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1a:Teab,こんにちは😃

現代文を解く上で最も大事なことはその文章が何を言いたいのかということを掴むことだと思います。
特に評論文などは筆者の主張が言葉を変えて、何回も登場してきます。だから、キーワードとなる語や繰り返し出てくる語にはチェックを付けて読んでいました。
また、二項対立で論じられている文章では一方の事柄については普通に線を引いて、もう一方の事柄については波線を引いていました。同じように筆者の中でプラスの事とマイナスの事も後から見て分かるように違うマークを付けて区別していました。共通テスト模試は時間制限も厳しく、丁寧な読解はなかなか厳しいですが、練習の中で主張の言い換えを見つけたり、対立軸を意識する事が大事になってくると思います。あと、当然ですが接続詞や文意を変えたりする表現には気をつけて読みましょう！
なので、現代文を解く上で身につける力としては、その文章の言いたいことをできるだけ早く見抜くことです。
なかなか難しいことですが、これに関しては問題演習をして経験値を積むしかないです。実際にペンを持って言葉と言葉をつなげたり、文章にマークや線を引く練習をしていくことが最初の内はベストだと思います。
とにかく、自分の中で筆者の意見や考えが分類できていることが分かり、整理されていれば大丈夫です🙆‍♂️
また、完璧に筆者の言いたいことが分からなくても全然オッケーです。あくまで、問題に正解することがやるべきことで、主張を理解するのはそのための足掛かりですから。

あと、選択肢を消す際に数字や記号のところを消すのではなく、間違っている箇所に印を付けるクセも大切です。一発で答えが出せる設問もありますが、共通テストレベルの問題でもイヤらしい問題が多く、その場合消去法でしか消せない時があり、わずかな違いが大切になってくるからです。
それから、質問者さんがどのような形で現代文を取り組んでるか分かりませんが設問を先に読んで問われることを先に分かっておくことは共通テストの現代文を速く解く秘訣だと思います。選択肢までは見ないですが、共通テスト特有の図表やグラフの問題は先に見ておくと結構すぐに解けることがあります。
最後に、私もいつもできたわけではないですが、自分と文の筆者、そして作問者の3者を問題を解く際に意識してました。なぜこの文章を大学側が出し、ここに傍線部を持ってきているのか、共通テストであれ、個別入試であれ国語という入学試験である以上必ず意味があるはずです。問題を作っている人の意図や大学側の伝えたいメッセージを考えながら俯瞰して読めことができるようになれば現代文に関しては大丈夫です。

現代文の読解は人それぞれなので私の読み方が必ずしも正しいとは限りませんが、是非参考にして下さい！

受けておいた方がいい模試に関しては河合塾の早慶レベル模試や代ゼミの早大入試プレなどです。
やはり冠模試は実際の受験者が多く受けるので、自分の立ち位置を知る上で非常に役に立ちます。

また、質問があればぜひ聞いてください！
1c:Tbe4,国語で振れ幅があるのは、文章のジャンルによって得意・不得意があるからだと思います。

よって、各ジャンルの背景知識を取得する学習を始めてみてください。おすすめは｢現代文キーワード読解」です。各章の冒頭に必ず分野の説明が書いてありますから、そこを理解するまで読みましょう。意外と同内容の文章が出たりしますよ。

そして選択問題を解く時に心がけて欲しいことなのですが、選択肢だけを見て解くのはNGです。
必ず選択肢を見る前に、自分流の解答を作ってください。本当に簡単でいい（綺麗な日本語にまとめなくていい）ので余白に軽くポイントを書いてから、選択肢を見るようにしましょう。これを心がけるだけで無意識に、深く読もうとしますから！

とく順番は古文漢文がどれほどの学力かによります。
正直、本文の書いてあることが理解できている（つもり）なら、恐らく現代文はかなりの可能性があると思います。現時点で古文漢文がイマイチなのであれば、現代文から読むのをおすすめします。1問にえげつない時間を掛ける人もいますが、そんな問題は多分2時間考えても自信を持っての解答は出来ないと思うので、最悪勘でもいいのでさっさと終わらせてしまいましょう。のめり込みは大NGです。

そして接続詞と指示語を意識してみてください。
接続詞は文章を進展させます。例えば、｢つまり」だとそれまでの話を要約する、など接続詞ごとに重要な役割を持っていますからそれらを1度整理してみてください。
指示語は｢それ、その」などの内容を確実に理解しながら読み続けることを意識するために必要です。その辺の理解が乏しいと深く読解することは難しいですからね。


最後に効果的な復習方法ですが、いかに楽をするかです。
持論ですが、｢効果的＝効率的」だと思うんです。解説を読んで、段落ごとに分析するのもいいのかもしれませんが、時間は掛かる・眠くなる・ダルいと思うのでおすすめしませんね。
代わりに最低限の復習（選択肢の根拠・新出漢字や語意）をすぐに終わらせて、沢山の問題を解く（文章を読む）ことを心がけて欲しいです。
すると、実感は湧きにくいですが、読解力が上がってきます。読みで大切な｢緩急のつけた読解（読むべき所を徹底的に、読まなくていい所はテキトーに）」が出来るようになってきます。


長くなりましたが、こうやって長ったらしい読みづらい文章を読むだけでも読解力は上がります。ぜひ悲観せず前向きに頑張って欲しいなと思います。
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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文が読めなくなった"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"私は理系ですが、現代文が非常に得意で、模試などでも偏差値60は切ったことがほとんどありませんでした。本番で現代文を使った東京大学でも51/80という高得点(普通は35点くらい取れば良い)を出せました。\nこれは、倫理、政治・経済を選択しており、背景知識があったからだと思います。(特に倫理)\n背景知識をつけるには、過去問の解説を読んだり、現代文キーワード(駿台や河合塾が出してるもので良いです)やそれこそ倫理や政治経済の教科書を理解するのが良いと思います。ただし、暗記しては意味がありません。始めはなんとなくでも良いから、暗記ではなく理解をしてください。\n背景知識があれば、選択肢も論外なものを選びやすくなりますし、たまに問題の長文を読まなくても解けることさえあります。更に、現代文や英語の長文が面白く感じるようになります。(少なくとも私はそうでした)\n国語は努力しても身に付かないというのは嘘です。\nただ、小さくてもコツコツやる必要があります。短期間に努力してもあまり成果は上がらないので、根気を保って努力しなければなりません。\nしかし、内容も楽しんで読めるようになれば、努力も苦ではなくなりますし、今後の人生も豊かになるでしょう。\n是非頑張ってください。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文 何すれば良いんでしょうかね。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"実は回答者も国語伸びるの時間かかって、\n結局最終的に伸びてくれたのでよかったのだけれど\n\n問題集だけやってた頃はあんまり伸びなくて。\n\nで、劇的に、あ、現代文わかるようになってきたわ、と思ったのは、慶應受けるにあたり、小論をやり始めた頃からだったんだよね。\n\nつまり小論対策をすると現代文なぜかできるようになります！\n慶應受ける気なかったら、文章を構成するような小論ガチガチの対策はしなくていいけれど、\n「要約」の練習は結構良いと思う。単純に要点拾うのうまくなるので。\n\nまあ今から小論とか賭けだろ、みたいなふうに思っちゃうかもしれないけれど、一か八かやってみても損はないと思うな。とりあえず10月だけでも隙間時間に要約の練習してみたらいいんじゃないかな。\n\n\n\nで、裏話みたいな話なんだけれど\n現代文含め古文とか漢文とか、国語総じて苦手な人は慶應受けたら良いと思うんだよね笑\n小論のほうが遥かに楽だし、本番やばいこと書かなければ、ふつうに論理的に説得力もたせて書ければ減点のしようもない。そして小論は11月からとかからやり始めても全然間に合う(というか慶應合格者も小論あんまり勉強していないけどなんか書けた~~みたいな人が多い)。まあ、、参考程度に。\n\n\nまとめると、\n問題集やって伸びなければ小論(要約練習)！\n\n色んなやり方あるのでどれを選ぶかは質問者さん次第だけれど、一応こんなやり方もありますということで頭の片隅にでも入れといてみて。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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2.89-3.14 5.74-7.9 10.05z","children":[]}]]],"style":{"color":"$undefined"},"height":16,"width":16,"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs mr-2","children":4}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs rounded-lg border border-text px-4","children":"現代文"}]]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-caption w-20 h-20 rounded-sm overflow-hidden","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"w-full h-full 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文できません独学です(泣)"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"塾で教えてる中で私が見る限りの現代文ができない理由を羅列します。\n\n①語彙力、背景知識不足\n→これが一番多い原因な気がします。漢字は解けても、文章にある語句の意味を正確に理解してないってことが多いです。(例えば、パラダイムとか帰納、演繹、ア・プリオリとか)語句の意味がわからないと、文章の意味を掴めないばかりでなく、選択肢中にある言い換え表現もうまく掴むことが出来なくなってしまい、それが原因で選択肢を選び間違えるということが起こってしまいます。\n\nまた、背景知識に関してです。これは英語にもよくあることなのですが、例えばルネサンスがテーマの文章が出てくると、世界史選択の目線としてはなんとなくどのようなパターンの結論を導くか予想できます。このように背景知識のあるなしは現代文の成績に繋がると言えます。\n\n②傍線部周辺の情報に囚われすぎている\n→現代文において、問題になっている傍線部周辺に答えがある可能性は高いです。しかし、必ずしもそうとは限りません。\n\n特に共通試験やセンターの問題は「ここまでの内容を正確に読み取れているか？」という内容の問題ばかりです。なので、「答えを拾う」作業よりは、「該当箇所までの段落の趣旨は何なのか」を掴むことの方が正しい回答に直結します。\n\n傍線部周辺だけを見ていると、まさに「木を見て森を見ず」状態になってしまう訳です。\n\n以上の2つが非常に多いです。というか、この2つができれば、現代文はできると思います。\n\nなので、以上の2つを意識して取り組んでください。その際はがむしゃらに量をこなすのではなく、復習に時間をかけてください。\n\n「この文は全体で何が言いたいのか」\n「どのような技法(対比とか)が使われているのか」\n「なぜこの選択肢は違うのか」\n「どこを直せばこの選択肢は正しくなるのか」\n「なぜここから意味を読み取れなくなってしまったのか」\n\nなどをしっかり理解できるまでが復習だと思っています。\n\n一応、おすすめの参考書も書いておきます。\n①の原因→Z会のキーワード読解\n②の原因→現代文読解力開発講座\nが個人的にお勧めです。頑張ってください！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文成績は伸びないまま自信無くした"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文に波があることはよくある話です。\nとくに模試に関しては出題者、採点者と合う合わないがどうしても出てきてしまいます。私もこのくらいの時期にセンター過去問を解いていて想定していた点数を40点ほど下回ってしまい愕然としたり、最後の国立模試で今まで一番良かった国語が急に足を引っ張ったりと、かなり現代文に振り回された覚えがあります。それでも本番ではセンター、私立、国立共に得意科目として安定してくれました。\n\nまず、気持ちの持ち方としては国語が外れるのはままあることと思っておく。\n\n次に勉強方法ですが、現代文の上げ方って難しいですよね…。私の経験からいうと、センター試験は選択肢の作り方に多少クセがあり、慎重にならないといけない反面、過去問を重ねる毎にコツをつかみ点数が上がっていった印象です。共通テストについては申し訳ないのですがよく分かってません…が、冷静に選択肢を減らして行けば解けない問題はないはずです。焦らなくても大丈夫です。\n\n選択問題の練習方法として大切なのは、「何となく」を減らしていくことです。前半部分は正しいことを言っているけど後半部分は間違っている(あるいは問題文に書かれていない)ような選択肢が良くあります。こんなこと書かれていなかったと言える部分が少しでもあれば迷いなく切ってください。解いている間にそれが出来なかった問題は必ず解説を読んで納得してください。やはり場慣れは必要です。\n\n記述や文法はきっと塾で色々と教わっているだろうし、ここまである程度解き方を確立されてきたでしょうから今からやり方を変えることはお勧めしません。\n\n模試や過去問にあまり落ち込みすぎないこと、共通テストの対策は私大と別に進めること(たとえギリギリの追い込みになってしまっても伸びると思います)、私大は今まで通り取り組み、納得するまで問題と向き合うこと。\nやるべきことを地道にやっていけば数字は自ずとついて来るものです。応援しています！！"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文の勉強の仕方がそもそもわかりません"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"現代文の復習はまず解答解説を熟読する。次にもう1度本文を読む。そして解きなおす。の3ステップです。多少時間はかかりますが、この3ステップを繰り返すと次第に文章の構造をつかめるようになります。\n目安は1時間くらいかけてもいいくらいです。慣れてきたら短くしましょう。私は大体以下のように時間をかけていましたが、受験直前は時間短縮で30分くらいで3ステップをやっていました。\n復習をしたら、さらに現代文を得意にするテクニックがあります。それがフロー図の作成です。これは評論、小説どちらでも活用できます。評論問題の場合はまずノートを2分割します。評論問題は文章構造が二項対立になっていて筆者が言いたいこととそうでないことの2つの軸に沿って展開されますので、それを段落ごとに順を追ってノートに書いていきます。\nここで重要なのができるだけ字は書かずに、矢印を使ったり、図を入れたりしてできるだけシンプルにまとめましょう。小説は分割する必要はないので登場人物の心情変化や場面背景を示しながら描いていきましょう。こうするとより文章の構造や心情変化に気づくことができます。\nこれで総仕上げです。原稿用紙やマス目のあるノートに文章要約をしてみましょう。要約は文章を200字以内でしてみましょう。この200字はちょうど文章をまとめやすい字数だと言われているので文章を簡潔にそして要点をまとめあげましょう。前段階のフロー図がきれいにできていると要約するのもかなり楽です。\nここまでできると相当深い理解につながります。ここまでしっかり復習できるとだんだん初見の問題でも要点や筆者の主張がわかるようになってきます。そうなると現代文の得点はぐんぐんあがっていきます。要約したものは学校の先生などに添削してもらうとよりいいです。\n一般的に現代文は力を伸ばすことが難しいと言われていますが、しっかりした方法で対策をすれば確実に得点力を鍛えることができます。現代文ができるようになるということは物事を論理的に考えたり、自分の思っていることを端的に伝えることができるようになることにもつながります。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"点数を上げるためにやるべきことはなんですか？"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"単語をノートにまとめることは悪いことではないですが、わからない単語があっても先にどんどん進んでいく力をつけることで語彙力不足を解消できる可能性があります。そのために、現代文読解の速度を上げる訓練と重要な点だけを読解しながらあぶり出していく感性を磨く訓練が大切です。\nZ会が出している『現代文キーワード読解』という本があります。\n実際に手にとってもらえれば説明するよりもよくお分かりいただけると思いますが、中には難しめの単語の説明と、その単語が出てくる短めの文章が掲載されています。\nその文章を毎日要約する練習をしてみましょう。一緒に、掲載されている難単語の意味も覚えましょう。\n文章下には、要約の模範解答も載っていますから、上手く要約出来ない場合は、本文を読んだ後に要約文と見比べて、どういったところを残し、どういったところを削っているのかという点をしっかり確認しましょう。\n慶應志望とのことですが、論文試験では学部を問わず要約が頻繁に出されます。\n要約の練習を今から始めておくことは決して悪いことではないはずです。\nそして何より、要約ができるということは、文の要旨と構造を把握する能力が高いということを意味しますから、現代文読解能力の向上に要約練習が有効なことは明らかです。\n結局現文は、解説を聞いて復習の際にそれを上からなぞるだけでは読解力向上は難しいのです。\nまず自分で解いてみる、そしてその上で解答を聞いて現文に向かう際の感性を養っていく必要があります。\n毎日根気よく取り組めば、個人差はあれど必ず感性は磨かれていきます。\n\n受験勉強頑張ってください。慶應でお待ちしています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1 mr-3","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"現代文を安定して取れるようになるには"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"初めまして。現代文の勉強は、受験界屈指の我慢大会です。したがって短期間で成績は伸びないこと、伸びないのは皆同じだと言うことを念頭に置いて下さい。何も心配することはありません。\nさて、具体的な方式ですが、テキスト選びが秀逸ですね、センス良いです。私はその中でも特にアクセスを推しているのですが、基本・発展ともに数周する価値があります。そしてもう1つ。完成編をやる予定はありませんか？以前にも基本・発展で留めようとしている受験生を見た事があります。その人にもお伝えしましたが、アクセスは基本・発展・完成全てこなして初めて最大の効用を発揮します。いわば3つで1シリーズなんです。\nまた解説に納得いかないとの事ですが、まずは解説が解答の根拠として示している本文の箇所を熟読してみましょう。次に解答を知っていて良いので、他の選択肢が何故違うのか、一つひとつ説明してみましょう。句読点の前後内容が矛盾している肢も有り得ますから、選択肢自体の吟味も欠かせません。\n最後になりますが、読解の根本を勉強しようというのは良い心構えです。しかし、過去問を一切やらないというのも考えものです。テキスト1周したら過去問1個、といった具合に定期的に解く事を通して、学んだ読解の理論を応用する練習をすると、直前期に大いに役立つと思います。それでは、頑張って下さい。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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