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1b:T15a6,はじめまして！

英作文の勉強は実は結構難しいです。
というのも、そもそも解答の方向性は人によってバラバラなので、模範解答があまり役に立たないからです。英文和訳は書かれている内容の翻訳なので多少の差異はあれど方向性は同じです。何より日本語を書けとなっても母国語なので破綻することはないので意味を取ることに全集中できます。しかし英作文はまず問われている内容を理解して自分で文章を考え、それを破綻なく書き上げないといけない、などとやらなければいけない工程が多いです。

ではどう対策すればいいか、です。
まず第一に、単語、文法、構文を網羅する必要があります。たとえ素晴らしい内容がかけていても英語として破綻していたら点は入りません。これは英作文を対策する上でなくてはならないパートです。しかし英作文の参考書などではあまり十分に網羅していません(なぜならそれは英作文ではなく文法の参考書になるから)。なのでまずやるべきは単語、文法、構文の勉強です。
単語、文法、構文が一通り網羅できたら、英文を書き上げる練習です。これは自分で丸つけするよりも第三者に添削してもらうのが一番確実です。こたさんは浪人されているとのことで、この段階でいいと思います。予備校の先生にお願いして添削してもらうとよいです(大手予備校なら何かしらそういう制度があるはず)。
参考書・問題集は基本的にどれでもいいですが、ものによってはフレーズ集みたいなのが付属しているものもあります。｢こういう展開の時はこのフレーズが使える｣みたいなのは引き出しとして持っておくといざという時に便利なので、そういうのが充実しているものを選ぶのも手です。

とりあえず勉強法について説明してみました。
次は英作文をするにあたって個人的に気をつけていたことです。
京都大学は穴あきの英作文(英文の空白を自分で埋める)が出たので、前後の繋がりがおかしくならないかを意識しました。上で書いたように英語として破綻していないのは大前提ですが、それに意識がいって論理的に破綻していては意味がありません。慣れない時は日本語で内容を考えてからそれを英訳すればいいと思います。神戸大学はそういう問題は出ないと思いますが、ただ本当に自由に文章を作っていいという訳はなく、必ずテーマみたいなのが与えられるはずです。そこから外れない内容にするという意識は重要です。
神戸大学の英作文の出題意図に「自分の意見や考えを論理的に表現できるか」みたいなのがあったと思います。ただ世間一般で流布されている考えを書いても評価に値しないと言う意味にもとれますが、正直そこまで厳しく判断できません。むしろ逆手にとって、何かしらの問題提起に世間ではどういう意見があるのか知っておくと問題に出会った時に手が動くと思います。一番怖いのが、英文を書き上げる能力は鍛えても試験当日何を書けばいいのかわからず手が動かんかった、という状況です。試験科目で面接がある学部とかはニュースを日々見ておくという対策をしているという話もあります。最近だとテレビニュースよりもXの方がそういう情報が簡単かつ簡素に入手できます(もちろんそれに1日何時間もかけては意味ないですが)。
最後に、段落構成です。神戸大学は数十文字なので段落は作らない文量ですが、文章の組み立て方として知っておくと良いです。Yes or Noを問われている問題に対してはまず自分の意見がYesなのかNoなのかをまず書き、その次にその理由を展開します。よくカッコつけて結論を最後に持ってくる人がいますが、利き手への配慮に欠けるというので世間一般的にはあまり良くない印象です(実は就活でも一緒です)。よくある例だと、「世間一般ではこういう意見があるがあなたはどう思うか」に対して「私は賛成である。なぜなら〜」といった感じ。これはYes or No以外でも同じです。「〜に対してあなたはどう思うか」に対して「私はこう思う(一言くらい)。なぜなら〜」といった感じ。訓練して身につけるというより意識して書くと言った感じなので、日々の演習で結論を先に書くようにすれば自然と身につくと思います。ハイパートレーニング自由英作文を使っているとのことですが、大矢先生は英作文に定評のある方なので、もっと細かく具体的な書き方のコツみたいなのを紹介しているかもしれません。実際に解いて見なくとも、説明のページを目を通すだけでも勉強になると思います。

以上です。
何かもっと聞きたいなどあればコメントください。
それでは勉強頑張ってください！1d:Te45,英作文の勉強って明確な答えやゴールがないし、本番の採点基準も分からないのでどこまでやればいいか不安ですよね😭
その中で自分なりに工夫しようとしていて素晴らしいです✨

さてご質問の「別解まで書けるようにするべきかどうか」ですが、これはまさに「時間と効果のバランス」の問題です。

結論から言えば、『全部覚えられるなら強い。でも、時間は限られているから、ちゃんと取捨選択しよう』というのが現実的な落としどころです。


☆ 別解はどこまで扱うべき？

確かに、フレーズの別解がたくさん載っていると「これも書けるようにしないと…！」と焦ってしまいますよね。でも、全部覚えようとするのは効率が悪すぎますし、そこに時間をかけすぎて肝心のアウトプット演習が進まなくなったら本末転倒です。

おすすめはこうです：
	•	「自分の元の表現と似ているフレーズ」：覚えなくてOK
　⇒自分で書けるならそれで充分。それは「すでに自分の引き出しにある表現」です。
	•	「自分と全然違うけど、これは使えそう！」という表現：ぜひストックしておく
　⇒自分の表現の幅を広げてくれるフレーズは宝物です。


☆ 覚える・復習する工夫

ただし、「覚えないと決めたフレーズでも、せっかく参考書に載っていたなら、活用する」といいかもしれません。
そのときは 何度か音読するだけで十分。
歩きながら、電車に揺られながら…そういう「ながら時間」で、口に出しておくと、意外と記憶に残ります。
その記憶は本番、助けになるかもしれませんね！
ペンもノートもいらないので、負担も少なく始めるハードルも低いので続けやすいですよ！

さらにさらに英文の音読は長文読解の能力アップにも役立つので是非オススメしたいです✨


☆ 英作の復習って、どこまでやればいい？

演習したあとは、自由英作なら「書けなかったフレーズやミスした表現」を軽く思い出す程度がちょうどいいです。
復習は重たくしすぎず、回数をこなすことの方がずっと大事です。

自由英作は、テーマを変えて何本も書く中で、自分なりの使いやすい表現が定着していきます。
なので私は過去問でテーマの傾向を掴み、似たテーマの文を沢山書きましょう！

和文英訳は何度か書き直してその中でじっくり定着させていきましょう💪
こちらは色んなフレーズを覚えるのもいいですが、日本語を簡単な日本語に言い替える能力や
難しいフレーズをできるだけ使わずに書き切る能力が大切です！

「この表現くらいでいいんだ」これを実感し、定着させましょう！！


終わった英文は、先生に添削してもらったり、ChatGPTなどを使って添削をかけてみるのもおすすめですよ。意外と実用的なアドバイスが返ってきますし、自分のクセにも気づけるはずです。


焦らず、一歩ずつでも前に進んでいければ、それで十分です。

辛いと感じることもあると思いますが、大学に入って楽しい未来を想像しながらコツコツ積み上げていきましょう！

努力が実ることを心から祈っています☺️2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=7OcJHWgBTqPwDZPu6yF-","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"自由英作文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",10,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"1/5 8:03"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"まずは普通の英作文をしっかりできるようにすることです。\n自由英作では自分が絶対に間違わない文法だけを使って書けば良いので、普通の英作文がそれなりにできていれば文法的には問題ありません。\nただし、絶対に間違わないと自信のあるところが少ないと書ける選択肢の幅が狭まり、結果的に書きにくくなってしまうので油断は禁物です。\nこれぐらいでいいかと思わず、英作文を磨いてください。\n\n\n文法をクリアしたらあとは発想力です。\n自由英作が出題される大学の過去問、日常でふと思いついたこと、何でも良いので30秒以内に案が出せるように練習してください。\n例えば、(過去に実際に出た問題ですが)新しく祝日を作るとしたら何月に作りますか。\nという問題が出たとして、何月にどんな日を作るのか、どうしてそう設定したのかを一言でいいので30秒で出してください。\n長くても1分以内に出せるように練習してくださいね。\n\nその案をもとに論を組み立て、語数指定があると思いますのでその語数にあうぐらいの文を作ります。\nたいてい3〜4文でいけると思います。\n論理は飛躍がないようにしてくださいね。\n\n自由英作のポイントは文法と論理の組み立てです。\n(いきなり書くと論が飛躍しやすいです。だから先に案出しをします。)\n\n\nここまできたらあとは書くだけです。\n\n\nいかに自分が書きやすい案にもっていくかが重要になると思います。\n案出しの練習はどこでもパッとできるので是非たくさん練習してください。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_3E82F79902B04D7BBBA37FADDC6BBE73.jpg?alt=media&token=071fa3c7-cefc-437b-ac1c-fa8a93898979","adviserName":"りんご","adviserDepartment":"大阪大学人間科学部","adviceId":"7OcJHWgBTqPwDZPu6yF-","numberOfFan":62,"clipsAvg":9.881944444444445,"adviceRateAvg":4.522388059701493,"profile":"公立高校理系出身。[生物/化学/日本史]\n好きな教科は国語。得意科目は数学。\n英語の苦手を克服したり理系の中で孤独に国語を勉強したりしてきました…笑\n\n\n勉強を苦ではなく楽しいものにしちゃいましょう！\nどんなことでもお気軽に相談してくださいね(*^^*)"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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mb-1","children":"こんにちは。英作文の勉強法についての質問ですね。\n\n私の志望した北海道大学でも英作文の問題が出ていました。私が受験生の頃にしていた勉強法またはコツを書いていきます。\n\n勉強法といっても、英作文の場合は、ある程度（センター試験レベル）の単語力があるならば、とにかく書いてみることが一番良いと思います。\n\n作文を自分で採点・添削するのは難しいので、学校の先生などにお願いしてしてもらうのをオススメします。\nもしも英語の授業や定期テストで英作文を扱うなら、先生に質問するチャンスです。\n\n続いて実際に書くときのコツについてです。\n\nまず、問題のテーマを見て、書きたい内容の筋道を立てます。\n書き始めてから考えていると、自分が今何を書いているのか、何を書きたいのか分からなくなってしまうことがあります。\n時間制限の中で焦るとは思いますが、たとえば「〇〇分間は内容を考える」と時間を決めて、きちんと内容の筋道を立ててることをオススメします。日本語で書く内容のメモを取っても良いと思います。\n\nもう一つのコツとして、記憶があやふやな単語・文法事項は使わないことです。英作文で見られるのは、文章がテーマに合っているか と 文法的に正しいかどうかですので、難しい単語を使ったりして間違えてしまっては損です。\n\n確実に分かる範囲の知識で内容の一貫した文章を書くように意識すれば、良い点が取れると思います。\n\n以上です。参考になれば幸いです。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"英作文対策"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"はじめまして！\n英作文対策ですが、国公立二次試験までと考えるともう残りの日数も少なく、今から新しい参考書をはじめても消化不良になってしまうと思うので短い残り期間で少しでも完成度を高める方法について紹介させて頂きたいと思います。\n\n①ここまで使ってきた英作文の参考書・テキスト・教科書・プリント等を復習する。\n　まずはこれにつきます。先述の通りこの時期から新しい参考書にとりくむことは得策でないので今まで使ってきたものを復習しましょう。もしも自由英作文の対策が全くの未着手である場合は代ゼミの大矢先生が書かれている「英作文ハイパートレーニング自由英作編」がおすすめです。三時間あれば自由英作文の基礎がおおよそ身につきます。(和文英訳編もあるのですがこれは今からやっても間に合わないと思うので和文英訳の対策が未着手の場合はネクステやヴィンテージ等文法の参考書を復習してください)\n\n②志望大学の赤本を解き、赤本の解答を丸暗記する(自由英作文が出題される場合)\n　これは直前期で英作文の得点を一気にあげる究極の方法です。自由英作文では使うフレーズが一定程度決まっているので赤本の解答を丸暗記してしまえばそこに出てくるフレーズが本番の試験でそのまま使えてしまうことが多いです。赤本に別解が載っている場合はチャンスなので別解まで覚えちゃってください！(直前の数日でOK)\n\n③過去問や予想問題を解き、添削してもらう\n　最後はやはりこれです。実際に自分で英作文を書いてみてどの程度解けるか、試してみることが必要です。そして自分ではわからない文法ミスなどを確認するために高校の先生など信頼できる人に採点してもらいましょう。もし周りに信頼できる人がいない場合はパソコンやスマートフォンのGrammarlyというソフトを使うと自動で文法ミスを指摘してくれるのでこれを活用するといいと思います(大学に入ってからもめちゃめちゃ重宝します)。\n\nここまでいくつか挙げさせて頂きましたが、入試までの残り期間は少なく、他科目との兼ね合いもありやれることも限られていると思います。\nぜひ、納得のいく時間の使い方をして、残り僅かな受験生活を悔いのないものにしてください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"自由英作文を短時間で毎日やる方法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"mimi さんこんにちは\n突然ですが、mimi さんの通っていた学校あるいは予備校などにはネイティブの英語の先生はいらっしゃいますか？今から高3の時に僕がやっていた自由英作文の練習の仕方を紹介しようと思います。\n\nまず、僕自身は京大志望でしたので、京大の過去問を用いていましたが、mimi さんの場合は東大の過去問やその他英作文を出題する大学の過去問を用いて1日一問自由英作文を書いてみましょう\n\n次に、1週間に1度ネイティブ(あるいは塾の英語)の先生にお願いして英作文を添削してもらいましょう。ネイティブの先生であれば、ChatGPTとは異なり不適切な英文を見抜けないことはありませんし、添削の手間も省けます！更に、英語特有の表現や言い回しを気軽に質問することが出来るというのも魅力的です！(塾の英語の先生の場合も、実際に模試などで採点する側である場合が多いので、どこを見て採点するかわかるというメリットがあります！)\n\n実際、英作文の採点をする人は外国人である場合も多いと思いますし、問題に取り組む時間さえ毎日取ることが出来れば、この勉強法で十分成績が伸びると思います！注意点としては、添削してもらったものを復習する日を1日設けることが大事だということです！一度間違えた英語表現はノートを作ってまとめてみると良いですよ！\n\n浪人生の方は、高校にはネイティブの先生がいたけど塾にはいない‥\nという方も多いかと思います。\nそういった方は、自分の母校の担任の先生にお願いして、ネイティブの先生に添削してもらえるようお願いしてみましょう！僕自身、浪人したらそうするつもりでした。\n\n最後になりますが、僕は1年間英作する習慣を続けたおかげで、京大の夏模試では、50点中20点くらいだったのが、秋模試では40点程まで取れるようになったので、是非試してみて下さい！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary mr-1","children":["$undefined",[["$","path","0",{"fill":"none","d":"M0 0h24v24H0V0z","children":[]}],["$","path","1",{"d":"M12 6c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2-2-.9-2-2 .9-2 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