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1c:T1012,　こんにちは、tonaです。毎日の勉強お疲れ様です。

　共通テストの古文は年度でも多少差がありますが、レベル的にはそこまで高くないです。慣れもあるとは思いますが、そもそも基本の単語の知識がある程度必要です。なので、どうして点数を落としているかの分析が必要です。「古文上達」もサラッとやってできている、という状態なのであれば、もったいないので、それぞれの文章についてわからない単語や表現はないか、また問題についてなぜそういう解答なのか、というところまで分析していくと実力もつくので良いですよ。


　さて、ご質問にお答えしていこうと思います。当時は、センター試験でしたが、共通テストも実際解いてみると、古文・漢文は大きくは変わらないと思ったので、参考にはなると思います。

　まず、解き方。
　単語は本文を読みながら解いていきます。これは誰でも大抵一緒だと思います。全部15秒くらいで選べるのが理想です。基本を抑えていれば、悩むということはまずありませんので、ここができていないとなると、単語の勉強が足りていないことを意味します。
　他の問題は、私の場合読みながら解いていき、分からないものを後で解く、という形にしていました。最初このやり方でうまくいっていなかったのですが、慣れるとこれでスピードも正答率も上がりました。きちんと全体と場面ごとの流れを理解できれば、時間をかけずに解けると思います。あと、これが結構大事かもしれませんが、各選択肢のダメなところを探します。正解を選ぶ問題は、5つの選択肢のうち４つの選択肢に誤りがあるはずなので、それを選択肢を読んで探します。結構2つ残って悩むのですが、そこで傍線部の前後とかを精読します。

　次に解く順番。
　私の場合は、古文→漢文→現代文、という順番で古文・漢文は15分ずつ、現代文の2つは25分ずつ、を基本として、現代文のどちらかは20分で解けたので、そこで残った5分を見直しとしていました。
　ただ順番は本当に人によって変わるところもあるので、いろいろ試してしっくりくるのを探してみてください。


　ここからはお節介で参考書のことを書こうと思います。無視してくださっても構いません。

　基本が抜けていると感じたら、まずは「マドンナ古文」をやってみたください。基本事項の参考書的なものです。
　続けて、問題演習では「古文上達　基礎編」を既にやっていらっしゃるとは思うのでその復習と、新たに「得点奪取　古文」というものとおすすめです。同じくらいのレベルで問題にたくさん触れることができると思います。
　最後は古文単語でこれが1番大事です。300語くらい入っているものが良いです。持っていたらそれを何周もしましょう。私は「古文単語330」をおすすめします。これに載っているものを覚えていれば、問題を解く時にわからないことはありません。
　

　共通テストの古文は、解き方・順番も大切ですが、どちらかというと基本的な単語や文法事項をいかに覚えているかが勝負になります。テストのテクニック的なことを知りつつ、基礎を丁寧にやっていくのがベストかと思います。


　ここまで読んでいただきありがとうございます。この回答が慢心改善マンさんの今後の勉強の一助となれば幸いです。他に聞きたいことなどあればぜひコメントにお書きください。本番での成功を心より祈っております。1d:T102f,こんにちは！お疲れさまです🌼

🍓古文漢文の解き方&読み方

まずは手順を説明します！
①設問チェック
本文を読む前に、まずは問題を見ましょう。何について問われているのかを知ることで、闇雲に読んでいくより効率が良いです！

そして、➀知識問題　➁文法問題　➂単語
の3種類の問題に関しては文章を読まずに解いてしまいましょう。完全に答えに辿り着けなくても、選択肢を切れたりすることはできることが多いです。
一度、ここで知識のみによる答えを出しておき、読み進めて傍線部がきたら、文脈的にも正しいのか再度確認します！

②リード文
文章を読み始める前にリード文があれば必ず読みましょう。人物関係や状況、答えをここから導く問題もあります。
登場人物が多い場合は、相関図を書くことをおすすめします！

③注釈確認
文章の最後の注釈にも様々なヒントが書かれていることが多いので先にサラッとで良いので確認しておきましょう！

④出典確認
まだ本文に入りません笑。出典を確認し、ジャンルを知りましょう！

⑤本文を読む

古文も漢文もこの手順です！🦭

🫐勉強方針

【古文】
古文の勉強の全体像をお話しします。

単語→文法→読解法→共テレベルの演習→常識→文学史→March早慶レベルの演習

という順番で勉強していきます！
単語の勉強はしていますか？英語と同様、古文もまずは「単語」からです！

単語帳は、『学校配布教材』または『古文単語ゴロゴプレミアム+』を使ってください！

文法は引き続き『八澤の古典文法』で付属の要点整理ミニブックを全て答えられるようにしましょう！

読解法も引き続き『八澤の古文読解』で付属の要点整理ミニブックを全て答えられるようにしましょう！そして、この参考書では、「人物を四角で囲む」だとか、「て、で、つつがきたら○で囲む」だとか具体的に何をすべきかが書いてあります。この作業を八澤を見なくてもできるようになる必要があります。

そこで八澤に書かれている読み方を再現できるようにするための練習として、『東進の古文レベル別問題集2』を行ってください！この参考書にも主語の識別方法や和歌の読み方など八澤に載っていたことが書かれているため、八澤の復習をしながら進めることが出来ます！

そして共通テストレベルの問題演習として『レベル別問題集3』を行います。

ここまでくれば後は時間との兼ね合いで何をして、何をしないのかを決めていきましょう。おすすめの参考書を書いておきます。

marchレベルの問題演習をしたい
→『古文レベル別問題集4』

早慶レベルの問題演習をしたい
→『古文レベル別問題集5』

古文常識を学びたい
→『マドンナ古文常識』

文学史を学びたい
『SPEED攻略10日間 文学史』

【漢文】
漢文の勉強はとてもシンプルです！

まずは『早覚え速答法』と並行して『ステップアップノート10』を行ってください！
早覚え速答法でインプットして、ステップアップノートでアウトプットします。単元ごとに交互に進めていってください！

2冊が終わったら、漢文にはあまり時間をかけたくないので、『共通テストの過去問』に入ってしまいましょう！

そして、漢文ありの大学・学部を受けたい場合は、march早慶レベルの演習として『旺文社の全レベル別問題集3』をおすすめします！

以上が古文漢文の解き方・読み方、そして今後の勉強方針になります🍍
頑張ってください！応援しています🌸1e:Tff8,こんにちは。質問ありがとうございます。
古文漢文の勉強は、難しいですよね。
私もしばらく感覚で解いてしまっていて、急に読めなくなった時期がありました。
私の経験を中心に古文漢文が安定的にとれるようになるまでの勉強法等をお話ししますね！

《古文》
大まかに勉強のプロセスをまとめると、
　単語・文法・古文常識→基本的な読み方の確認→センター演習→二次・共通テスト演習　です。

〇単語・文法・古文常識
学校でこのような事項を学習する教材が配られていれば、それでおそらく十分です。
そうでない場合の参考として、私が使っていた参考書を紹介すると、
　単語：古文単語マスター333
　文法：マドンナ古文・完全マスター古典文法
　古文常識：古文読解をはじめからていねいに　です。
古典文法については、前者は講義形式で書かれているので文法の導入に、後者は項目別に書かれているので読解の際理解を深めるために使用しました。
他にもたくさんあると思うので書店で自分に合ったものを選ぶことをお勧めします。

〇基本な読み方の確認
私は、前に挙げた「古文読解をはじめからていねいに」と「古文上達　読解と演習」を併用しました。「古文上達」に掲載されている文章はどれも長くはないので、読解に慣れるまでは問題を解くより全訳をすることをお勧めします。その際に、自分の感覚は使わず「はじめからていねいに」などに書かれた方法を使って主語や状況等を把握するようにしましょう。例えば、敬語の違いから主語を判断したり助動詞の違いから回想シーンなのかどうかを判断したりする、などです。
ここではあくまで分析的に古文を読解する力を養うことが目的ですから、解答の記述の仕方等はさほど気にする必要はありません。

〇センター演習
もうすでにセンター試験は終わってしまいましたが、センターの過去問には良問が多くあります。
ここで共通テストの問題を解くと癖のある問題に対処しなくてはならなくなるので、読解にフォーカスすることが難しくなってしまいます。
センターの過去問で読解の問題の間違いがなくなれば、古文の読解能力としては十分だと思います。
そうなったら、実際に受ける試験の過去問等にチャレンジしてみてください。

《漢文》
こちらも大まかにまとめると、
　重要漢字・句法の学習→センター演習→二次・共通テスト演習　です。

〇重要漢字・句法の確認
共通テストやそのレベルの文章の読解であれば、「漢文早覚え速答法」を一冊やれば十分です。
さらに上のレベルの文章を解く場合は、もう少し詳しい句法・語彙が必要となってきます。
私が使用していたのは「漢文必携」ですが、このような網羅的参考書は学校で配られる場合も多いのでわざわざ買いなおす必要もないと思います。
古文と同様、これらの基礎はしっかりと固めていきましょう。

演習等については古文と同様なので割愛します。
感覚で解かず、自分の持っている基礎的な知識をフル活用して解く練習をしたのち、過去問に取り組みましょう。

いかがでしたでしょうか。
一例にすぎませんが、私はこれで古典の得点が安定するようになりました。
読解にはやはり慣れも必要であるため、すぐにできるようになるものではありませんが、辛抱強くコツコツと進めていけば力はついていくはずです。
これからも受験勉強頑張ってください。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=4UyXKHYBTqPwDZPu3z74","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"共通テスト古文漢文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",27,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"12/3 21:33"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"UniLink利用者の80%以上は、難関大学を志望する受験生です。これまでのデータから、偏差値の高いユーザーほど毎日UniLinkアプリを起動することが分かっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L13",null,{"clientImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_5211711D1F0948CCA6A594B3E3BE3306.jpg?alt=media&token=0c84eb71-9860-4172-92a8-b43f964ccddb","clientUserName":"シナモン","infoString":"高3 神奈川県 埼玉県立大学保健医療福祉学部(54)志望","adviceId":"4UyXKHYBTqPwDZPu3z74"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap","children":[["$","div","consultation-part-0",{"children":[null,"共通テストでのみ古文、漢文を使います。古文に関しては文法を一通りやって、古文単語もそれなりに覚えたのですが文章が頭に入ってこなくて時間が足りなくなってしまいます。漢文も句法はだいたい覚えているのに文章の意味を理解するのに時間がかかります。共通テストまでのあと約1ヶ月でやるべきことを教えて欲しいです。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"pt-4","children":["$","$L14",null,{}]}],null]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"もちこ","adviserDepartment":"東京大学文科二類","adviceId":"4UyXKHYBTqPwDZPu3z74"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"古文に関して、文法と単語がそれなりに頭に入っているのであれば焦る必要は全くありません。\nおそらく演習不足なのでここからは演習に切りかえて、その中であやふやな知識があればそちらを補うという形にするのが良いと思います。\n\n具体的な演習に関しては、\n\n①センターの過去問や共通テストの予想問題をまずといてみる\n②答え合わせをする\n③あたまから逐語訳をして現代語訳とてらしあわせる(このときに助動詞の識別などもきちんと行う)\n④すべてを逐語訳できる状態になったら3回ほど音読をし、音読しながら意味を取れるようにする\n\nというのをひとつの問題でやってみるというのを続けるといいと思います。\n\n\n\n逐語訳を行う際は\n主語、敬語では敬意の方向、助動詞の識別\nを意識しながらやってみて下さい。\n\n\nまた、古典に割ける時間が十分にあるのであれば古文単語を復習する際は例文まできちんと参照しそこも逐語訳してみると良いと思います。\n\n次に漢文に関して、\n句法がきちんと入っているのであればあとは慣れるだけです。\n教科書でもなんでもいいのできちんと文意をとれる漢文(できれば白文、なければ訓点がついたものでも良い)を音読しながら意味をとるというのをまいにちやってみて下さい。\n\nまた、漢文の読解で大切になってくることは主語と句法がとれればあとはその単語から連想される熟語を捻出して文意をとることと注釈をきちんと読むことです。\n\nもし漢文に割く時間があまり無いということであれば、問題を解く際にまず問題と選択肢を先に見て文章の内容をある程度予想してから、文章を読むというのもひとつのテクニックですのでやってみて下さい\n\n\n\n応援しています"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":null,"adviserName":"もちこ","adviserDepartment":"東京大学文科二類","adviceId":"4UyXKHYBTqPwDZPu3z74","numberOfFan":15,"clipsAvg":13.095238095238095,"adviceRateAvg":4.566265060240964,"profile":"12月のセンプレから本番まで200点up\n秋模試D判定から東大へ大逆転合格\n\nきっと力になれると思います"}]}],["$","div",null,{"children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://ck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com/servlet/referral?sid=3364577&pid=884970531&vc_url=http%3A%2F%2Fshingakunet.com%2F%3Fvos%3Dnrmnvccp0000100","rel":"nofollow","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/document_request_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文と漢文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"【古文】\n\n古文に関してはとりあえず単語と文法。\n単語に関しては単語帳一冊を完璧にすれば大丈夫だと思います。ただ古文単語に関してはすぐに忘れてしまうので夏休み中に完璧にして2学期以降にもしっかりと触れていきたいです。覚え方としては、とにかく見る回数を増やす！単純ですが本当に大事です。1回1回覚えるつもりがなくても見る回数を増やしていけば自然と覚えていきます。もしくは音声学習も有効的です。CD付きの単語帳、もしくは自分のスマートフォンにその単語の意味を吹き込んでCD代わりにするなどの方法もあります。\n文法に関しては一冊文法の参考書をやるので充分。自分は参考までに河合塾出版のステップアップノートを使っていました。（灰色）私大、センター含めて難しい文法問題はそこまで出ない印象です。だからこそできないと差がついてしまいます。最低限はやっておくようにしましょう。\n最後に長文。長文読解には単語と文法以外にも背景知識が必要です。有名な作品（源氏物語や落窪物語）に関しては漫画を買って背景知識を入れていました。その他にも宮中の作りや武士のしきたりなど意外と重要ではないかと思われる背景知識が直接問われはしないものの読解においてキーワードになる場合があります。しっかりと背景知識は入れておきましょう。背景知識をしっかりと入れておくと文中の主語が誰なのかが一層分かるようになります。古文は文中の主語が誰なのかがとても重要ですので自分で長文読解の演出に取り組む際にも意識してほしいです。おすすめの問題集は旺文社出版の全レベル問題集③.④です。\n\n【漢文】\n\n漢文に関してはとりあえず1冊参考書を終わらせましょう！！自分は漢文早見表を使っていました。問題集に関してはセンターの過去問を使っていました。早大といってもそこまで難しい漢文の問題は出ないと思います。センターレベルがこなせたら対応できると思います。（早大で漢文が独立問題として出題されるのは文学部、教育学部だと思います。）\n\n\nあくまで参考までに！！そのほかで何か分からないことがございましたらお気軽にご相談ください〜〜"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"文法と単語は出来るのに"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"古文の全体的な流れですが、\n助動詞・動詞の活用及び用法の全暗記\n⇩\n助詞、その他単語帳を使った単語の暗記\n⇩\n基礎レベルからの演習\n⇩\n演習・単語の継続\n\nです。ただ、他のどの教科よりもフィーリングや個人の感覚に委ねられる部分が大きいような気もしています。苦手意識を無くすことは時間をかけるだけでも解決しますが、安定して得点を取れるようにするためには上記の流れを固める必要があるでしょう。\n\n\n読解で意識するべきは、まずは単語の暗記、特に動詞の敬語の意味や主語・目的関係の暗記です。これが出来ていないと、得点は絶対に取れません。\n\n次に大切なのは、1度解いた問題をとにかく復習することです。\n問題を解ききり、丸付けをするだけで終えていないでしょうか？\n\n１度解いた問題は、まずは知らなかった単語を全てピックアップし、それらを覚えます。\n次に、現代語訳と見比べ、自分が誤って解釈してしまった文章に印をつけ、その文章をとにかく正しく解釈出来るまで調べ上げます。\nそもそも単語を知らなかったのか、活用や動詞などの意味を誤ったのか、目的や対象を誤ったのか、誤読の原因をとにかく分析するのです。\n\nその後、２～３回読み返しましょう。ここまでやって、復習したと言えるのです。\n\n\n個人的な見解ですが、単語は実際に文章内で使われている場面を見ない限りは覚えにくいと思います。また、共通テストレベルの問題は非常に難しく、初期段階で触れるには早すぎだと思います。まずはかなりレベルを落とした参考書や私立大の過去問を参照しましょう。（私は大東亜レベル⇒日東駒専レベル⇒GMARCH・センター⇒共通レベル⇒二次試験レベルとレベルを上げつつ演習しました。）\n\n参考にしてください"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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mb-1","children":"【古文漢文の復習の仕方】\n原文を見て、古文なら現代語訳・漢文なら書き下し文と現代語訳を書きます。\n解説の現代語訳と読み比べして、赤ペンで直します。\n\n＊古文\n古文単語が分かるのは大前提です。特に珍しい言葉が出ることはない・出ても文脈から推測できますので、古文単語帳でしっかり勉強してください。\n\n接続の仕方を捉えてください。\n順接なのか、因果関係があるのか、逆説なのかなどなど…たくさんの文章構成があります。この活用形だからこの接続になる、と根拠を持って答えられるようにしてください。設問になっていない部分を含め、すべての文章で徹底してください。\n\n尊敬の対象をはっきりさせてください。\n尊敬語に気を配り、登場人物たちの立場を明確にしましょう。\n\n時代背景（古文常識）が解説に乗っているのであれば熟読して、１つの物語として楽しめるくらいにまで自分に落とし込みましょう。\n\n＊漢文\n書き下し文ができるのは大前提です。スラスラ書けるまで練習しましょう。\nでも本番は、書き下し文にしてから解いたりしません。最終的には原文のまま大体の意味をつかめることを目標にしてください。\n\n具体的には、漢字の１つ１つの意味を確認してください。「也」だったら「なり」なのか「や」なのか。「や」ならどんな意味なのか、確認しましょう。詠嘆・提示・疑問反語・呼びかけ・強調…。簡単な例を挙げると、「也」の上を見ると、主語があるからこれは呼びかけの用法だな、というようにすべての文字に根拠を持つことができるまで勉強してください。\n\nそしてセンターで得点できないことがあるとのことなので、基本句形がまだまだ覚えられてないことと思います。基礎中の基礎なので絶対に覚えてください。\n\n全部できて完璧に訳せるようになったら、音読をします。無作為に選んだ一文をスラスラと読めて完璧に和訳ができるようになるまで繰り返します。\n\n勉強時間ですが、他の科目の状況と合わせて考えると国語の割合が少なすぎます。もっと時間を割いて良いと思います。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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古文常識がわかっていない\n\nまずこのなかでも①が1番大切です！！\n単語と文法をやれば古文を読めると思っている方がほとんどだと思いますがそんなに古文は甘いものではないです！古文は敬語が頻繁にでてきて誰の動作を高めてとかがわからないとまったく意味がわからなくなってしまいます。古文において敬語は非常に重要です。これが尊敬でこれが謙譲と覚えるだけでなく、どういう動作の尊敬語なのか謙譲語なのかまでしっかり覚える必要があると思います！\nやり方としてはYouTubeの予備校ただよびでの吉野先生が今敬語についての授業（スーパ敬語法）が上がっているのでそれをみるのがおすすめです！自分も受験生時代吉野先生の授業を受けていたのですがとても分かりやすかったのでかなりおすすめです！\n\n②は古文にも漢文にも言えることなのですが英語と同じである程度なれていくことが必要なので1日1文くらいは読んでいったほうがいいと思います。（おすすめの参考書は1番の基礎で有れば古文上達基礎編、その上のレベルは私大志望であれば河合塾からでている中堅私大古文演習、難関私大古文演習がおすめです！国公立志望であればこちらも河合塾から出ている入試精選問題集がおすすめです！）\n\n③は意外と気にしないのですがかなり大切で、見落としがちなことが多いです！\n例えば垣間見とはどういうものなのかや、\n単語帳にはのっていない見出すと見入るの違い\n見出す（主語は女になって部屋から男をみる）\n見入る（主語は男になって部屋の外から女をみる）などなど色々あるので古文の世界をわかるということも大切です。\n参考書はマドンナ古文常識がおすすめです！\nこれを一冊しっかり読んで完璧にしましょう！\n\n続いて漢文についてはとにかく問題を解いていきましょう！Z会の共通テスト予想問題集がおすすめです！！\n\n参考になれば幸いです！！また、いつでも何か聞きたければこちらのコメントでお答えするのでお気軽にどうぞ！（答えられる範囲で答えます！）頑張ってください！！\n\n\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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