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19:Te28,こんにちは！

まず、物理の中で力学は習うことが少ない割にできるようになるのに1番時間がかかる分野なので、焦らず時間をかけて学ぶことが大事です。また、力学で身につけたことは他の分野にも活かせるので、今は力学をしっかり理解することに集中すればいいと思います。

物理は数学や化学に比べて演習量はそこまで必要ありませんが、その分一問一問を丁寧に演習し、解き終わった後も、もしこういう状況だったらどうなるのか、答えに含まれる文字を大きくしたり小さくしたりすると定性的な現象の理解につながるかなど様々な考察を自分のできる範囲ですることが重要です。例えば答えがMv/(m +M)となったら、M→∞のときはvになるなといった感じです。そのため、セミナーを一題一題じっくり進めいていく方針がいいと思います(半分くらい初見で解けるというのもレベル的にはちょうどいいと思います)。

次に力学に関して具体的なアドバイスをしようと思います。
物体に働く力を書くときは、物体と物体の間を少しあけて書くことをおすすめします。例えば、斜面上を滑る物体があったとき、物体と斜面の間を少しあけて書くと、斜面が物体をおす力(垂直抗力)と物体斜面を押す力の作用反作用の関係がよりわかりやすく捉えられると思います。また、運動方程式を立てるときは注目する物体に働く力のみを使うので、物体と物体の間をあけて力を書いていると注目する物体に働く力が一目でわかります。高校物理で出てくる力は重力と接触した物体間に働く力(垂直抗力、摩擦力、張力)くらいしかないので、後は作用反作用の法則を意識しながら物体間に間をあけて力を書くと運動方程式まで簡単にたてられるようになります。慣れないうちは注目する物体以外を車線などで書き、物体一つずつに力を書いていくのもいいかもしれません。

運動方程式が立てられるようになると、そこから物体の運動の様子がわかり問題も解きやすくなります。まずは運動方程式を難なく立てられるようにしましょう。力学的エネルギー保存や運動量保存も内力が働いているかどうかで使い分けますし、単振動や円運動もまずは運動方程式をたてるとこから始めるので、物体に働く力が書けて運動方程式が立てられるようになると他の単元も抵抗なく理解できるようになると思います。また、力学的エネルギー保存や運動量保存は物体の運動の途中の様子はわからないが、最初と最後の状態はわかるというときによく使います。セミナーでなんでここではこの法則を使うのだろうなど考えながら丁寧に演習をしていれば、いずれ自然とここではこの法則を使って式を立てるべきだということがわかるようになってくると思います。

物理はできるようになるのに時間がかかるかもしれませんが、出会った問題一題一題をよく考察し、色々考えながら演習すると必ずできるようになるので、最後まで諦めずに頑張ってください！
また何か不安なことがあれば気軽に質問してください！1b:Td74,慶應義塾大学理工学部の3年生です。
受験は物理だけを頼りに戦っていました。

　まず覚えた公式が自分の直感と照らし合わせて納得のいくものかどうかを考えてみてください。もしそうでなければその公式の正体が見えてくるまで考えまくってください。
　具体的には、公式をより簡単な自分の知ってる公式で表せられないかを考えてみてください。さらにこれにはどんなに時間をかけてもいいです。むしろここに物理の勉強時間の多くを割いて物理の世界観に入り込むことが大事です。

　今まで覚えてきた多くの公式が簡単な式の組み合わせであること、形を変えただけであることに気づいたらこっちのものです。だんだんと｢この公式はこれとこれですぐ導けるから覚えなくていいや｣となってきます。さらに、そうやって時間をかけて何回も考えているうちに、自分で公式を導く必要すらなくなります。それは今までは公式という小手先の対処法を与えられていただけだったのが、物理の根本を知ってしまうことでその対処法を当然のように考える力が付くからです。
　例えるならば、医療の現場で、｢この症状の時はこの治療法｣というように全ての症状に対して個別の道具と方法を覚え込んだ人は、いざ患者を前にした時に、｢どの道具でどのようにすればいんだっけ｣というように悩んでしまいます。さらに少しでも違った症状を見た時に対処できません。それに対して長年人の体について研究して熟知している人はどんな症状を見てもその根本の原因が分かるため、当然対処法もその場で考えることができます。
　自分も最初はこんないろんな公式覚えられるわけない、ましてやそれらを状況ごとに使い分けるのは無理だと思ってました。ただこれをやっているうちに最終的には、力学で言うと物体が動いているかそうでないかで、運動方程式を使うか力の釣り合いを使うかの2択を考えるだけでほとんどの問題を解けるようになりました。今までは一本の木にたくさんついている葉っぱからどれを使うか決めていたのが、それをつけている枝を選ぶようになり、最終的には2本の太い幹だけを見れば良くなるようなイメージです。

　自分は問題集を解こうとして解けなくて解説を聞いてよく分からず次の問題にいくという勉強にうんざりして、紙とペンだけでこのようなことばかりしていました。さらにある公式について腑に落ちたなと思ったら、それを使って身の回りの現象を例にして、具体的な重さや長さなどの数値を与えて考えてみたりしてました。

　下手な文章でごめんなさい。とにかく物理を小手先で解くのではなく、物理そのものを自分のものにするつもりで長い時間だらだらと物理について考えてみてください。どこかで新たな発見があって、考え方がガラリと変わることがあると思います。頑張ってください。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=ABdPhwewKpUuFWr6Spk8","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"物理が難しい"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",1,") コメント(",0,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"5/8 13:05"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_akkJkBzW5QZGOxlgwRdfZ6q4mFd2.jpg?alt=media&token=71563aa5-c265-472f-94ab-bb7f462927cd","clientUserName":"ACE","infoString":"高2 宮崎県 慶應義塾大学経済学部(68)志望","adviceId":"ABdPhwewKpUuFWr6Spk8"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"物理の変位や相対速度が分からなくて困っています作図などテストに出るので分かるようにしたいです勉強法など良ければ教えて貰えると助かります"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"kai3140","adviserDepartment":"名古屋大学医学部","adviceId":"ABdPhwewKpUuFWr6Spk8"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"こんばんは。\n\n変位は物体が移動した直線距離のことで、相対速度（Aから見たBの速度）はBはAと比べて、どれくらい速く/遅く運動しているかということです。\n\n物理は、テストに出る以前に、作図が重要になってきます。物体に働く力を正確に作図をすることで、正しい運動方程式が立式できる（厳密には作図なしで正しく運動方程式を立式できる方もいらっしゃいますが）というように、頭の中を整理するという点でも、作図は重要な役割をすると思います。\n\n作図ができるようになる勉強法としては、普段から図を描いて物理を学習するということだと思います。正しく作図をするには、注目する物体に働く力が全て見抜くことができる必要があります。どのような時に、どのような力が働くかは、教科書等で学習するのが良いと思います。それをご自身で整理することで、一覧表のようなものを作成し、初めのうちは、その作成した一覧表を見ながら、作図をしていくのがいいと思います。\n教科書レベルができるようになったら、駿台文庫の『理系標準問題集 物理』という問題集がオススメです。解説では、多くの問題で、力の作図が載っています。\n\n少しでも参考になれば幸いです。頑張ってください。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"kai3140","adviserDepartment":"名古屋大学医学部","adviceId":"ABdPhwewKpUuFWr6Spk8","numberOfFan":12,"clipsAvg":5.095238095238095,"adviceRateAvg":4.785714285714286,"profile":""}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink パンフレットバナー画像","className":"mt-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L17",null,{"id":"adsbygoogle-init-under-advice"}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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mb-1","children":"物理の問題は『図示』と『立式』がほぼ全てというのを念頭に置いてください。そしてこれらをマスターするにはある程度の練習が必要です。\n\n⏳物理の問題を解く時のフロー⏳\n❶問題理解\nまず最初に与えられた問題文を注意深く読み、何が求められているのかを把握する。質問や条件を見逃さないようにチェック！\n❷図示\n問題に応じて、状況をイメージしやすいような図を描く。質点や物体の位置、速度ベクトル、力の方向などを図示する。これにより問題の把握が容易になる。\n❸物理法則の選択\n力学の場合、ニュートンの運動方程式や運動エネルギーの保存、運動量保存などの法則がよく使われる。問題の状況に応じて適切な法則を選ぶ。\n❹立式と計算\n❸で成り立つ法則から未知数を解く。\n\nこれが全てです。\n質問で言ってくれた『摩擦』は❷の部分の図示が出来ないのか、❸の立式に落とし込めないのかによって変わりますし、『式の立て方』も❷〜❹どれが出来ていないかによって勉強すべき場所が変わります。\n\n”どこがわからないのかわからない状態”になってると思うので、❶から順番にできるように問題と解答をゆっくり読んで理解していくのがいいと思いますよ！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 2-2m0 10c2.7 0 5.8 1.29 6 2H6c.23-.72 3.31-2 6-2m0-12C9.79 4 8 5.79 8 8s1.79 4 4 4 4-1.79 4-4-1.79-4-4-4zm0 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"物理の勉強法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"初めまして。rockyyyと申します。\n物理では、覚えておくことが必要な公式と、自分で「ああ、確かにこうなるな」と理解しておく必要がある公式があります。しかし高校物理の範囲であれば、まずは公式とその使い方をある程度覚えて、問題を解くということを繰り返してその公式の意味を理解していくということをした方が良いと思います。なので結論としては、まずは公式とその使い方を覚えて、それで問題を解いていって理解を深めるということです。\n\n例えば、等加速度直線運動の公式であれば、速度を求める時にはこれ、距離を求めるときはこれを使うなどを覚えておくことから始めるということです。そうして問題を解いていると、間違えてしまうことがたくさんあると思います。その間違いが非常に重要です。「なぜこの時にはこの公式は使えないのか。」「この時にはこの公式で速度や距離を求めることができるのに、なぜこの状況では使うことができないのか」ということを考えることになると思います。それを考えて、またそれに加えて解説を読むことで、「あ、この物理現象において、この条件があったらこの公式は使えないんだ」とか「こういった力が働いているときはこうすることでこの公式を使うんだ」などの理解が物理において非常に重要です。そういった理解は実際に問題を解いていく中でわかっていくものなので、公式を覚えてたらそれを使う基本問題から応用問題まで解いてみることがお勧めです。そしてそれでわかったことをノートに目立つように書いておくとなお良いと思います。そうすることで次第に問題に対する解法が思いつくようになると思うのでよかったらぜひやってみてください。\n\nよって、結論としては物理で公式を理解(その公式の導出など)することはもちろん大切ですが、高校物理の範囲であれば、まずはその公式をどのように使うのかということを学ぶことが先決だと思います。そうすると次第に物理がわかってくるのではないかなと思います。公式によっては、高校物理の範囲では理解して導出することが難しいまたはできないものもありはするので、まず使ってみるという意識が大切ではないかなと思います。\n\n以上になります。拙い文章失礼しました。物理の各分野について僕が意識していたことやその勉強法についてまとめている投稿もあるので(物理苦手ですという投稿です。)、よかったら参考にしてみてください！受験応援しています！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"物理の学習法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"重要問題集と名門の森に取り組めば十分だと思います。\n後は過去問と模試の復習で弱点をつかみつつ、本番の試験の感覚を掴むといった具合でしょう。\n\n物理は\n①正しく図示して\n②正しく立式して\n③正しく計算する\nこれで上手くいきます。\n\n\n－－－－－－－－－\n\n【①について】\n\n多くの人が疎かにする部分です。\n物理の力はここにかかっていると過言ではありません。\n必ずどんなに簡単な問題でも最初は意識的に図示を丁寧にすることです。\n図示をすっ飛ばして解答する人がめちゃくちゃ多いですが、とんでもないです。\n\n\n－－－－－－－－－\n\n【②について】\n\n速度、変位の式\n運動方程式\nエネルギー保存則\n運動力保存則\netc...\n\n基本法則に従って、正負に気をつけて、スカラー量なのかベクトル量なのかに気をつけて、立式することです。\n\nこれも物理の力が試されていますが、前提として①が出来てなければ正確な立式など不可能です。\n\n\n【③について】\n\n③は数学の計算力と共通ですが、違うところが二つあると思っています。\n\n＊単位(ディメンション)が正しいかどうかを追いかける力\n→化学でも求められますね。\n\n＊省略可能な計算パターンを省略する力\n→覚えていたら思考段階を飛ばせるパターンが存在します。\n\n前者はとにかく意識して追いかけること。\n後者は数をこなすと身についてきますし、物理の先生はこういうの教えるのが好きな人が一定数います。\n\n\n－－－－－－－－－\n\n【まとめ】\n\n問題集は質問者様のやろうとしている2冊で十分。\n後は模試の復習、過去問。\nただし、①をキチンと意識的に取り組むこと。\n②と③は①と比べると、問題集を進めていく中で自然と身につくと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"問題状況を正確に出来るだけ早く把握してミスを防ぐにはどうすればよいか"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"東工大情報理工学院1年の者です。\n\n勉強お疲れさまです。\n\n東工大の物理は、記述式だし、後半の計算が重いし、なかなか大変だと思います。\n\nここから、計算ミスを無くすコツについて解説しようと思います。\n\nまず、持論ですが、なぜ計算ミスをするかの理由をご説明します。\n\nひとつの側面として、計算ミスは、自分の能力が、問題の方針を立てることが出来るくらいには高いが、問題の方針を立てつつ、計算ミスに気をつけることが出来るくらい脳のリソースを余らせることが出来ていないから発生するのです。\n\n2回目で高得点が取れるのは、一回目で方針を知っていて、計算ミスを対策するのに使う脳のリソースが余っているからです。\n\nですから、もう受験まで1ヶ月を切っていますが、ひたすら経験値を積み続けることが大切です。\n\n次に、即効性のある計算ミスを減らす方法をお伝えします。\n\nそれは、極端な例を考えることです。\n\n簡単な例で、2つの物体が衝突することを考えましょう。\n\n反発係数が絡むので、符号ミスが起きやすいと言えば起きやすい例だと思います。\n\n質量m_aの物体Aが速度vで移動していて、時刻t=0で質量m_bの物体Bに衝突したとしましょう。反発係数はeとします。この時の衝突後のAとBの速度を求めなさい。\n\nこの問題に対する答えは、分数になってここに書くのは難しいので省略しますが、例えばeを0にしたならば、物体AとBは同じ速度で運動しなければおかしいです。\n\nさらに、物体Bの質量を無限にしたら、物体Aは動かない壁と衝突した時と同じ挙動を示さなければおかしいです。\n\n物体Aの質量を無限にしたら、物体Aの速度は変わらないはずです。\n\nこのように、ある変数を極端な値にとったとき、解答が矛盾していないか考える事はかなり有効な手段です。\n\nこの手法は、物理に限らず、数学などでも有効です。\n\n以上になります。\n\nあと1ヶ月弱頑張ってください。貴方が後輩になる日を心待ちにしております。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"答案の再現性の高め方"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"電磁気が終わっているのかよくわかりませんが、本質的に物理の問題を理解するのにお勧めなのが、新物理入門という参考書か、東進の苑田先生の授業です。僕は前者で勉強しました。友達は後者をやったのですが、彼に参考書を見せたところやってることはほぼ同じっていってました。これらの共通点で他の参考書にないのは、微積分をつかうということです。\n\n東工大は東大京大並みに難しいといいますが、正直過去問をあまり見たことがないので、よくわかりませんが、少なくとも京大の入試は、微積分の理解があると、ただの数学の計算問題になります。ただ東工大はよくわからないので、あまりかきません。もし近似などの操作がよくでてくるのなら、また質問してください。この続きをかきます。\n\nまた、本質的な理解を助けるのに大事だと考えているのは、定義の確認です。例えば慣性力についてですが、いつ描くべきなのかとかを自信を持って答えられないとダメです。加速の方向の反対側にf=ma(aは加速度)という理解はまちがつてはいませんが、これは→a(aベクトルとします)が時間的に同じ方向なら直感的に理解しやすいですが、円運動など向きがかわるとき、もっと一般化した定義での理解が必要です。これは→aの定義を、座標系の移動するベクトルと定義することで、理解できます。(説明がとてもわかりづらいですが、新物理入門を読んだら必ずわかります。)\n\nですから、物理の勉強をするとき、出来るだけ公式を丸暗記しないというスタンスで学習すべきです。極端にいえばすべては→F=m→aから導出できるそうですが、これはやりすぎです。でも、覚える公式をすくなくすれば、必要な情報を取り出すときに本質的な理解を必要とします。そのために定義を学ぶことが必要です。新物理入門は教科書に公式として載っていることを詳しく導出しています。そしてこの時に微積を必要とするのです。\n\n数学で4倍角の公式を暗記することが馬鹿馬鹿しく、倍角あるいは加法定理からその場で導出することが好ましいことと同じように、物理を得意にするには暗記を減らすというスタンスで取り組むことが大事だと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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