのがコツです。完全に定着させるためにはランダム演習が一番です。夏休みに入ったらランダム演習を1冊終わらせましょう。\n・解釈：解釈については参考書を1冊終わらせるのが理想です。他の分野と比べて解釈で重要になるのが自分に合ったレベルの参考書をやることです、また文法を固めておくと解釈の理解は早いです。\n\n②数学\n→数学は解法暗記が夏までにできていれば十分です\n・数12は教科の繋がりが強いのでまとめてやることを勧めます。期間を決めて集中的にやりましょう。\n・数ABについては教科の繋がりが弱く、それぞれの分野が独立しています。なので整数・確率・数列・ベクトルなどを同様に期間を決めてやりましょう。\n\n③国語\n国語についてはセンター試験でしか使っていませんのでアドバイスは難しいです。すみません。\n\n最後に過去問研究は早ければ早いほどいいです。解けなくても数学や英語の頻出分野を理解しましょう、理解して勉強を進めるのとそうでないのとだと効率が変わっていきます。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"基礎ってなんですか？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"こんにちは！\nこうしんと申します！\n\n自分以外にもこの真理にたどり着いた人がいるとは思わずびっくりしました（笑）そうです、そうです、あなたの言う通りです。基礎なんて言葉、ただの虚言ですよ！\n\nでは、僕の持論ですが見解を述べますね。基礎レベルは、行きたい大学の過去問が解けるレベルの１段階下のレベル帯を指すと思っています。要するに、過去問が解けるのに必要な材料を持っている状態が（それを扱えるかどうかは別として）基礎をやり遂げた状態です。\n\nだから行きたい大学によっても、その人のレベルによっても、基礎というのは全く異なるレベルになります。基礎って言えば、なんとなーく上記の内容を示唆した気分になれるので多用されているのでしょう。\n\nさて、そのことを踏まえた上で、質問者様の立場での基礎を考えてみます。志望大学は早稲田大学のようなので、あまりレベルが分からないのですが、同列に比較される国立大学から推測するに、基礎レベルは「正しい解き方でセンター試験を確実に解ける」ということです。時間とかは関係なく、解けるかどうかに重点が置かれることに注意してください。また、「正しく」というのは正しい根拠を持った上で選択肢を選べているかどうかですね。おそらくそれは、日本史、国語、英語全てに言えることでしょう。\n\nこれが無理なく解ければおそらくは大丈夫です！過去問研究に移ってください。まだ見直す点があれば、センター試験を正しく解く方法を模索されると良いと思います。それが分からない時は再度質問していただければなと思います！頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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mb-1","children":"面白い疑問ではあると思いますが、今悩むべきことではないというのが率直な感想です。\n\nとりあえず基礎学力についての私の考えを述べておきます。\n過去問演習、というか問題を解くというのは、ものすごくざっくり言うと問題の理解→解法についての思考・指針の策定→記述、の流れで行うのですが、いわゆる基礎学力というのはこの1段階目の問題の理解に必要な知識のことを指すと私は考えています。例えば数学の図形問題で言えば、教科書レベルの知識（メネラウス、円周角、ベクトルの知識、、）がなければ前提になる情報が大幅に欠けることになります。\n英語で言えば構文解析、そもそもの語彙がなければ長文を読むことすらできません。\n\nこのように、問題を理解してある程度指針を立てるために必要な知識が「基礎学力」だと思います。ここがないと本来過去問演習で養いたいところである、\n・基礎知識から迅速に必要な知識を持ってくる力\n・指針をいくつか立て、最適なものを選択する力\n・記述を過不足なく行い、適切に行う力\n・自身の記述を見直して初歩的、論理的問わずミスに気づく力\nあたりを養うことまで辿り着くことができません。（かなり数学の想定なので他科目の場合色々変わる部分はあると思います）\n\nそういう意味で基礎学力は重要ですが、逆に言えば過去問演習を行うことで自身に欠けている基礎学力に気づくことができるとも言えます。\nいくら基礎を積み重ねても忘れていくことも多いですし、結局過去問演習をやらないと複雑な問題は解けるようになりませんから、どんどんやって行きましょう。\n\n結論を申しますと、基礎学力を高めるためにも過去問演習に取り組むべきです。\nその上で基礎が足りていない分野については参考書等に帰ってもう一度やり直して行き、足りている部分に関してはより高いレベルの鍛錬を積んでいけば良いかと思います。\n\n応援しています。第一志望目指して頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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