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1b:Tda6,はじめまして。
単語についてです。これはセンターも京大の二次もそうなんですが、単語帳の内容丸暗記はあまり通用しなくなってきています。センターだとよく単語帳の赤字になっている意味で間違いの選択肢を作り、単語帳にあまり載っていない表現で正解の選択肢を作る年があります。なので単語帳の丸暗記だと騙させてしまう。二次はもっとシンプルで、一体一の表現で覚えていると綺麗な日本語を紡げなくて苦労します。どうすればいいかと言うと、言葉のコアになる部分(本質)をイメージとして理解することが大切です。古文単語の語幹とイメージは互換性があるので意外と効率よく覚えられます。そのようなこともあり、マドンナは分からないですが、ゴロゴは私はあまりおすすめしません。初学者の取っ掛りとしてはいいと思いますが、少なくとも京大を目指す人が使う単語帳としてはあまりにも不十分過ぎると思います。そこで私が使った単語帳を紹介します。｢解法古文単語350｣。私が通っていた予備校の講師が出している単語帳で、本質的なイメージはもちろん、その単語が用いられる構文、設問＆解答パターンが網羅されており、付録で古文常識が記載されています。とても盛り沢山な単語帳です。これめちゃくちゃおすすめです。
文法について。言うことは一つ、助動詞と敬語を押さえろ、です。古文は文脈が命です。よく問題集で｢文脈判断により答えはこれ｣みたいな質の悪い解説を見かけますが、正直古文は文脈が分かればほとんど解けます。具体的には和訳と状況の因果関係です。問題なのはどうやって文脈を判断するか。その手がかりになるのが助動詞と敬語です。助動詞によって、その述語部分の状況が分かります。敬語によって、その主体が分かります。この作業繰り返して、和訳・状況の因果関係を把握し、文脈を押さえていきます。おすすめの参考書等は特にないですが、一覧表と識別方法が載っているのにしてください(むしろ載っていない方が少ないかも)。
読解について。センターだったら単語と文法が出来ていれば特に対策はいらないと思います。二次にはその2つに加えて構文や古文常識が必要になることが出てきます。この単語が出た時はこの要素とこの要素が必要になってくる(ないと状況がわかりにくくて減点対象になりうる)、この行動にはこのような背景があるなどなど。対策としては、上述した｢解法古文単語350｣で充分網羅できます(だからこそ私がこんなにも推している笑)！
色々書きましたが、高2の段階でそこまで高い意識で古文を対策しようとしているだけで十分な対策は出来ると思います。単語→文法→読解の順で時間がかかるので、あまり古文に重しを起きたくないor思いの外負担になるようだったら、この順番で手をつけ始めるとよいと思います。読解は1ヶ月くらいあれば対応できます。頑張ってください！1d:T1427,古文が苦手な方は文理問わず多いと思うので、少し頑張れば大きく差をつけることができます。
そして、古文はちゃんとした勉強をしていれば2～3か月ほどで得意科目にすることができます。

古文の勉強法について順を追って説明させていただきます。

古文の勉強は日常生活で使わない言語を読み解くという点で、英語の勉強と類似しているところがあります。最初に取り組むべき勉強も英語と似ています。

ずばり、最初に取り組むべき古文の勉強は”単語と文法”です。

単語と文法が分からなければ文章を読めないのは英語と同じです。そして、多くの古文が苦手な受験生はこの二つがほとんど出来ていません。

軽くテストをしてみましょう。まずは、単語からです。
「ながむ」「にほふ」「あく」「おくる」の意味をすべて答えることができますか？
また、敬語表現の「たてまつる」「のたまふ」「めす」「奏す」の意味とそれぞれの敬語の種類(尊敬語、謙譲語、丁寧語)を答えることができますか？

次に文法編です。
係り結びの法則を説明することはできますか？
未然形接続、連用形接続、終止形接続の助動詞を言えるでしょうか？

とりあえず、このテストにすらすら答えることができなかった場合には、単語・文法が出来ていないということにします。この先で単語と文法の勉強方法について説明しますので、やってみてください。

(１)古文単語の勉強方法
まずは、古文単語の勉強方法についてです。
参考書は何を使っても構いません。基本的には学校で配られたものを使ってください。どうしてもやる気が出ない場合には新しく買うのもモチベーションアップにつながるので良いと思います。

古文単語はどの参考書でも300～350くらいに収まっていると思います。逆に新しく買う場合には、単語の数がこの範囲に収まっているものをおすすめします。今回は使用する単語帳を330単語だと仮定して進めます。これを一か月で完成させます。

一か月で330単語を覚えるにはどうすればいいでしょうか。よくあるのは、一日11単語覚えると30日で330単語覚えられるというものですが、人間の脳はそんなに都合よく出来ていません。全部終わるころには、最初の11単語なんて完全に忘れてしまいます。もっと間隔を短くして、回数をこなすことが大切です。

66個/日×5日で一周してください。
つまり、一日で66単語やります。番号順に１～66番まで取り組んでください。二日目は67からです。5日後に330番まで到達したら、6日目からはまた同じように1番から取り組みます。

5日で1セットの周回を6回繰り返します。5日×6周で30日(一か月)で完成します。5日という間隔と6回という回数が大切なので、必ず毎日取り組むようにしてください。

(２)古文文法の勉強方法
次に古文文法についてです。
古文の文法で一番重要なのは助動詞です。助動詞→敬語→助詞→和歌→(文学史）の順番で取り組むのが良いと思います。

助動詞については、最初のテストの問題にも出したように、未然形接続、連用形接続、終止形接続の助動詞を覚えることから始めてください。語呂合わせでもなんでも構いません。助動詞を言われたら接続をすぐに答えることができる状態にはしておいてください。それがすべて覚え終わったら個々の助動詞の意味と用法について覚えていってください。

敬語については、敬語の種類について理解することが大切です。尊敬語・謙譲語・丁寧語も現代語と意味が異なるので注意して取り組んでみてください。

助詞は副助詞と係助詞についてはすべて覚えてください。「だに・すら・さえ・し・のみ・ばかり・など・まで」と「ぞ・なむ・か・や・こそ・は・も」はすらすら出てくるようにしておいてください。

ここまでやれば、古文の基礎的な文法は他の受験生と大きく差をつけられるはずです。

文法は少し大変だと思いますが、参考書や映像授業(スタサプなど)を活用して進めてみてください。ちなみに私は「岡本梨奈の一冊読むだけで～」のシリーズを使っていました。すらすら読めるので、おすすめです。

これらが、古文を得意科目にするための勉強方法です。ペース良くやれば、すべて2～3ヶ月ほどで終わると思います。試してみる価値は十分にあると思うので、頑張ってください。2:["$","main",null,{"className":"px-4 pt-4 pb-4","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"max-w-3xl mx-auto w-full","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":["$","$L7",null,{"href":"https://unilink-app.onelink.me/isbO/h6xeh63x?advice=-8QpfGYBTqPwDZPuAXMB","target":"_blank","children":["$","$L8",null,{"src":"/images/web_to_app_banner.jpg","width":3660,"height":1500,"sizes":"100vw","style":{"width":"100%","height":"auto"},"alt":"UniLink WebToAppバナー画像","className":"mb-4 rounded"}]}]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"text-xl font-semibold mb-2","children":"古文.漢文の勉強法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex justify-between mb-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"text-left text-xs text-caption","children":["クリップ(",40,") コメント(",1,")"]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-right text-xs text-caption","children":"10/16 9:15"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark 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mb-2","children":"回答"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L15",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_6D165661F106456D991E1CB0BF4C5B4C.jpg?alt=media&token=bfeb4ed9-4629-4f10-9141-d78cf69b5295","adviserName":"mimimimistudy","adviserDepartment":"名古屋大学理学部","adviceId":"-8QpfGYBTqPwDZPuAXMB"}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"coach-mark mb-4","children":"すべての回答者は、学生証などを使用してUniLinkによって審査された東大・京大・慶應・早稲田・一橋・東工大・旧帝大のいずれかに所属する現役難関大生です。加えて、実際の回答をUniLinkが確認して一定の水準をクリアした合格者だけが登録できる仕組みとなっています。"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"leading-loose whitespace-pre-wrap mb-4","children":[["$","div","advice-part-0",{"children":[null,"・古文\n優先度としては\n単語>助動詞>敬語>>その他\nです。\n単語に関しては速読古文単語をひたすら繰り返して覚えてしまいましょう。\n古文では単語の細かい意味が問われるので、多義語も出来るだけ全て覚えるのが目標です。\n\nそれと並行して、助動詞も覚えましょう。\n助動詞は単語と比べるとかなり数が少ないので、短期間で完璧に仕上げるようにしてください。\n助動詞は意味と活用が問われます。\n\nまた、古文では敬語もよく聞かれるので単語と助動詞に余裕が出て来たら敬語の勉強をしましょう。\n\nここまでで基本的なところは全て抑えられると思います。\nさらに余裕があれば、国語便覧や源氏物語を読んで背景知識まで入れておけると古文で困ることはなくなるでしょう。\n\n・漢文\n漢文は書き下しの練習と、再読文字を覚えることをまずやってください。\n単語の意味は漢字からなんとなく連想できるので単語はそこまで焦らなくてもいいです。\nただ、推測不可能な単語もいくつかあるので、その単語についてはしっかり覚えましょう。\n\n書き下しができてしまえば、問題自体は古文ほど難しくなく、簡単な文章が多いです。\nまた、教訓や滑稽な笑い話など文章のパターンも少ないので沢山問題を解いているとだんだんとセンスが磨かれていくはずです。\n\n以上まとめると、古文は単語と助動詞、漢文は書き下しと再読文字から始めると良いと思います。\n応援しています。"]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-4","children":["$","$L16",null,{"adviserImageUrl":"https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/unilink-48e75.appspot.com/o/images%2Fs_6D165661F106456D991E1CB0BF4C5B4C.jpg?alt=media&token=bfeb4ed9-4629-4f10-9141-d78cf69b5295","adviserName":"mimimimistudy","adviserDepartment":"名古屋大学理学部","adviceId":"-8QpfGYBTqPwDZPuAXMB","numberOfFan":25,"clipsAvg":6.086538461538462,"adviceRateAvg":4.72972972972973,"profile":"みっきーって呼んでください！\nツイッターやYouTubeでも授業動画などをアップしているので是非活用してください！\nTwitter 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"言語文化の勉強法"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"私は古文漢文が得意だったのでお答えします！\n\n単語はめちゃくちゃ大切です！でもまずは助動詞を覚えましょう！！助動詞が分からないと文脈がとれません。（否定を肯定で取ったり、使役を尊敬で取ったりしてしまうと意味がわからなくなる）\n\n助動詞を覚えるメリットはたくさんあります。\n主語が特定しやすくなる、文脈を掴みやすくなる、共テの文法問題が解けるようになる、品詞分解ができるようになる！！逆に言えば助動詞が分からないと何も分からないということです。\n\n私はブツブツ助動詞を唱えて覚えました。帰り道に「る、らる、す、さす、しむ、ず、じ、む、むず、まし、まほし……」（未然形接続の助動詞すべて）とかつぶやいてました笑 YouTubeにも覚え方を解説した動画があるのでぜひ\n\n私は助動詞を覚えてから品詞分解をするのが大好きになりました笑\n\n\n【私の古文漢文参考書ルート】\n＊古文\nスタサプ古文文法（岡本梨奈）→Z会古文上達（基礎）→共テ演習、過去問演習（単語は日々コツコツ）\n\n＊漢文\n早覚え速答法→共テ演習、過去問演習（句形は日々コツコツ）\n\n古文漢文の魅力は「少しの文法と単語を覚えれば、昔の人と同じ気持ちを共有できる」ことです！！昔の人も「小さいものはかわいい」って思ってたんだ！私と同じ！みたいなそういう発見をしながら勉強していくのが良いと思います。\n\n質問があればお答えします！\n"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"文法と単語は出来るのに"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"古文の全体的な流れですが、\n助動詞・動詞の活用及び用法の全暗記\n⇩\n助詞、その他単語帳を使った単語の暗記\n⇩\n基礎レベルからの演習\n⇩\n演習・単語の継続\n\nです。ただ、他のどの教科よりもフィーリングや個人の感覚に委ねられる部分が大きいような気もしています。苦手意識を無くすことは時間をかけるだけでも解決しますが、安定して得点を取れるようにするためには上記の流れを固める必要があるでしょう。\n\n\n読解で意識するべきは、まずは単語の暗記、特に動詞の敬語の意味や主語・目的関係の暗記です。これが出来ていないと、得点は絶対に取れません。\n\n次に大切なのは、1度解いた問題をとにかく復習することです。\n問題を解ききり、丸付けをするだけで終えていないでしょうか？\n\n１度解いた問題は、まずは知らなかった単語を全てピックアップし、それらを覚えます。\n次に、現代語訳と見比べ、自分が誤って解釈してしまった文章に印をつけ、その文章をとにかく正しく解釈出来るまで調べ上げます。\nそもそも単語を知らなかったのか、活用や動詞などの意味を誤ったのか、目的や対象を誤ったのか、誤読の原因をとにかく分析するのです。\n\nその後、２～３回読み返しましょう。ここまでやって、復習したと言えるのです。\n\n\n個人的な見解ですが、単語は実際に文章内で使われている場面を見ない限りは覚えにくいと思います。また、共通テストレベルの問題は非常に難しく、初期段階で触れるには早すぎだと思います。まずはかなりレベルを落とした参考書や私立大の過去問を参照しましょう。（私は大東亜レベル⇒日東駒専レベル⇒GMARCH・センター⇒共通レベル⇒二次試験レベルとレベルを上げつつ演習しました。）\n\n参考にしてください"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mb-1","children":[["$","svg",null,{"stroke":"currentColor","fill":"currentColor","strokeWidth":"0","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","className":"text-subPrimary 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文ピンチ"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"✅古文の基礎。\n\n古文に関してはとりあえず単語と文法。\n単語に関しては単語帳一冊を完璧にすれば大丈夫だと思います。ただ古文単語に関してはすぐに忘れてしまうので夏休み中に完璧にして2学期以降にもしっかりと触れていきたいです。覚え方としては、とにかく見る回数を増やす！単純ですが本当に大事です。1回1回覚えるつもりがなくても見る回数を増やしていけば自然と覚えていきます。もしくは音声学習も有効的です。CD付きの単語帳、もしくは自分のスマートフォンにその単語の意味を吹き込んでCD代わりにするなどの方法もあります。\n文法に関しては一冊文法の参考書をやるので充分。自分は参考までに河合塾出版のステップアップノートを使っていました。（灰色）私大、センター含めて難しい文法問題はそこまで出ない印象です。だからこそできないと差がついてしまいます。最低限はやっておくようにしましょう。\n最後に長文。長文読解には単語と文法以外にも背景知識が必要です。有名な作品（源氏物語や落窪物語）に関しては漫画を買って背景知識を入れていました。その他にも宮中の作りや武士のしきたりなど意外と重要ではないかと思われる背景知識が直接問われはしないものの読解においてキーワードになる場合があります。しっかりと背景知識は入れておきましょう。背景知識をしっかりと入れておくと文中の主語が誰なのかが一層分かるようになります。古文は文中の主語が誰なのかがとても重要ですので自分で長文読解の演出に取り組む際にも意識してほしいです。おすすめの問題集は旺文社出版の全レベル問題集③.④です。\n\n✅古文の重要度\n\n→古文は勉強の成果が出やすいと思います。現代文は波が出やすいという感じですが古文は得意な人は得意で必ず安定してきます。その人たちはやはり上記の事項がしっかりとできているのですね。古文は安定させることができる分重要だと思います。私は本番入試の時は必ず古文からリズムを作って現代文を解いていました。\n\n\n                    🙇‍♂️〔ロードマップ〕🙇\n\n古文単語帳 ex古文単語315 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items-center py-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-1","children":"古文と漢文"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-xs text-caption line-clamp-2 mb-1","children":"【古文】\n\n古文に関してはとりあえず単語と文法。\n単語に関しては単語帳一冊を完璧にすれば大丈夫だと思います。ただ古文単語に関してはすぐに忘れてしまうので夏休み中に完璧にして2学期以降にもしっかりと触れていきたいです。覚え方としては、とにかく見る回数を増やす！単純ですが本当に大事です。1回1回覚えるつもりがなくても見る回数を増やしていけば自然と覚えていきます。もしくは音声学習も有効的です。CD付きの単語帳、もしくは自分のスマートフォンにその単語の意味を吹き込んでCD代わりにするなどの方法もあります。\n文法に関しては一冊文法の参考書をやるので充分。自分は参考までに河合塾出版のステップアップノートを使っていました。（灰色）私大、センター含めて難しい文法問題はそこまで出ない印象です。だからこそできないと差がついてしまいます。最低限はやっておくようにしましょう。\n最後に長文。長文読解には単語と文法以外にも背景知識が必要です。有名な作品（源氏物語や落窪物語）に関しては漫画を買って背景知識を入れていました。その他にも宮中の作りや武士のしきたりなど意外と重要ではないかと思われる背景知識が直接問われはしないものの読解においてキーワードになる場合があります。しっかりと背景知識は入れておきましょう。背景知識をしっかりと入れておくと文中の主語が誰なのかが一層分かるようになります。古文は文中の主語が誰なのかがとても重要ですので自分で長文読解の演出に取り組む際にも意識してほしいです。おすすめの問題集は旺文社出版の全レベル問題集③.④です。\n\n【漢文】\n\n漢文に関してはとりあえず1冊参考書を終わらせましょう！！自分は漢文早見表を使っていました。問題集に関してはセンターの過去問を使っていました。早大といってもそこまで難しい漢文の問題は出ないと思います。センターレベルがこなせたら対応できると思います。（早大で漢文が独立問題として出題されるのは文学部、教育学部だと思います。）\n\n\nあくまで参考までに！！そのほかで何か分からないことがございましたらお気軽にご相談ください〜〜"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex 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